Surface-activated LTIA carbon endocardial pacing electrode has outstanding electrical properties, which has proved by experiments in vitro and animals. This paper reports its results of clinical application. The statistical analysis is given by comparing parameters of electrical properties between LTIA carbon electrode and Pt electrode, which were measured in the operations. The results showed that LTIA carbon endocardial pacing electrode has a lower pacing thresholt, a better sensing characteristic, and is easy to be lixedin

Objective To observe the influence of early postoperative enteral feeding on gastrointestinal motility after subtotal gastrectomy. Methods From December 1999 to February 2001,18 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had underwent gastrectomy were randomly allocated into enteral nutrition(EN) group ( n =9) and control group( n =9). The migrating motor complex (MMC) was recorded by Synectics MicroDigitrapper antroduodenal manometry and data was analyzed by Polygram software. Results MMC disappeared after subtotal gastrectomy in all patients,the first MMC recurred from 34 mins to 4 hours after the operation,while there was no significant difference between two groups. However,MMC in EN group was different from those in normal group which was lack of phase -Ⅱ at the early postoperative stage,the variation of MMC trended to become normal during 72 hours of consecutive observation. Compared with control group,the duration of MMC-phase-Ⅲ,area under the curve,transmit speed and motility index were different in EN group. Conclusion Early postoperative enteral feeding can help re-build the normal gastrointestinal motility .Further studies about patients' selections and nutrition preparations are needed.

Objective To invetigate the application value of antigen‐antibody joint detection in increasing the detection rate of hepatitis C infection in the patients with hemodialysis .Methods The clinical data of 100 cases of hemodialysis were collected .Hep‐atitis C virus(HCV) core antigen ,HCV antibody and HCV‐RNA were detected by adopting ELISA ,Chemiluminescence and RT‐PCR respectively .The positive expression situation of each detection item in the same specimen was performed statistics .The detec‐tion rates of RNA positive specimen were compared among the single antigen detection ,single antibody detection and joint detection schemes ;at the same time the antigen level of antigen positive specimens ant its RNA copy number were performed the correlation analysis .The antibody levels in the positive antibody specimens were compared between the RNA positive group and the RNA neg‐ative group .Results The single antigen or single antibody detection could cause the missed detection of HCV infection in hemodial‐ysis patients .For the specimens of positive RNA ,the joint detection had the highest detection rate (P<0 .05) ,the antigen level in the antigen positive specimens was positively correlated with the RNA copy number in the corresponding specimens (r=0 .85 ,P<0 .05) ,while the antibody level in the antibody positive specimens had no statistical difference between the RNA positive group and the RNA negative group(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The joint detection of HCV antigen antibody can effectively increase the detection rate of hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients .At the same time the HCV core antigen detection also can be used as one of monitoring indicators for the HCV re -infection in the patients with antibody positive .

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of triamcinolone acetonide acetonide ( TAA) and chloramphenicol in the cream. Methods:The chromatographic system consisted of a ZORBAX SB-C18 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol and phosphate buffer with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 240nm, the column temperature was ambient, and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The calibration curve was linear for TAA and chloramphenicol within the concentration range of 6. 12-48. 96 μg·ml-1 and 62. 1-745. 2 μg·ml-1 with the recovery of 99. 7% (RSD=1. 3%, n=9) and 99. 4%(RSD=1. 0%, n=9), respectively. Conclusion: The method is sensitive, accurate and specific, and can be used to control the quality of chloramphenicol and triamcinolone acetonide acetate cream.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of chloramphenicol in chloramphenicol vaginal tablets. Methods:An Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm)was used. The mobile phase was composed of 0. 1% sodi-um 1-heptanesulfonate solution-methanol (68∶32),the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the UV detection wavelength was 277 nm,the column temperature was 35℃,and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results:The linear range of chloramphenicol was 25. 6-512. 0 μg ·ml-1(r=0. 999 9). The mean recovery was 99. 4%, and RSD was 0. 8%(n=9). Conclusion:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used in the determination of chloramphenicol vaginal tablets.

Translational medicine is a totally new concept which could basically eliminate the barrier between basic medicine and clinical medicine and shorten the process of‘bench to bedside’Throughout the history of the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis,we found that changes of treatment concept at each historical stage were the results of‘translational medicine’under the technical and cognitive condition at that time.This paper elaborated on the important role of translational medicine based on the diagnosing and treating development of acute pancreatitis as well as discussed the medical teaching and research under the mode of translational medicine.

