Authors described characteristics of medical service performance evaluation,and strategy options for scientifically evaluating such performance,and systematically presented the conditions and methodology of DRGs-based evaluation of medical service performance.Six evaluation indicators were cited in terms of the capacity,efficiency and medical safety of medical service providers,with detailed introduction to the computation process of such indicators.Cases in hand indicate that the first-page data completeness and accuracy of medical records are preconditions for using DRGs in medical service performance evaluation.

This article reviewed the connotation,developing process and utilization theory of diagnosis related groups (DRGs).DRGs,which is one of ease mix systems,is now used widely in healthcare management.DRGs classify inpatient based on diagnose and procedure.Practices have shown that it has relative high capacity for the risk adjustment of acute care cases; therefore,it can improve the efficiency of expenditure and performance management of inpatient services.Currently,there are more than 30 countries and regions using DRGs,and the theories and methodologies of DRGs get mature.China's new round healthcare reform have developed in depth.The study and development of DRGs related health management tool will promote China' s healthcare system becoming more scientific,normalized and systematic.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue principle on the expression of neurotrophin-3 of the frontal lobe cortex neurons in diabetic rat brain. Methods The diabetic rat model was produced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ).The Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue drugs was poured into the stomach of the treated group. The brains were taken and the expression of neurotrophin-3 was estimated with immunochemistry 8 weeks later. Results Immunochemistry showed that there were many positive cells in the frontal lobe cortex of the normal group and they were deeply dyed.Positive cells of the model group decreased and their color was shallow .The number and the color of positive cells in the treated group were close to that of the normal group. Conclusion The Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue principle can effectively improve the degenerating of the frontal lobe cortex neurons in diabetic rat brain.

Objective To investigate the effect of inhibiting the expression of Navl. 8 sodium channels by an antisense oligodeoxynudeotide(ODN) on visceral hypersensitivity. Methods The visceral hypersensitivity animal models induced by giving neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats colorectal distention(CRD) after postnatal days 8, 10 and 12. Animals were injected intrathecally either Navl. 8 antisense ODN (research group) or mismatch ODN (control group) twice a day for 3 days at the 8th week. After that, the expression of Navl. 8 in each group was examined by RT-PCR, and abdomiral withdrawal reflex(AWR) score and spinal c-Fos expression were evaluated to assess whether the intervention can relieve the visceral hypersensitivity. Results After intrathecal injection with the antisense ODN, the expression of Navl. 8 in each group decreased.AWR score and the number of c-Fos positive neurons in the spinal cord, especially in the area 1 and 3, decreased in the model group, while they did not change in the control group. Conclusions Interventing the expression of Nav1.8 may relieve the visceral hypersensitivity in this model of irritable bowel syndrome.

Objective:To study direct medical cost of hypertensive patients without complicated disea-ses,to analyze substitution impacts of outpatient expenditure on inpatient expenditure,and then to make recommendations to health policy makers and hypertensive patients for managing hypertension.Methods:The claims data of hypertensive patients insured by the rural new cooperative medical scheme in a city in northern China from 2008 to 201 3 were analyzed,descriptive statistics employed to analyze direct medical cost of hypertensive patients and hypertensive patients without complicated diseases which was one of the three groups divided by medical treatment conditions (hypertension without complicated diseases,hyper-tension with complicated diseases,and other diseases),and the differences between groups compared by t test.The fixed effect two-part model was employed to analyze the substitution effect of outpatient services on inpatient services,and specific effects of outpatient times and reimbursement expenses on the inpatient expenditure were calculated by Logistic regression analysis.Results:For the hypertensive pa-tients,the average cost of outpatients was 283.49 Yuan in 2008 and rose to 370.93 Yuan in 201 3.After being divided into three groups,for hypertensive patients without complicated diseases,the average cost of outpatient was 449.79 Yuan in 2008 and rose to 582.53 Yuan in 201 3.In the total cost of the outpa-tient,45.73% was for the hypertensive patients without complicated diseases;in the total cost of the in-patient,only 9.29% was for the hypertensive patients without complicated diseases.By calculating the marginal effect of parameter estimation through the fixed effect two-part model,the inpatient cost could be significantly reduced by increasing the visit times of outpatient utilization or the cost of outpatient reim-bursement.For example,in 201 3,a 1 % rise of outpatient visit times increased outpatient expenditures by 6.48 million Yuan,which could reduce inpatient expenditures by 39.86 million Yuan.The substitu-ted ratio of outpatient cost on inpatient cost had been around 5 in 201 0 and later.Conclusion:The health policy-makers and hypertensive patients should pay more attentions to the substitution of outpatient cost for inpatient cost,especially for the hypertensive patients without complicated diseases whose direct medical cost was mainly due to outpatient rather than inpatient costs.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the activity of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in cerulein-induced pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J. Methods The in vivo model of AP was induced by cerulean treated pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J, then RPM and AG490 were given for intervention. Western blot was used to determine theexpressions of JAK1 and phosphorylation JAK1 ( P JAK1 ) , STAT1, PSTAT1 and TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6. The expressions of IL-6, IL-1 β, and TNFα mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. Survival rate of cells was evaluated by trypan blue stain. Results The relative expressions of JAK1, P JAK1, STAT1, P STAT1 and TNF-o, IL-1β, IL 6 without cerulean treatment were 0.09 ±0.04,0.14 ±0.08,0.21 ±0.09,0.12 ±0.12,0.10 ±0.02,0.08 ± 0.03,0.02 ± 0.02. After cerulean treatment, the expressions of abovementioned protein increased in a time-dependant manner, the expressions at 24h were 0.53 ± 0.09,0.53 ± 0.13,0.56 ± 0.09,0.55 ± 0.10,0.25 ± 0.04,0.25 ±0.09,0.27 ±0.07, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜0.05). 2 4 h after RPM and AG 4 9 0 inhibition, the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6 proteins significantly decreased to 0.17 ± 0.03and 0.17 ± 0.01,0.15 ± 0.05 and 0.14 ± 0.07,0.19 ± 0.04 and 0.19 ± 0.05; their expressions of mRNA significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The cell survival rates in RPM and AG490 treatment group were (72.4 ± 11.2) %, (69.7 ± 9.8 ) %, and in cerulein-stimulated cells (42.2 ± 12.3 ) % ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway was involved in pancreatic inflammatory response with cerulein stimulation. Early treatment with inhibitors to the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway might control the inflammatory response in acute pancreatitis.

