This study was aimed to observe influence of disease/syndrome on the toxicity and effect of aconite roots, in order to reveal relationship among disease/syndrome, toxicity and effect. The mice model of cold syn-drome was establish by wind-cold stimulation. The pain model was established by intraperitioneal injection of glacial acetic acid. Then, LD50 and ED50 of analgesic effect were compared, as well as the therapeutic index (TI) of crude aconite roots. The rat model of cold syndrome was also established by wind-cold stimulation. And the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model was established by intracutaneous injection of CII and CFA. TD50 of cardiac toxic-ity and arthroncus degree of prepared aconite roots were compared among the normal rats, RA rats, RA with wind-cold stimulation rats according to the recording of lead II ECG. The results showed that after wind-cold stimulation, mice and rats appeared with symptoms which were similar to Chinese medicine cold syndrome. Com-pared with normal mice, LD50 and TI increased, but ED50 decreased in the group of wind-cold stimulation after using powders of crude aconite roots. Compared with normal rats, TD50 of cardiac toxicity and arthroncus degree in-creased in groups of RA and RA with wind-cold stimulation after using prepared aconite roots. It was concluded that in the case of disease/syndrome state, the toxicity of aconite roots decreased, but its effect increased. It sug-gested that there is a significant correlation among disease/syndrome, toxicity and effect.

Fibromyalgia syndrome （FMS） is a refractory， chronic non-articular rheumatic disease characterized by widespread pain throughout the body， for which there are no satisfactory therapeutic drugs or options. There are rich Chinese medical therapies， and some non-drug therapies， such as acupuncture， Tai Chi， and Ba-Duan-Jin， have shown satisfactory efficacy and safety and definite advantages of simultaneously adjusting mind and body. FMS is taken as a disease responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. In order to clarify the research progress in FMS and the clinical advantages of TCM/integrated Chinese and Western medicine， the China Academy of Chinese Medicine organized a seminar for nearly 20 experts in Chinese and Western medicine， including rheumatology， psychology， acupuncture and moxibustion， and encephalopathy， with the topic of difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment of FMS and advantages of TCM and Western medicine. The recommendations were reached on the difficulties in early diagnosis and solutions of FMS， mitigation of common non-specific symptoms， preferential analgesic therapy， TCM pathogenesis and treatment advantages， and direction of treatment with integrated Chinese and Western medicine. FMS is currently facing the triple dilemma of low early correct diagnosis， poor patient participation， and unsatisfactory benefit from pure Western medicine treatment. To solve the above problems， this paper suggests that rheumatologists should serve as the main diagnostic force of this disease， and they should improve patient participation in treatment decision-making， implement exercise therapy， and fully utilize the holistic and multidimensional features of TCM， which is effective in alleviating pain， improving mood， and decreasing adverse events. In addition， it is suggested that FMS treatment should rely on both TCM and Western medicine and adopt multidisciplinary joint treatment， which is expected to improve the standard of diagnosis and treatment of FMS in China.