Objective To investigate the changes of parathyroid hormone receptor in patients with different stages of renal disease and its possible underlying mechanisms. Methods Relatively quantitative RT/PCR method was used to detect PTH receptor mRNA expression in renal specimens obtained through biopsy or operation. Results The levels of PTH receptor mRNA were significantly decreased in all patients with chronic glomerulonephritisx moderate renal failure severe renal failure and acute renal failure, which was correlated with the extent of renal impairment. Conclusion The downregulation of renal PTH receptor occurs much earlier than the changes of renal function., plasma PTH., serum phosphate and calcium in the course of human renal disease.

Objective To explore the mechanism of 125I seed interstitial implantation-induced apoptosis of liver VX2 tumor cells in experimental rabbits, and to compare the effects of different radioactivity 125I seeds on the apoptosis and on the proliferation of tumor cells. Methods A total of 24 rabbit models with VX2 liver cancer were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups, and 125I seeds with different initial radioactivity were separately implanted into the rabbits of the three groups. 125I seeds of 0 mCi radioactivity were used in the control group (n=8), 125I seeds of 0.7 mCi radioactivity were used in the 0.7 mCi group (n=8) and 125I seeds of 1.0 mCi radioactivity were used in the 1.0 mCi group (n=8). The experimental rabbits were sacrificed at 5 weeks after the implantation; the tumor lesions were removed, and the effects of 125I seeds on the apoptosis and proliferation of tumor cells were determined. The tumor cell apoptosis rate, tumor growth-related factors, tumor growth factor expression protein and the influence of caspase-3 activity were evaluated. Results Regardless of their initial radioactivity, all the 125I seeds could make the tumor cell apoptosis rate increased, make Bcl-2 and VEGF expression level decreased, and make Bax expression increased, which were more obvious in 1.0 mCi group (P<0.05). The 125I seeds could increase the activity of caspase-3 within tumor tissue, but the difference between the 0.7 mCi group and the 1.0 mCi group was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The implanted 125I seeds can not only inhibit tumor’s growth through inducing apoptosis of tumor cells, but also inhibit tumor’s angiogenesis through influencing the expression of apoptosis-related gene and coding protein.

Objective To explore the best mode of diabetic dietary education in the nursing specialist outpatient service,which is suit for China's national situation.Methods A total of 100 diabetic patients consulting diabetes diet in the nursing specialist outpatient service were divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases each by random digits table method.The routine sermonic education mode was used in control group,while the error-correction education mode was used in observation group.The question-real-time evaluation was performed at the end of the education and a follow-up evaluation after 6 months of intervention was evaluated.Results Grasp of the knowledge of diabetes diet in observation group immediately after education and 6 months after education were better than those in control group,t=3.07,3.06,P＜0.01.In the follow-up evaluation after 6 months of intervention,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were (6.84±0.79) mmol/L,(6.83±0.36) ％ in observation group and (7.56±0.93) mmol/L,(7.67±0.87) ％ in control group.The indices in observation group were significantly better than those in control group,t=-4.17,-6.32,P＜0.01.Conclusions Using the error-correction education mode can correct the false dietary behavior of patients and improve the effect of the diabetic dietary education more effectively.

Objective To explore the efficacy of targeted care for sleep by analyzing polysomnography (PSG) of the different stages of night sleep in patients with depressive disorder. Methods 80 depressive patients met the recruited criteria from Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 were sample-randomly divided into research group with targeted care and controlled group with routine nurse by random number table. PSG of each case was analyzed and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess at baseline and endpoint during 4 weeks period. Results Total sleep time, sleep efficiency, N3 and rapid eyes movement ratio of PSG were (395.74 ± 29.31) min, (80.42±1.92)%, (19.11±2.29)%and (16.01±2.55)%in research group, (372.34±24.37) min, (72.61 ± 1.64)%, (13.61 ± 2.38)%and (13.87 ± 2.03)%in controlled group (t=2.892-13.361, P<0.05). SDS at 2nd week and 4th week were (45.28 ± 6.28) points and (32.62 ± 4.65) points in research group, (48.63±7.54) points and (36.32±4.34) points in controlled group (t=-4.12,-4.43, P<0.05). HAMD at 2nd week and 4th week were (15.92 ± 2.62) points, (9.94 ± 2.32) points in research group, (18.27 ± 3.41) points and (12.45 ± 2.21) points in controlled group (t=-3.51,-4.35, P<0.05). Conclusions Efficacy of targeted care for sleep in patients with depressive disorder is better and sooner, and the intervention is good for both sleep quality and mood level.