Objective To explore the value of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and blood lactic acid (Lac) on evaluation of severity and prognosis in patients with septic myocardial dysfunction (SMD). Methods According to retrospective analysis of clinical data,161 cases with sepsis were divided in to SMD group and non-SMD group. And the SMD group was further divided in to death group and survival group. Blood cTnI, BNP and Lac value in each group were detected respectively. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the forecast value of cTnI, BNP and Lac on prognosis for patients. Results The value of cTnI, BNP and Lac in SMD group were significantly higher than those in non-SMD group(P<0.05);The value of cTnI, BNP and Lac in death group among the SMD patients were significantly higher than those in survival group(P<0.05);cTnI, BNP and Lac contribute to predict the 28 day mortality rate of SMD. Conclusions Blood cTnI, BNP and Lac contributes to the assessment of the severity and the prognosis of septic patients with myocardial dysfunction.

Objective To look for and confirm the downstream regulated gene of microRNA (miRNA)-148a in pancreatic cancer cell line.Methods The target gene regulated by miRNA-148a was predicted through bio-informatics analysis.The plasmid containing desired gene and with luciferase 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) reporter was constructed.Pancreatic cancer cells BXPC-3 were transfected with analogs and inhibitors of miRNA-148a by liposomes.The activity of luciferase was measured to determine whether miRNA-148a directly connected with desired gene.The expression level of miRNA-148a was changed in BXPC-3 cells,and the changes of target gene v-verb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (awian) (ErbB3) expression were detected by Western blot at protein level.The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA.Results There was a conservative binding site of ErbB3 with miRNA-148a detected by bio-informatics analysis,miRNA-148a directly combined with ErbB3 and the activity of luciferase decreased to (25.00+47.00) ％ of the negative control (F=4.66,P＜ 0.01).After miRNA-148a overexpression,the gray value of ErbB3 expression in BXPC-3 cells decreased to (26.16±4.69)％ of control group (F=6.563,P＜0.05).Conclusion miRNA-148a directly targeted and regulated the expression of ErbB3 in pancreatic cancer cell line BXPC-3.

Objective Clinical effects of dot from body skin irradiated xenogeneic skin improved composite graft.Methods Selected 80 patients with severe burn patients randomized after admission on the basis of conventional treatment,3-5 days line Crust treatment group transplanted autologous point-like skin irradiation pigskin coverage.Results Treatment of patients in group one week dressing see irradiated pigskin Tiefu full two weeks the pigskin was dry scab-like.Wound healing treatment group (29 ± 5) days (P ＜ 0.01) was significantly shorter than the control group(39 ±4) days.Wound healing rate of treatment is significantly higher than the control group (P ＜0.01).Wound infection rate reduced greatly reduce labor intensity and dressing,and reduce pain.1 year after scar formation in patients with good flexibility and functionality.Conclusions Punctate since improved composite body skin irradiated xenogeneic skin transplantation can improve skin graft survival rate,promote wound healing,treatment of a large area of the burn wound repair is feasible and effective.

Diagnosis related groups (DRGs)have been widely used in many countries and regions.The versions of DRGs in different regions are modified according to the local circumstances and conditions.Beijing version DRGs (BJ-DRGs)is the first DRGs system in Chinese,which was developed locally based on the conditions of medical information system and health relative policies in Beijing.This paper introduced the grouping principles,logic and methodology of BJ-DRGs.Taking“ear,nose,mouth and throat disorders”for example,this paper demonstrated the grouping process of BJ-DRGs.