Objective To evaluate the feasibilities of the potential donors in liver cell transplantation using the human fetal hepatocytes and immortalized L-02 hepatocytes by comparing their biological features. Methods Human fetal hepatocytes were isolated from aborted fetal livers (gestational ages from 14 w to 24 w) by an improved two-stage perfusion method and cultured in a conditioned medium without any growth factors.?-fetal protein (AFP) and albumin (ALB) were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) was identified by cellular immunochemistry study.Immortalized L-02 hepatocytes were cultured in the same condition and the characteristic proteins were detected by the same methods.Results The viability of human fetal hepatocytes was approximately 95% using the perfusion method, and the maximum survival time of the cultured hepatocytes was 3 weeks.The expression of AFP, ALB, and CK19 was detected at the same time, especially during Day 3 to Day 7 in the culture.By comparison, the proliferation ability of L-02 hepatocyte was greater, although with a lower level of ALB secretion.The expression of AFP and CK19 was not detected.Furthermore, during the long culture, L-02 hepatocytes may undergo a morphologic change and fail to express ALB.Conclusion Human fetal hepatocyte may be a practical donor for hepatocyte transplantation with its high-level protein expression and potential bi-differentiation ability.In view of the absent expression of ALB and the morphologic change in culture, although with better proliferation, L-02 hepatocyte seems not useful for hepatocyte transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the association between maternal thyroid diseases in the first trimester of pregnancy and obstetric complications.Methods A total of 2 517 pregnant women from 10 hospitals in Shenyang during the first 12 weeks of gestation were enrolled in this study.All sera obtained from pregnant women were measured for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),free thyroxine ( FT4 ),and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb).Collected items include obstetric outcomes and complications.Results Serum TSH above 2.5 mlU/L during the first trimester of pregnancy increased the rate of spontaneous abortion ( 8.69％ vs 6.38％,P =0.048 ),even if subclinical hypothyroidism (9.50％ vs 6.38％,P =0.009).TSH above the gestational special reference range,passive smoking,and over 30 years were independent factors for increasing the rate of spontaneous abortion.Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism with drug treatment to maintain normal thyroid function during pregnancy reduced the incidence of spontaneous abortion.Increased or decreased levels of serum TSH and TPOAb(+) were not related with other obstetric complications.Conclusion Serum TSH above the gestational special reference range during the first trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor of spontaneous abortion; maintaining TSH within the normal range by treating hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism may reduce spontaneous abortion rate.

Objective To investigate the long-term results of gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flaps and suture anchors in reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon rupture.Methods From September 2007 to February 2010,20 patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture were reconstructed with gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flaps plus suture anchors.There were 13 males and 7 females at mean age of 36 years (range,23-50 years).Unilateral tendon rupture was observed in 19 patients and bilateral in 1 patient.Tendon defect gap was 5-9 cm (mean 6.7 cm).Braces were used to immobilize the lower limber,and early exercise was encouraged.The outcomes were assessed using Arner-Lindhohm scoring system and Leppilahti scoring system.Results Postoperative recovery was uneventful.No patients experienced cut infection or other complications.After a mean 38-month follow-up (range,30-42 months),all patients could stand on the injured toes.Muscular strength of the affected lower limber was restored to 89％ of the unaffected side.According to the Arner-Lindhohm score,10 patients were rated as excellent and ten good.Mean Leppilahti score was 85 points (range,60-100 points),with excellent results in nine patients,good results in 10 and fair result in one.Conclusion For patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture,the reconstructing using gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flaps combined with suture anchors can attain rigid fixation,early functional exercise,effective prevention of tendon adhesion,and good function recovery.

Objective To study the value of hCG ratio of blood in peritoneal cavity versus venous blood (RPhCG/VhcG) in diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy (EP).Methods From Mar.2009 to Oct.2012,268 cases with EP (EP group) and 53 women with intrauterine pregnancy with haemoperitoneum (hIUP) (hIUP group) from International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 6th People Hospital and Shanghai Jiangwan Hospital were enrolled in this prospective study.The HCG of all subjective were measured in blood in peritonea cavity and venous blood,then calculate the ratio of RPhCG/VhCG.Scatter point analysis and ROC were used to differentiate EP,determine threshold of hlUP and evaluate the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosis EP preoperatively.Results The mean RPhCG/VhCG; of EP group was 4.35,which was significantly higher than 0.81 in hIUP group (P ＜ 0.01).Scatter point analysis showed that the threshold value of RPhCG/VhCG between ectopic pregnancy and hIUP was 1.0.The overall sensitivity of RPhCG/VhcG in the diagnosis of EP was 98％,the specificity was 100％,the positive predictive value was 100％ and the negtive predictive value was 93％.Conclusion RPhCG/VhCG ＞ 1.0 could be used to diagnose and differentiate EP from hIUP accurately.