ObjectiveTo discuss the quantitative criteria of grading nursing of three common psychiatric diseases in psychiatric department. MethodsUsing SI、N-BPRS,BRMS and HAMD scales to evaluate180 patients with schizophrenia,mania and depression upon admission and after admission.The quantitative evaluation of grading nursing of these three diseases was compared. ResultsFor the three common mental diseases N- BPRS scale scores were as follows.Superfine nursing:schizophrenia (80.66+11.22)points; mania (80.05± 15.44)points; depression (76.88±9.82)points.Primary care:schizophrenia (67.47± 10.18)points; mania ( 62.91 ± 10.19 )points; depression ( 56.63±9.52 )points; Secondary nursing:schizophrenia ( 44.04 ±8.67 )points;mania( 39.57±9.47 )points ;depression( 37.73±7.75 )points.The three- level nursing:schizophrenia( 27.97±2.19 )points;mania(27.89±2.28)points;depression(27.45±1.31 )points. ConclusionsUsing evaluating scores of NBPRS scale to determine the quantitative criteria of grading nursing of three common psychiatric diseases is a feasible choice,after training,nurses of high qualification can grasp skillfully the operation process.

Objective To investigate the expression of nestin, a type Ⅵ intermediate filament protein in the glomeruli with foot process effacement and the potential relationship between nestin expression in the kidney and the degree of proteinuria. Method Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the localization of nestin in the kidney samples obtained from needle biopsies of normal human and patients with minimal change disease (MCD). Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis rat models were established by a single intraperitoneal injection of PAN. Both real time quatitative reverse PCR and Western blot methods were applied to evaluate the levels of nestin expression at day 1, 4, 10 and 20 after PAN injection. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of nestin in glomeruli of MCD patients was significantly reduced compared with normal samples (0.93±0.08 vs 1.65±0.12, P<0.05) . The mRNA and protein expressions of nestin in the rat kidney were transitorily increased by 1.23 folds and 1.48 folds of control group (NC) after 1 day of PAN injection (P<0.05), then decreased quickly in the following days. The mRNA levels of nestin in the kidney were 35.8% and 12.1% of NC after 4 days and 10 days of PAN injection, respectively, (P<0.01) as determined by real time PCR. After 20 days of PAN injury, nestin mRNA expression partly recovered to 65.8% of NC (P< 0.05 ). The protein levels of nestin detected by Western blot presented the similar trend, which were 77.0%, 58.0% and 83.4% of NC after 4 days, 10 days and 20 days of PAN injection, respectively (P<0.05). The degree of proteinuria in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats was negatively correlated with both mRNA and protein levels of nestin in the kidney(r=-0.667,P<0.05 and r=-0.621 ,P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions The expression of intermediate filament protein nestin is down-regnlated in the kidney characterized with foot process effacement and negatively correlated with the degree of proteinuria in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats. Nestin may play a potential role in modulating the structure and function of podocyte.

Objective To investigate the injury of podocyte and its association with proteinuria in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Method Thirty-five patients of IgA nephropathy with proteinuria more than 1.0 g/24 h were enrolled in the study, and eight cases of renal harmatomaeetomy or renal cancinomaectomy were as controls. Cell cycle regulatory proteins (p21, p27), podocyte-associated molecules (integrin-β1, nephrin, α-actinin 4, nestin), foot process width (FPW) and the amount of podocyte were examined by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR, respectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to podocyte number per volume (Nv): podocytopenia group (n=15, Nv<52.49×106/μm3) and normal number group (n=20, Nv≥52.49× 106/μm3). Proteinuria was followed up for eighteen months. Results Compared with the controls, podocyte p21 was re-expressed, while the expression of p27 was decreased (0.71±0.12 vs 0.91±0.07, P<0.05) in IgAN. The nestin protein level was markedly decreased in IgAN (13.4%± 0.04% vs 17.6%±0.04%, P<0.05). The mRNA expression of integrin-β1 was significantly increased (12.54±5.20 vs 1.02±0.30, P<0.05), while the amount of nephrin, α-actinin4 remained unchanged. Effacement of foot processes and podocyte detachment from the glomerulax basement membrane were observed in some cases. Nv was significantly less than that of controls (161.27± 225.92 vs 323.22±138.12, P<0.05), which was associated with the Lee's grade of IgA nephropathy. The integrin-β1 mRNA expression and Nv were negatively correlated with baseline proteinuria by univariate analysis (r=-0.840, P=0.034; r =-0.4483, P=0.014, respectively). Proteinuria in podocytopenia group was decreased more slowly than that in normal number group. Conclusions Podocyte injury exsists in IgAN with proteinuria, which manifests alterations in cell cycle regulatory protein and some podocyte-associated molecules, as well as foot process effacement and loss of pedocyte. Podocyte injury may be involved in proteinuria by affecting the progression of proteinuria in IgAN.

