Although children are susceptible to infectious diseases, the cases of children infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV)is relatively low, and the proportion of severe illnesses is even lower.The reason is that the 2019-nCoV cell receptor has low binding capacity in children or the induced intracellular response is low, children’s immune system is immature, lymphocyte depletion and inflammatory factor storms are rare in children, and China′s strict prevention and control measures have kept children away from 2019-nCoV.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of detection of serum procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP)and white blood cell (wBC)on diagnosis and treatment of severe pneumonia in children.Methods A total of 189 cases of pediatric patients with pneumonia including 51 severe pneumonia cases (severe pneumonia group)and 138 common pneumonia cases (common pneumonia group)treated from Mar 2014 to Dec 2014 and 30 healthy cases (control group)were enrolled,and the level of PCT,CRP and wBC of all cases were detected.Results The levels of PCT before treatment in severe pneumonia group,common pneumonia group,and control group were 1.12(0.44 ~3.07)ng /ml,0.14 (0.09 ~0.26) ng /ml and 0.03(0.01 ~0.06)ng /ml respectively,and there were significant differences among three groups (P ﹤0.05,respectively).The levels of CRP before treatment in severe pneumonia group,common pneumonia group,and control group were 82.2(25.9 ~120.3 )mg /L,10.8 (5.3 ~23.9)mg /L and 3.2 (2.1 ~6.9) mg /L respectively,and there were significant differences among three groups (P ﹤0.05,respectively).The counts of wBC before treatment in severe pneumonia group,common pneumonia group,and control group were 10.1 (9.1 ~14.1 )×109 /L,8.8(6.8 ~1 1.7)×109 /L and 6.2(4.8 ~7.9)×109 /L respectively,and there was significant difference only between severe pneumonia group and control group (P ﹤0.05 ).The level of PCT and CRP significantly decreased in severe pneumonia group after one week of treatment[PCT:0.15(0.09 ~0.24)ng /ml,CRP:9.9(3.6 ~19.0)mg /L](P ﹤0.05),but there was no significant differ-ence of wBC counts in severe pneumonia group between after and before treatment[8.5(6.3 ~9.8)×109 /L vs.10.1 (9.1 ~14.1 )×109 /L](t =1.312,P =0.205 ).After two days of anti-inflammatory treatment in severe pneumonia group,serum PCT dropped to 44% of the level before treatment,and smoothly dropped to nearly 10% of the basic value every two days.Serum PCT was correlated with serum CRP in children with pneumonia(R2 =0.550 4,P ﹤0.05).Conclusion The combined detection of PCT and CRP could provide important guidance for the differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis for severe pneumonia in children.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA/PA66) composites as a root canal filing material possess the basic physical and chemical properties, have antibacterial properties against the infection of medulary cavity, and have no cytotoxicity. However, it is rarely reported as a direct pulp capping agent.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological reaction of nHA/PA66 composites as the pulp capping agent.
METHODS:The first and second molars from 12 Wistar rats were selected to prepare class I cavities by exposing the dental pulp. Then, these rats were randomized into three groups and subjected to dental pulp capping using nHA/PA66 composite, nHA and calcium hydroxide, respectively, folowed by filing with glass ionomer cement. At 7 and 30 days after filing, histological changes of odontoblasts and microvessels in the dental pulp were observed using ink perfusion method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 7 days after filing, significant changes in dental pulp fibroblast proliferation, predentin thickening, dilation of blood vessels were observed in the nHA/PA66 group; only dental pulp fibroblast proliferation with no predentin thickening and dilation of blood vessels was found in the nHA group; in the calcium hydroxide group, the pulp tissues in the pulp chamber were mostly damaged, and obvious hyperplasia in dental pulp fibroblasts and certain inflammatory cel infiltration with vascular necrosis were observed. At 30 days after filing, predentin thickness was increased further, dental pulp fibroblasts proliferated, the number of odontoblasts increased, and dilation of blood vessels was observed in the nHA/PA66 group; predentin thickening and dilation of blood vessels were obviously visible in the nHA group; pulp necrosis was found on the pulp surface below the pitting pore, odontoblasts grew actively at the pulp junction, with no obvious thickening of the predentin, and there were dense vessels below the necrotic area. These findings indicate that the nHA/PA66 composite can induce the regeneration of dental pulp cels.