Objective:To establish an HPLC-DAD-ELSD method for the simultaneous determination of neomycin sulfate and hy-drochloric dyclonine in compound Twaln ointments. Methods:The assay was performed on an Agilent ZOR BAXSB-C18 column(250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm) with acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength of DAD was 282 nm. The evaporator temperature of ELSD was set at 50℃ and the nebulizer temperature was set at 60℃with the gas flow rate of 1. 6 L·min-1 . The column temperature was kept at 35℃. Results:The linear range of neomycin sulfate was 141. 54-323. 52 μg·mL-1(r=0. 999 6) with the average recovery of 98. 87%(RSD=0. 95%, n=9). The linear range of hydro-chloric dyclonine was 28. 00-64. 00 μg·mL-1(r=0. 999 6) with the average recovery of 99. 57%(RSD=1. 10%, n=9). Conclu-sion:The method is accurate, sensitive and reproducible, and under the same chromatographic conditions, the determination of all the active ingredients in compound Twaln ointments is achieved, which provides basis for the quality control.

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of constitutive androstane receptor(CAR)in placenta syntrophoblast from patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP).Methods Placenta were collected from women with ICP who delivered from April 2009 to March 2010 in First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.According to the severity of ICP,patients were classified into mild ICP group(n=10)and severe ICP group(n=10).Ten healthy pregnant women who delivered in the same period were chosen as control group.The location of CAR protein in placenta was studied by immunohistochemical streptavidin-biotin complex(SABC)method.CAR mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription(RT)-PCR technique and CAR protein expression level was determined by western blot.Results(1)CAR was located in the placenta syncytiotrophoblastic cells in control group and mild ICP group,showed light tan when stained,and was mainly in the cytoplasm.In severe ICP group,CAR was also located in placenta syncytiotrophoblastic cells but mainly in the nucleolus,showed dark tan when stained.(2)The mRNA expressions of CAR in control group,mild ICP group,severe ICP group were 0.06 ±0.03,0.07 ±0.03 and 0.56±0.03.respectively.CAR in severe ICP group was significantly higher than those in control group and mild ICP group(P＜0.05).The difference of mRNA between control group and mild ICP group wag not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(3)The CAR protein levels in control group,mild ICP group,severe ICP group were 0.74±0.03,0.79±01 03 and 1.02±0.04,respectively.CAR protein expression in the severe ICP group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P＜0.05).And there was no statistical significance between mild group and control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion In ICP women.especially severe ICP patients,the CAR expression in placenta syncytiotrophoblastic cells increased appreciably,which may be involved in the maintenance of placenta barrier function and protection in ICP pathogenesis.

BACKGROUND:Isoflurane cannot only induce a wide range of large neuronal apoptosis, but also inhibit hippocampal neurogenesis in neonatal rats, thereby resulting in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory defects.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the isoflurane effect on proliferation and differentiation of the hippocampal neural stem cels.
METHODS:Twenty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into air group and isoflurane group (n=13 per group). Rats in the isoflurane group were subjected to 2.5% isoflurane inhalation for 3 minutes folowed by 1.5% isoflurane inhalation for 4 hours. Rats in the air group only breathed in air. After the intervention, blood glucose and arterial blood gas changes were detected in the two groups. Additionaly, rats in the two groups were given intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromodeoxyuridine before and after intervention. At 24 hours after the last injection of 5-bromodeoxyuridine, brain tissues were taken to make frozen sections for immunofluorescence staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no significant difference in pH, PaO2, PaCO2, HCO3, BE and SaO2 levels between the two groups (P> 0.05). Compared with the air group, the number of BrdU+ cels was significantly less in the isoflurane group (P < 0.05), while the number of NeuroD+/BrdU+ cels was significantly higher in the isoflurane group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 23% in the isoflurane group, which was significantly higher than that in the air group (7.7%;P < 0.05). These findings indicate that isoflurane can inhibit the proliferation of neural stem cels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and promote their differentiation into neurons.

Objective To evaluate the effect of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture,C2-C3 disc injury on stability of C1-C2 and C2-C3 segments and investigate the clinical significance.Methods Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric cervical specimens (5 men and 5 women; 25-45 years of age,mean 35.7 years) were selected to test the stability of C1-C2 and C2-C3 segments in the settings of intact condition (control group),type Ⅰ Hangman fracture,type Ⅱ odontoid fracture,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture + C2-C3 disc injury.Range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ) of those segments were measured.Results Compared with the intact condition,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture produced no significant variations in C1-C2 ROM in all loading modes and C2-C3 ROM during left and right lateral bending; type Ⅱ odontoid fracture produced no significant variations in C2-C3 ROM in all loading modes and C1-C2 ROM during left and right rotation; type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture revealed no significant variations in C1-C2 ROM during left and right rotation and C2-C3 ROM during extention; type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture + C2-C3 disc injury produced no significant variations in C1-C2 ROM during left and right lateral bending and extension-flextion and C2-C3 ROM in all loading modes (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Type Ⅰ Hangman fracture can reserve C1-C2 segmental left and right rotation and extension-flextion; type Ⅱ odontoid fracture can reserve C1-C2 segmental left and right lateral bending and extension-flextion; type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture + C2-C3 disc injury can reverse atlantoaxial rotationary stability and C1-C3 segmental stability in all directions.This study provides the biomechanical basis for clinical treatments and the related researches of internal fixation.