With the widely development of psychiatric clinical researches,the ethical issue has been concerned gradually.Although the ethical review has strict rules on informed consent,there are many problems and challenges on informed consent implementation because of the special mental illness population.According to the relevant laws and regulations,combined with the characteristics of clinical psychiatric researches,this paper discussed the protection of subjects' fights and interests during the implementation of informed consent in psychiatric clinical researches,from the following aspects:providing a quiet,comfortable,and relatively independent environment for the participants to ensure informed consent,guaranteeing full informed consent time,choosing qualified researchers for informed consent,ensuring the effective process of informed consent,and guiding the subjects to correctly sign their names and the date.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in treating Tourette's syndrome.MethodEighty patients were allocated, using a random number table, to a treatment group of 40 cases and a control group of 40 cases. The treatment group received acupuncture and the control group, Western drug treatment.ResultThe YGTSS score decreased significantly in the two groups of patients after treatment(P<0.01). After treatment, the range of decrease in the YGTSS tic score was larger in the treatment group than in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of adverse reactions were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group.ConclusionThe effect and safety of treatment for Tourette's syndrome are higher in the treatment group than in the control group.

Data were collected through questionnaire from 505 women enrolled during early pregnancy.Based on soy intake frequency,the subjects were divided into three groups:frequent (three or more times per week),conventional ( more than twice per month but less than three times per week),and occasional ( two or fewer times per month).Serum TSH and FT4 were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay.The urinary concentrations of two primary isoflavones (daidzein and genistein) and creatinine were further assessed in 95 subjects from the three groups.The percentages of frequent,conventional,and occasional consumers were 18.6％,62.6％,and 18.8％,respectively.No difference was found in age,medical records,family history of thyroid diseases,serum FT4,TSH,and prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions among three groups. Both urinary daidzein and genistein levels were significantly higher in the frequent consumers compared with the other two groups.No correlations were found between urinary isoflavone levels and serum FT4 or TSH.These findings suggest that dietary soy consumption during early pregnancy seems not to be associated with the development of thyroid dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the changes and related factors of maternal thyroid autoantibodies during early pregnancy. Methods Urinary iodine concentration( UIC) , serum thyroid stimulating hormone( TSH) , free thyroxine ( FT4 ) , thyroid-peroxidase antibody ( TPOAb ) , thyroglobulin antibody ( TgAb ) concentrations were determined in 7 190 women during early pregnancy in an iodine-sufficient region of China. Results The prevalence of TPOAb positivity and TgAb positivity were 8. 7% and 12. 0% respectively. The prevalence of overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism increased significantly in group of thyroid antibody positivity. The prevalence of TPOAb positivity and TgAb positivity presented a U-shaped curve, ranging from mild iodine deficiency to iodine excess, especially increased significantly in the group with UIC<100 μg/L. Conclusion Prevalence of thyroid antibodies positivity became higher during early pregnancy. The positive thyroid autoantibodies during pregnancy were significantly associated with maternal hypothyroidism. Both iodine excess and iodine deficiency are risk factors of positive thyroid antibodies.

Objective To study the effect of maternal subclinical thyroid abnormalities [including subclinical hypothyroidism, hypothyroxinemia and positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) with normal thyroid function] in women during 16-20 weeks of gestation on offspfing's intellectual development and motor function. Methods Sera from 1 268 women during 16-20 weeks of gestation (collected 2 years ago) were obtained and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4) and TPOAb levels were measured. Pregnant specific thyroid function reference ranges were used to screen for subclinical hypothyroidism (18 cases), hypothyroxinemia (19 cases) and positive TPOAb (34 cases). From the same cohort, a total of 142 pregnant women who were euthyroid with negative TPOAb were selected as controls (a case: control ratio of 1 : 2). Intellectual and motor development score evaluations were performed in their children at 25-30 months of age. Results In the group of pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism, the offspring' s intelligence score was (109.89±13.81) points, which was 8.88 points lower than in the control group (P < 0.01). Similarly, the motor score of the offspring was (108.11±9.93) points, which was 9.98 points lower than in the control group (P < 0.01). In the pregnant women with hypothyroxinemia, the offspring's intelligence score was (112.32±15.10) points, 9.30 points lower than in the control group (P <0.01); the motor score was (112.21±12.26) points, 7.57 points lower than in the control group (P < 0.01). In the pregnant women with positive TPOAb and euthyroid function, the offspring's intelligence score was (112.70±20.64) points, 10.56 points lower than in the control group (P < 0.01); the motor score was (110.64±12.49) points, 9.03 points lower than in the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion Maternal subclinical thyroid abnormality between 16-20 weeks of gestation adversely may affect offspring intellectual and motor development, suggesting the necessity for screening and treatment of maternal subclinical thyroid abnormality in the early stages of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of Clindamycin hydrochloride injection. METHODS:The utilization of Clindamycin hydrochloride injection in orthopedic inpatients of a third grade class A general hospital dur-ing 2013-2015 was analyzed and investigated retrospectively. The rationality evaluation standard was formulated to evaluate the rationality of drug use in those patients. RESULTS:A total of 189 orthopedic inpatients received Clindamycin hydro-chloride injection,and there were 152 cases of irrational drug use among which there were 16 cases of irrational therapeu-tic drug use and 136 cases of irrational prophylactic drug use. Irrational drug use mainly included irrational usage and dos-age(86.18%),irrational drug selection(44.74%)and irrational drug replacement(15.79%). Two patients suffered from ADE,i.e. rash and nausea. After drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment,the symptoms were improved,but irrational drug use was found in one case. CONCLUSIONS:The utilization of Clindamycin hydrochloride injection is irrational in or-thopedic department. It is necessary to further standardize medication behavior and guarantee the safety and effectiveness of drug use.