Brain size abnormality is correlated with an increased frequency of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Genetic analysis indicates that heterozygous mutations of the WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) are associated with ASD. However, biological evidence is still lacking. Our study showed that Wdr62 knockout (KO) led to reduced brain size with impaired learning and memory, as well as ASD-like behaviors in mice. Interestingly, Wdr62 Nex-cKO mice (depletion of WDR62 in differentiated neurons) had a largely normal brain size but with aberrant social interactions and repetitive behaviors. WDR62 regulated dendritic spinogenesis and excitatory synaptic transmission in cortical pyramidal neurons. Finally, we revealed that retinoic acid gavages significantly alleviated ASD-like behaviors in mice with WDR62 haploinsufficiency, probably by complementing the expression of ASD and synapse-related genes. Our findings provide a new perspective on the relationship between the microcephaly gene WDR62 and ASD etiology that will benefit clinical diagnosis and intervention of ASD.
Mice ; Animals ; Microcephaly/genetics* ; Autistic Disorder/metabolism* ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/metabolism* ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism* ; Brain/metabolism* ; Mice, Knockout ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism*

Objective:To explore the effect of continuous nursing based on video consultation in the maintenance treatment period of children with leukemia.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2019, convenience sampling was used to select 100 children with leukemia in the maintenance period who were treated in Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital and their guardians as the research object. Using random number table method, children were divided into control group and intervention group, with 50 cases in each group. Control group used routine continuous nursing, and intervention group implemented continuous nursing based on video consultation. A questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the differences in anxiety symptoms between the two groups of children before and after the intervention for three months, and the treatment compliance and the incidence of complications of the two groups were counted at the time of the intervention for three months.Results:After intervention, scores of separation anxiety, fear of physical injury, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety and the total score of anxiety symptoms in intervention group were lower than those in control group. The treatment compliance of children in intervention group was higher than that in control group (94.0% vs. 76.0%) . The incidence of complications of children in intervention group was lower than that of control group (6.0% vs. 22.0%) . The differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The application of continuous nursing based on video consultation in the maintenance treatment period of children with leukemia can improve children's anxiety and treatment compliance, and reduce the incidence of complications, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the expression of microRNA-424-5p (miR-424-5p) and orthodenticle homeobox 1 (OTX1) gene in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue,and the effects of miR-424-5p on the proliferation,migration and invasion of CRC cells HCT116.Methods A total of 60 patients with CRC were collected from June 2017 to June 2018 in Department of Colorectal Surgery of Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-424-5p and OTX1 mRNA in 60 cases of CRC tissues,para-carcinoma tissues and CRC cell lines.The correlation between the expression of miR-424-5p and OTX1 gene was further analyzed.miR-NC (miR-NC group) and miR-424-5p-mimic (miR-424-5p-mimic group) were transfected into HCT116 cells.CCK-8 assay,scratch assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of miR-424-5p on the proliferation,migration and invasion of HCT116 cells.The effect of miR-424-5p on the expression of OTX1 protein was detected by Western blotting.The luciferase report assay was used to detect the influence of miR-424-5p on the luciferase activity of OTX1-3'UTR vector.Results The relative expressions of OTX1 mRNA in CRC tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were 1.049 ±0.446 and 0.639 ±0.178 (t =-6.583,P ＜0.001);and the relative expression of miR-424-5p in CRC tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were 0.865 ± 0.261 and 1.329 ± 0.387 (t =7.705,P ＜ 0.001),with statistically significant differences.Negative correlation was found between the expression of miR-424-5p and OTX1 mRNA in CRC tissues (r =-0.439,P =0.015).The absorbance values of HCT116 cells transfected with miR-424-5p-mimic were 0.813 ± 0.064,0.960 ± 0.098,1.287 ± 0.192 on 72,96 and 120 hours respectively,and those of HCT116 cells transfected with miR-NC were 1.163 ±0.158,1.645 ±0.117 and 2.043 ±0.236.The proliferation ability of miR-424-5p-mimic group was lower than that of miR-NC group and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t =3.538,P =0.024;t =7.778,P =0.001;t =4.257,P =0.013).The scratch assay showed that the migration of HCT116 cells in miR-424-5p-mimic group was inhibited as compared with miR-NC group.The numbers of cells permeating septum of miR-NC and miR-424-5p-mimic group were 177.104 ± 17.834 and 35.667 ± 13.634,and the difference was statistically significant (t =15.246,P ＜ 0.001).The relative expressions of OTX1 protein in miR-NC and miR-424-5p-mimic group were 0.862 ±0.121 and 0.342 ±0.103 respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =16.286,P ＜ 0.001).Luciferase report assay showed that the luciferase activities of wt-OTX1-3'UTR and mut-OTX1-3'UTR vector were 0.305 ± 0.095 and 0.898 ± 0.080 after over expression of miR-424-5p,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion The expressions of miR-424-5p and OTX1 mRNA are negatively correlated in CRC tissue.miR-424-5p can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of CRC cells by down-regulating the expression of OTX1.