BACKGROUND:The mechanical properties of SonicFil ultrasonic resin are better than those of the traditional light-cured composite resin, but its effect on odontoblasts and dental pulp vessels is unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of SonicFil ultrasonic resin on odontoblasts and dental pulp vessels of rats using histological methods.
METHODS:Twenty-five Wistar rats are selected for experiment. Ninety-six teeth from the first and second molars were selected and randomly divided into SonicFil ultrasound resin group and Filtek Z350 nano resin group with 48 teeth in each group. Experimental teeth in each group were equaly subdivided into 7 days group and 30 days group. Besides, randomly selected five teeth with no intervention served as normal control group. After anesthesia and disinfection, class I cavities on the occlusal surface of the maxilary first and second molars were prepared and filed with SonicFil ultrasound resin and Filtek Z350 nano resin group, respectively. The rats were sacrificed by ink perfusion method, and tooth specimens were taken to observe the changes of odontoblasts and pulp microvessels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 7 days after filing, two groups had similar changes in the pulp presenting with mild inflammation. Besides, there were scattered inflammatory cels distributing in the cave pulp tissue, and in most of the specimens, odontoblasts arranged disorderly with little vacuoles and microvascular dilatation in the pulp. At 30 days after filing, in the SonicFil ultrasonic resin group, odontoblasts arranged orderly, inflammatory reaction and microvascular dilatation disappeared basicaly. In contrast, in the Filtek Z350 nano resin group, disordered odontoblasts decreased, inflammatory reaction weakened, as wel as microvascular dilatation became less. These results show that under the experimental condition, both of the SonicFil ultrasonic resin and Filtek SonicFil Z350 nano resin play certain roles in the formation of odontoblasts and dental pulp vessels, but over time al of these effects can automaticaly disappear.

Objective To analyse the significance of proto oncogene protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia.Methods 40 patients who were diagnosed with oral leukoplakia (OLK),40 patients who were diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),and at the same time, 40 healthy volunteers as control group were collected.the lesions and normal oral mucosa were taken as samples, left supernatant after grinding, MDM2 protein, p53 protein and Ki-67 protein were detected by ELISA in three groups,and analyse the correlation between three groups.Results Among three groups,MDM2, p53 expression:OSCC group>OLK group>control group (P<0.05).Ki-67 expression level among three groups, OSCC group>OLK group>control group (P<0.05).MDM2, p53, Ki-67 expression had a positive correlation in OSCC group and OLK group (P<0.05), but there was no obvious correlation in control group.Conclusion When oral leukoplakia developes into oral squamous cell carcinoma, MDM2, p53, Ki-67 shows high expression, and there is a positive correlation between MDM2, p53, Ki-67.

Objective To study the risk factors,clinical manifestations,drug sensitivity and outcomes of preterm infants with aerogenes infection in NICU.Method Preterm infants diagnosed to have infection of aerogenes in our NICU during July 2014 to October 2014 were selected as the infection group in our study.Uninfected preterm infants whose gestational age and birth weight were similar to the infants in infection group were selected as the control group.The ratio of number of infants in infection group and control group was 1 ∶ 2.The basic situation,clinical application of antibiotics before infection,defecation times,invasive manipulations,and parenteral nutrition time of the two groups were retrospectively collected.The clinical manifestations,drug sensitivity and outcomes of preterm infants with aerogenes infection were analyzed.Result There were 8 infants in infection group (male:female =3∶5).The birth weight ranged from 780 to 2 760 g;and gestational age from 28 to 33 w.There were 16 infants in the control group (male:female =1 ∶ 1).The birth weight ranged from 1 070 to 1 780 g,and gestational age,from 29 to 33 w.The incidence of prenatal infection in infection group was higher than that in the control group (3/8 vs.4/16,P ＜ 0.05).Comparing the two study groups,there were statistical differences between them in the following aspects (all P ＜ 0.05):non-invasive respiratory support time [11 (6,36) d vs.4 (0,6) d] and invasive mechanical ventilation time [(1 (0,6) d vs.0 (0,0) d].All the 8 infants in infection group had pneumonia,3 of them with sepsis (1 case was extremely low birth weight infant,and 2 cases were very low birth weight infants),and one of them died from septic shock.Drug sensitivity analysis showed that aerogenes were resistant to all the third generation cephalosporins,and were sensitive to Meropenem and Piperacillin/Tazobactam.The resistance rates of Imipenem were 1/6 in the first month,2/6 in the second month,9/11 in the third month,and 2/4 in the fourth month,respectively.Conclusion Avoidance of prenatal infection and shortening of the application of ventilator may reduce the incidence of aerogenes infection.Most of infants with aerogenes infection have favourable prognosis.The resistance rate of third generation cephalosporins is very high.Aerogenes could develop resistance quickly to the antibiotics which is sensitive initially.