Objective To investigate the effect of glucose supplement on AMPK activation in myocardium of exercised rats by measuring the myocardial AMPK activation and glycogen content after acute exercise training.Methods Rats were subjected to an acute endurance exercise and glucose supplement in varying doses and time points before and after exercise.The dynamic changes of myocardial AMPK activities was measured with Western blotting, changes of myocardial glycogen content were measured with Anthrone method.Results AMPK activation in myocardium of exercised rat was increased significantly throughout the exercise, and remained at a higher level 1 hour after acute exercise.However the level of AMPK activity was not significantly increased in exercised rat with glucose supplement.Glycogen content was not significantly changed after exercise.Rats subjected to lower dose glucose supplement did not show significant changes in glycogen content neither.But glycogen content was significantly increased in rats at 24 hours after exercise, subjected to higher dose of glucose supplement.Conclusions 1) Acute exercise induces a significant increase in AMPK activation in myocardium of exercised rats.Glucose supplement significantly inhibites the activation of AMPK induced by acute exercise.(2) Higher dose glucose supplement significantly increases glycogen content in the rat myocardium 24 h after exercise.

Objective To discuss the technical method,safety and clinical efficacy of CT-guided 125I radioactive seed implantation for the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastases.Methods CT-guided 125I radioactive seed implantation was carried out in 11 patients with mediastinal lymph node metastases.Before 125I seed implantation,the interstitial brachytherapy treatment planning system (TPS) was employed to formulate a treatment plan.The particles with radioactivity of (1.11-2.96) × 107Bq (0.3-0.8 mCi) were used for the implantation.Postoperative complications were recorded.The local lesion control rate and the effective rate of pain relief were evaluated at one,3,6 and 12 months after 125I seed implantation.Results After 125I seed implantation,pneumothorax occurred in 3 patients,tracheal fistula in one patient,and pulmonary infection in one patient.The local lesion control rates at one,3,6 and 12 months were 81.8％,90.9％,72.7％ and 72.7％ respectively;the effective rate of pain relief at one week,one,3,6 and 12 months were 100％,90.9％,90.9％,81.8％ and 72.7％ respectively.Conclusion For the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastases,CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation is less-invasive with less complications,and it carries reliable local lesion control rate.Therefore,this technique is a safe therapeutic means.

OBJECTIVE To observe the protection of vitamin C on the cardiac injury induced by 50 nm titanium dioxide inmice.METHODS Kunming mice were ad mistered by ig of vitamin C 100,200 and 400 mg·kg -1 for 2 d.And then the mice were ad mistered by ig of nano-TiO2 2 g·kg -1 and vitamin C (100.0,200.0 and 400.0 mg·kg -1 )for 3 d,the interval of treatment with nano-TiO2 and vitamin C was 4 h.The mice were scarified 24 h later after the last ad ministration.Electrocardiogra m (ECG)was determinated by physiological recorder.The myocardial enzy mes activities in serum and superoxide dismutase (SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities in serum and myocardial tissue were determinated by bioche mical method.Cometassay was used to detect the DNA da mage of the heart. Heart tissue was used for histopathological exa mination by HE staining.RESULTS Co mpared with the control,ECG showed higher S-T and T-wave a mplitude of nano-TiO2 2 g·kg -1 (P<0.05).The myocar-dial enzy mes activities significantly increased and activities of SOD and GSH-Px significantly decreased in nano-TiO2 group,compared with the control group(P <0.05).Cometassay showed that olive tail mo ment (OTM)was significantly increased after nano-TiO2 2 g·kg -1 ,compared with the control group (P<0.05).The histopathology showed ede ma of myocardial cells,myofibril disorders and increasing infla mmatory cells.Vita min C 100,200 and 400 mg·kg -1 can decrease S-T in ECG,OTM,myocardial enzy mes activities,increase the SOD and GSH-Px activities in serum and myocardial tissue;reduce myocardial hypertrophy and infla mmatory cells.CONCLUSION nano-TiO2 can induce myocardial injury inmice and vitamin C can alleviate the da mage.The mechanism may be associated with the antioxidant ability of vitamin C inmyocardial tissue.