Objective To investigate the effect of TRAIL on NB4 and K562 cell lines, and its relationship with TRAIL releptors.Methods Jurkat cells were used as positive control,NB4 and K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of TRAIL. Cell morphologic changes were monitored. The cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. The expression of TRAIL receptor were determined by flow cytometry.Results MTT assay showed that TRAIL inhibited the growth of NB4 and Jurkat cells in vitro in a dose-and time-dependent manner,but the effect of TRAIL on Jurkat cells was stronger than that on NB4 cells.However, the growth of K562 was not inhibited. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that DR4,DR5 and DcR1 were expressed higher in NB4 and K562 cells, but the levels of DR4 and DcR1 were very low in K562 cells.DR5 was expressed in Jurakat cells with low level. No DcR2 was detected on the surface of all the three cell lines.Conclusion NB4 cell line is moderately sensitive to TRAIL,and K562 cell line is resistant to TRAIL.The sensitivity of NB4 cells to TRAIL may be associated with the expression of DcR1, but the sensitivity of K562 cells have nothing to do with the expression of TRAIL receptors.

Objective A retrospective study to evaluate the feasibility of the sequential treatment of extrahepatic bile duct calculus and acute gallstone pancreatitis using the technique of combination of duodenoscope, laparoscope and choledochoscope in one anesthetic session. Methods 112 patients with extrahepatic bile duct calculus (including 23 patients associated with acute gallstone pancreatitis) were treated using this technique. The data were analyzed. Results The technique was successfully carried out in 102 patients but 10 patients had to be treated by conventional open operation.For the patients treated by this technique, 16 patients were treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus choledochotomy. The stones were removed through a choledochoscope, and the bile duct was drained by a T-tube (LCTD). 18 patients were treated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The choledocholiths were removed by a choledochoscope through the cystic duct. 22 patients were treated by choledochotomy, and the calculus was removed through a choledochoscope and the bile duct was primarily sutured. 46 patients were treated by endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) plus LC, choledochotomy. The calculi were through a choledochoscope and followed by primary suture of the bile duct. The mean time of endoscopic treatment, LC and postoperative hospital day were 35 min, 110 min and 6.5 d respectively. None of the 102 patients died after operation. 9 patients developed complications of ERCP or EST including acute pancreatitis (n=6), hemorrhage of papilla duodeni (n=2) and duodenal perforation (n= 1). 11 patients developed biliary fistula after primary suturing of the choledochus and they recovered with drainage; 2 patients developed residual or recurrent biliary fistula after the T tube was removed and they recovered after drainage via a [aparoscope. During follow-up for 1 to 3 years using ultrasonic or MRCP examinations, 3 cases of stones were found and they were removed by EST. There was no stenosis of common bile duct. Conclusions Our results suggested that the three-endoscope-combination in one anesthetic session for the treatment of extrahepatic bile duct calculi and acute gallstone pancreatitis was safe and efficacious. Moreover, this technique reduced the complications of EST. This technique increased the success rate using minimal invasive surgery.

Objective To discuss the critical effect of studying and producing the practical cleaning stomach machine of once for all. Methods The process of the cleaning stomach by using the center loaded pressure system equipment was imitated, and the time of the liquid inside and outside, the whole cleaning time and the problems appeared during the cleaning stomach process was recorded. Results After finishing designing the equipment,the mimic stomach was used for critical experiment, all kinds of connecting tubes were airtight and no leaking air and water phenomena, the cleaning process was successful and it could save time to achieve the designing goal.Conclusion The cleaning stomach machine of once for all produced by using the center loaded pressure system had well solved the tube sterilized problems appeared by cleaning machine on hand, and could reduce the risk of hospital inflecting, the cleaning stomach effect was comparatively good,it had practical value and deserve to critical expanding.

Objective To investigate the effects of different dialysates on expression of protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) and apoptosis of U937 cell line. Methods Different dialysates were added into culture fluid with U937 cell line at exponential phase of growth, and groups were divided: fluid A+fluid B group (dialysate A+dialysate B), fluid A+fluid B+rottlerin (PKCδ specific inhibitor)group, fluid A+powder B group (dialysate A+powder B) and fluid A+powder B + rottlerin group. Besides, blank control group and normal control group were established. Cells were harvested 24 h and 48 h after treatment, morphological changes were observed by Hoechst33258 fluorescence staining, cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining, and expression of PKCδ mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results Cell apoptosis significantly increased in fluid A+powder B group, with typical morphology of apoptosis. After treatment for 24 h and 48 h, cell apoptosis rates in fluid A+powder B group were significantly higher than those at corresponding time points in blank control group , normal control group and fluid A+powder B+rottlerin group (P<0.05). Compared with normal control group, blank control group and fluid A+powder B+rottlerin group, the expression of PKCδ mRNA and protein of U937 cells in fluid A+powder B group were significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in cell apoptosis rates and expression of PKCδ mRNA and protein between fluid A+fluid B group and blank control group, normal control group and fluid A+fluid B+rottlerin group (P＞0.05). Conclusion Fluid A+powder B can significantly increase apoptosis of U937 cell line, the mechanism of which may be associated with the up-regulation of expression of PKCδ. Compared with fluid A+powder B, fluid A+fluid B is superior in reducing apoptosis of peripheral blood monouclear cells.

In recent years,many attentions have been attracted by statin-associated neuromuscular complications.This paper reviewed the incidence,pathogenesis,risk factors,and management of statin-associated neuromuscular complications.

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the labeling of label contents of injections in China.METHODS: The label contents of 319 kinds of injections in our hospital including dripping bottle,infusion bag,Peniciline vial,ampule,and pre-rinsing injector were investigated and analyzed in accordance with the "Rule on the Management of Package Inserts and Labeling".RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The problem lies in the labeling of injections manifested as incomplete of label items and fuzzy printing etc.Medical institutions,pharmaceutical enterprises and drug monitoring institutions should attach great importance to the label contents of injections.

30%) might be a risk factor in HAPE susceptibility.