Objective:To investigate the applied value of serum Cyfra21-1,NSE,CRP and SCCA and pleural effusion Cyfra21-1, NSE in pathological types, clinical stages and combination detection for diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods: Based on chemiluminescence immunoassay,the levels of serum NSE,Cyfra21-1,SCCA,CRP and pleural effusion NSE,Cyfra21-1 in 100 patients with lung cancer (case group) and 50 patients with benign diseases(control group) were determined.Results:The positive rates of serum Cyfra21-1,NSE,SCCA and pleural effusion NSE,Cyfra21-1 were significantly higher in case group than those in control group ( P<0.05).The positive rates of serum SCCA,Cyfra21-1,NSE in stageⅢ,Ⅳwere higher than stageⅠ,Ⅱ,the positive rates of serum CRP and the pleural effusion Cyfra21-1,NSE in stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ were higher than stage Ⅰ(P<0.05).The positive rates of serum and pleural effusion Cyfra21-1 were highest in squamous carcinoma ( P<0.05 ) , the positive rate of serum and pleural effusion NSE was highest in small cell carcinoma ( P<0.05 ) , and the positive rate of serum SCCA and CRP in patients were highest in squamous carcinoma ( P<0.05).The sensitivity of the combination detection of serum tumor markers in diagnosing lung cancer was significantly enhanced (P<0.05),however,the sensitivity of the combination detection of pleural effusion Cyfra21-1,NSE were not enhanced(P>0.05).Conclusion:The serum NSE, Cyfra21-1, CRP, SCCA and pleural effusion NSE, Cyfra21-1 play an important role in the diagnosis of lung cancer and contribute to the pathological type and TNM stage of lung cancer, the combination detection of tumor markers is helpful for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Objective This study was aimed to investigate the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in rats with acute methanol poisoning. Methods Animal models of acute methanol poisoning in rats were duplicated using a plexiglas chamber exposed to a mixture of N2O/O2. Right atrium venous blood of rats were taken at each time point (2 h, 12 h, 24 h,3 d,1 w), and gas chromatography was used to determine the methanol concentration of the rat blood (n=5) . Then got brain tissue to extract total RNA and reverse transcription (n=3) . SYBRGreen real-time PCR was used to monitor the expression of MCP-1 and VEGF mRNA. Results (1) Results of methanol concentration determination:The blood methanol concentration of the low-dose group was significantly increased in comparison with that of the saline control group at 2 h and 12 h time points ( < 0.05) . In the high-dose group, the blood methanol concentration was increased significantly compared with the low-dose group as well as the saline group at 2 h, 12 h and 24 h time points ( < 0.05); (2) The expression of MCP-1 mRNA: The expression level of MCP-1 were significantly enhanced along with the time lapse after acute poisoning,and became most severely at 24 h. The expression levels of MCP-1 have significant differences in groups,of which high-dose group was higher than low-dose group at 2 h, 3 d and 1 w ( <0.05);(3) The expression of VEGF mRNA:The expression level of VEGF was significantly enhanced along with the time lapse after acute poisoning,and became most severely at 24 h. The expression levels of MCP-1 have significant differences in groups,of which high-dose group was higher than low-dose group at 2 h and 12 h ( <0.05) . Conclusion The expression levels of MCP-1 and VEGF mRNA were significantly enhanced, and the degree of poisoning was apparently related with the dose administered. MCP-1 and VEGF might play the important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of brain injured.

Aim To observe the antifibrogenic effect of resveratrol on mice with schistosomiasis japonica and its effect on Th1 and Th2 responses .Methods Forty-five mice infected with S.japonicum cercariae for 3 weeks were randomly divided into three groups named as infection group ( A) , resveratrol group ( B) and praz-iquantel group ( C) .Fifteen normal mice were taken as normal control group ( D) .In the 13th week post-infec-tion, all mice were sacrificed and the liver tissues were removed.Histopathological changes were observed in the liver of all groups .Splenocytes were prepared from spleens of mice with S.japonicum infection and the proportions of Th1 and Th2 cells in T cells were deter-mined by FACS respectively .RT-PCR was used to de-tect the relative IFN-γ,IL-13,TGF-βmRNA levels in liver tissue .Results After treatment , the degrees of liver fibrosis in groups B and C decreased in the 13th week post-infection ( P <0.01 ) .Compared to group A, the proportions of Th1 cells in group B significantly increased ( P<0.05 ) and the proportions of Th 2 cells in group B decreased significantly ( P <0.01 ) .The level of anti-SWA IgG 2 a in group B was significantly higher ( P<0.05) , while the anti-SEA IgG1 level in group B was lower ( P <0.01 ) than that in group A . The hepatic expression of IFN-γmRNA level in group B was higher than that in group A ( P<0.05 ) , and IL-13 ,TGF-βmRNA levels in group B were lower than in group A ( P<0.01 ) .Conclusion Resveratrol has an antifibrogenic effect through upregulating Th 1 cell re-sponse and downregulating Th 2 cell response in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and the causes of two outbreaks of upper respiratory tract infection in our city. Methods: The epidemiological investigation was carried out on the outbreaks and the pharyngeal swabs were collected to do the pathophysiologic examination by using real-time PCR. Hexon gene of adenovirus was amplified by PCR. Then the positive products were sequenced and BLAST searching was done in GenBank. Results: The clinical symptoms of the two cases were high fever, sore throat and cough, etc, while the main signs were pharyngeal congestion and tonsil swelling; 32 students of a class in Yunxing primary school had respiratory infection related symptoms, of which the incidence rate was 55%; while 12 of 38 students in a class of Fangcun primary school were infected. All these students were on school in the same class, and the incidence was aggregate without proliferation. The duration of the disease was about 5 days and the prognosis was good, no death occurred. The positive result of real-time PCR showed adenovirus. BLAST search analysis on hexon gene showed AdV14. Conclusions According to epidemiological investigation and laboratory test results, the cause of these two outbreaks of upper respiratory tract infection was adenovirus type 14.