92 type 2 diabetics with DPN were treated by cobamamide (n=46) vs vitamin B12 (n=46) for 4 weeks.Cobamamide improved the spontaneous pain, numbness of limbs, nerve reflection and nerve conduction velocities in higher rates as compared with vitamin B12 treatment, and did not cause obvious adverse reactions.

92 type 2 diabetics with DPN were treated by cobamamide (n=46) vs vitamin B12 (n=46) for 4 weeks.Cobamamide improved the spontaneous pain, numbness of limbs, nerve reflection and nerve conduction velocities in higher rates as compared with vitamin B12 treatment, and did not cause obvious adverse reactions.

AIM: To observe skeletal muscle damage of mdx mice after overload exercise, and protection to muscle damage induced by exercise due to myoblast transplantation (MTT). METHODS: Muscle samples of C 57 mice were minced and digested with trypsin, and myoblasts were cultured ex vivo , purified and detected by immunohistochemistry stains. The myoblasts were injected into muscle of left limb of mdx mice, whereas the right limb was injected with DMEM liquid as control. Mice were submitted to exercise for 3 days starting 1 month after MTT, and then Evans blue was injected intravenously through the tail vein. The muscle cryostat sections of mdx mice were made, and then detected the immunofluorescence of dystrophin. Under a fluorescence microscope, the number of fiber stained with Evans blue and dystrophin was counted, analyzed quantitatively with image software. RESULTS: Under a fluorescence microscope, only 10 37%?2 87% muscle fibers in the myoblast grafted muscles were stained with Evans blue. In contrast, 26 82%?14 85% muscle fibers in right control muscles were stained. Significant differences between these two groups were showed ( P

AIM: To investigate the correlation between the expression of neuron-specific protein and apoptosis in the process of differentiation from rat bone marrow stromal cells into neuron with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). METHODS: The 5th passage MSCs were induced by BDNF and 2-mercaptoethanol (?-ME), respectively. At 1 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, nestin, neuron specific enolase (NSE), microtubulease associated protein (MAP)-2 and glail fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by Western blotting. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Nestin and NSE of neuron-like cells induced by BDNF and ?-ME were all positive by Western blotting. At 12 h, nestin and NSE turned to negative and apoptosis was detected in ?-ME group, nestin and NSE still positive and apoptosis wasn't detected in BDNF group. Till 24 h, nestin and NSE in BDNF group were negative but apoptosis still not detected. Notably, GFAP (glial astrocyte marker) was detected and MAP-2 wasn't detected in the two induced groups. CONCLUSION: The down-expression of neuron-specific protein correspondingly with apoptosis in the process of differentiation from MSCs into neuron with ?-ME shows that apoptosis may be one of the causes of induced cell death. BDNF induction was not the cause of apoptosis. Other factors may include for the cell death in the presence of neuron-specific protein expression induced by BDNF.

Background and objective Low-dose spiral computed tomography(LDCT)has been recommended for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations.However,evidence from Chinese populations was limited due to the dif-ferent criteria for high-risk populations and the short-term follow-up period.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness in Chinese adults based on the Lung Cancer Screening Program in Minhang District of Shanghai initiated in 2013.Methods A total of 26,124 subjects aged 40 years or above were enrolled in the Lung Cancer Screening Program during the period of 2013 and 2017.Results of LDCT examination,and screen-detected cancer cases in all participants were obtained from the Report-ing System of the Lung Cancer Screening Program.The newly-diagnosed cases and their vital status up to December 31,2020 were identified through a record linkage with the Shanghai Cancer Registry and the Shanghai Vital Statistics.Standardized incidence ratio(SIR)and 95％CI were calculated using the local population at ages of 40 or above as the reference.Proportions of early-stage cancer(stage 0-Ⅰ),pathological types,and 5-year observed survival rates of lung cancer cases were estimated and compared between the cases derived from the screened and non-screened populations.Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the hazard ratio(HR)and 95％CI of LDCT screening with all-cause death of the lung cancer cases.Results The crude and age-standardized incidence of lung cancer in screened population were 373.3(95％CI:343.1-406.1)and 70.3 per 100,000 person-years,respectively,with an SIR of 1.8(95％CI:1.6-1.9),which was observed to decrease with following-up time.The early-stage cancer accounted for 49.4％of all lung cancer cases derived from the screened population,significantly higher than 38.4％in cases from the non-screened population during the same period(P＜0.05).The proportion of lung adenocarcinoma(40.7％vs 35.9％)and 5-year survival rate(53.7％vs 41.5％)were also significantly higher in the cases from the screened popu-lation(all P＜0.05).LDCT screening was associated with 30％(HR=0.7,95％CI:0.6-0.8)reduced all-cause deaths of the cases.Conclusion The participants of the screening program are at high-risk of lung cancer.LDCT favors the early-detection of lung cancer and improves 5-year survival of the screened cases,indicating a great potential of LDCT in reducing the disease burden of lung cancer in Chinese populations.

In this review, recent progress in the extraction and purification, and the chemical composition analysis of triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum was summarized. Triterpenoids are an important class of active components in G. lucidum. Because of its low content, complex procedures of extraction and purification, the preparation of high purity triterpenoids from G. lucidum is currently limited at the laboratory scale. This review discussed the industrial preparation of triterpenoids, aiming to promote the industrial development of G. lucidum, and to provide scientific basis for its study, production, and application in health food and medicine.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Reishi ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

With the changing disease spectrum, the incidence of tumors is increasing and tends to occur among the youth. The long-term survival rate of patients with cancer has increased significantly, and attention to their reproductive rights is growing. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy are the conventional treatment methods for cancer, with each exerting different effects on the fertility of patients. Common fertility preservation techniques currently include sperm cryopreservation, embryo and oocyte cryopreservation, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, uterine transplantation, and assisted reproductive technology. This article systematically summarizes the influence of different antitumor treatments on fertility, as well as the current status and prospects of fertility preservation in patients with cancer. This study aims to improve cooperation between clinical oncologists and reproductive medicine doctors to enhance fertility preservation for patients with cancer.