Objective To establish three methods of DNA extraction from Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and test by PCR. Methods After three freeze-thaw cycles, three kinds of templates were extracted from the oocysts by Chelex-100, phenol/chloroform or genomic DNA purification system kit, and used for PCR detection. According to the sequence of a C.parvum gene (L16996), a pair of primers was designed and synthesized, and used for PCR. The sensitivity of the template by Chelex-100 method was also tested by PCR. Results One 446 bp PCR product was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis for all three kinds of templates. The PCR sensitivity by Chelex-100 extracted DNA reached for detection of a specimen containing only 1/2 oocyst. Conclusion The three kinds of extraction can all be served as templates for PCR detection of C.parvum oocysts, while Chelex-100 method is simpler, quicker and more reliable for DNA extraction of the parasite.

Objective To investigate the protective immunity of the recombinant thioredoxin of Schistosoma japonicum(reSjcTrx)in mice. Methods Thirty 6-week old female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 each: reSjcTrx with Montanide ISA720 adjuvant, adjuvant control, and infection control. Mice were vaccinated subcutaneously at week 0, 2, 4 with reSjcTrx emulsified in Montanide ISA720 adjuvant. The mice in adjuvant group was injected three times with Montanide ISA720 and saline only. Mice in infection control group were given no injection. Three weeks after final injection, each mouse was challenged with 30?1 cercariae of S. japonicum (Chinese strain). At the week six after challenge, all mice were sacrificed and perfused. The number of recovered worms and eggs from liver tissue of mice were counted. Sera were collected from mice before immunization, before challenge and before killing. The anti-SjcTrx antibodies in sera were detected with ELISA. Results ELISA showed a high level of specific IgG antibodies in mice immunized with the reSjcTrx. The worm reduction rate and egg reduction rate of reSjcTrx immunization group were 22.8% and 29.5% respectively, significantly higher than those of the control groups (P﹤0.05). SDS-PAGE and Western blotting revealed that the molecular weight of expressed protein was around Mr 14 000 and could be recognized by sera from rabbit infected with S.japonicum and from mice immunized with reSjcTrx. Conclusion The reSjcTrx induces certain protective immunity against schistosomiasis japonica in mice.

Objective To explore the role of PDSA quality management tool in promoting the construction of hospital medical record quality control audit system,and the path to continuously improve the quality of intelligent audit of medical record first page data.Methods Analyzing the current state of medical record quality management using root cause verification meth-ods,we followed the PDSA quality management theory and process,implementing planning,execution,evaluation,and handling procedures.Special pilot programs,effectiveness validation,and iterative improvement measures were undertaken to enhance the entire process of intelligent medical record quality control review.Results After implementing PDSA cycle management meas-ures,the completion rates for admission records,surgical records,discharge records,and medical record cover pages within 24 hours all reached the preset target values.The accuracy of the main diagnosis selection by physicians significantly improved,re-sulting in a standardized and visualized work mechanism for intelligent medical record quality control.Conclusion The applica-tion of PDSA cycle management can effectively improve and enhance the quality of intelligent review of medical record cover pa-ges,facilitating the construction of a scientific system for intelligent medical record quality control review.

Objective To isolate and identify Cryptosporidium oocysts from feces of naturally infected cow. Methods Fecal samples were collected from Cryptosporidium infected cows confirmed by modified acid-fast staining method. Oocysts were isolated and purified with Sheather sucrose density gradient centrifugation technique. Genomic DNA was isolated with Chelex-100. Both primers were designed to amplify Cryptosporidium small subunit ribosome RNA gene (SSU rRNA) and Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein gene (COWP), respectively. The PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T and pGEM-T Easy vector and sequenced subsequently. Homology and phylogeny were analyzed with BLASTn and MEGA software. Results The results suggested that the size of oocysts was (7.4?0.32)?m by(5.4?0.21)?m and the ratio of length and width was 1.37?0.07 (n=20). BLASTn revealed that the identity of SSU rRNA and COWP gene of Cryptosporidium isolated from cow to the counterparts of C.andersoni was 100% and 99% respectively. Phylogenetic reconstruction placed the isolated Cryptosporidium within the C.andersoni clade based on the sequence of SSU rRNA and COWP gene. Conclusion What isolated from naturally infected cow feces has been identified as C. andersoni.

Objective To investigate the relationship between 24-hour urinary protein quantification and maternal and neonatal complications in severe preeclampsia. Methods Totally 2305 cases of pregnant women which were diagnosed as severe preeclampsia more than 28 weeks of single pregnancy in 37 hospitals in mainland China were selected from January 1 to December 31, 2011. According to the results of the highest 24 hours urine protein quantitative after admission, the subjects were divided into 3 groups. The group Ⅰ included 590 cases whose 24h urinary protein were 0-2g. There were 843 cases in group Ⅱ whose 24h urinary protein were 2-5g, 872 cases were in group Ⅲ whose 24h urinary protein were more than 5g. The complications of the maternal and neonatal outcome were analyzed among the three groups. Results The incidence of hypoalbuminemia was 14. 8％, the rate of chest /ascites /pulmonary edema / heart failure was 1. 6％, the incidence of renal dysfuction was 0. 6％ and the incidence of placental abruption and HELLP syndrome was 2. 7％ and 3. 0％. There was significant difference in the incidence of hypoalbuminemia among the three groups of which the incidence of groupⅠwas significantly lower than that of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0. 017). The rate of fetal growth restriction, fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia was 3. 3％, 9. 5％, and 1. 1％. The incidence of neonatal body weight, fetal growth restriction and neonatal asphyxia among the three groups were significantly different (P ＜ 0. 05). The body weight of neonatal group was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0. 017). The incidence of FGR in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0. 017). The rate of neonatal asphyxia in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0. 017). There are no significant difference in the incidence of heart failure /pulmonary edema, placental abruption, HELLP syndrome and cesarean section among the three groups. Conclusion 24-hour urinary protein may increase the risk of hypoalbuminemia in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, but do not increase the risk of heart failure /pulmonary edema, placental abruption and HELLP syndrome. 24-hour urinary protein was associated with severe preeclampsia neonatal body weight, fetal growth restriction, and neonatal asphyxia.

Biochemistry experiment is an experimental module associated with biochemistry curriculum. In the context of deepening the education reform on innovation & entrepreneurship, integrating the concept of innovation & entrepreneurship with the experimental course is an effective way for the biology discipline to foster professional talents with strong engineering ability and innovation & entrepreneurship ability. Outcome-based education (OBE) is a new concept for education. Guided by this concept, we encouraged students to propose and take part in research projects, redesigned the time frame for research project-based experiment teaching, and implemented a multi-dimensional evaluation system along the entire teaching process. Furthermore, we integrated the concept of innovation & entrepreneurship for training undergraduates during the teaching process of biochemistry experiment. These measures not only boosted the students' interest in research and innovation, but also guided the teachers to participate in the entire process, which helped improving the engineering ability and innovation & entrepreneurship ability of the students.
Biochemistry/education* ; Curriculum ; Entrepreneurship ; Humans ; Students