Objective To compare the effects of vasopressin and adrenaline on cerebral resuscitation in rats. Method Sixty male SD rats were used to set the animal model of cardiac arrest and were randomly (random number) divided into 4 groups (n = 15/group): sham operation group (sham-gro), negative control group (neg-gro), vasopressin group (vas-gro) and adrenaline group (adr-gro). Blood pressure was recorded, and brain tissue samples were obtained. Results There was no significant difference in the recovery rate between vas-gro and adr-gro 30 min after resuscitation (P ＜0.05). The mean blood pressure in vasgro was higher than that in adr-gro within 30 min (1,2, 5, 10, 20, 30 min) after restoration of spontaneous circulation. The measured MDA, SOD and GSH were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05) between each two groups among vas-gro, sham-gro and adr-gro. Conclusions The recovery rate was similar between vasopressin group and adrenaline group during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats. However, vasopressin can to maintain the mean arterial pressure at a higher level after resuscitation, which can the increase the cerebral perfusion and reduce brain cell damage.

Objective To observe the effect on serum inflammatory factors and immune function of Shiwei Longdanhua particles in elderly patients with acute bronchitis.Methods 120 cases of elderly patients with acute bronchitis from November 2014 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 60 cases in each group, according the order of single and double number.The control group was given conventional treatment, and the observation group was given Shiwei Longdanhua particles based on the control group.Treatment for seven days, to observe the differences of serum inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, TNF-αand IL-6, IL-1) and immunologic function indexes (CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 +/CD8 +and IgM, IgG, IgA) between the two groups.Results After treatment, hs-CRP, TNF-αand IL-6, IL-1 of the two groups decreased with before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and all indexes of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ) .After treatment, CD3 +, CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 + of the two groups increased with before treatment except CD8 +decreased, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between the control group and before treatment, there was significant difference between the two groups after treatment (P<0.05).After treatment, IgM, IgG and IgA of the two groups decreased with before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and all indexes of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, with significant differences, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Shiwei Longdanhua particles has the effects of inhibiting inflammatory reaction and improving the immune status in the treatment of elderly patients with acute bronchitis .

Objective To study if ganglioside (GLS) may promote the recovery the neurological deficits after cerebral ischemia in rats and the me chanism about it.Method Focal cerebral ischemia was made by a 3－ hour occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery(MCA)using nylon monofi1ament in rats and was fo1lowed by reperfusion.GLS was intraperitoneally administered 30 minutes and 3 hours after ischemia and daily during the observation period. Bederson's method was used to evaluate the neurological deficits. The activity of the neurotrophic factors (NTFs) in the periischemic brain tissue extract (BTE) and the effect of GLS on the activity were observed in cultured neuronsfrom the newbom rat cortex and basal ganglia.Result GLS improved the neurologicalfUnction recovery after cerebral ischemia. The BTE of GLS treatment groap supportedneuronal survival and promoted neurite outgrowth about l00 μ m. The number of neuronswas significantly higher in the presence of the BTE from treatment grouP as compared with the BTE from control group (P<0.05).Conclusion it indicated that GLS improved the recovery of the nevrological deficits by potentiating the activety of nevro trophic factors.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic manifestations of traumatic neuroma after neck dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 21 patients with 26 lesions who underwent neck dissection.The ultrasonographic characteristics were reviewed,including numbers,location,size,shape,margin,echogenicity,with or without direct continuity to the nerve fiber,the presence of internal hyperechogenicity and blood supply.Results Among the 26 lesions of 21 patients,25 lesions were in the lateral cervical area while the other one was in the central cervical area.The mean shortest diameter of the lesions was (3.5±1.0)mm and that of longest diameter was (9.1±2.9)mm.Totally 13 lesions were oval in shape and the other 13 were round.The clear margin was found in 13 lesions and fuzzy margin was observed in another 13 lesions.All the lesions were heterogeneously hypoechoic.The presence of internal hyperechoic areas were found in 16 lesions.The direct continuity with the nerve fiber was found in 20 lesions,while the other 6 lesions were not continued to the nerve directly.Color Doppler flow imaging showed that 20 of the 26 lesions existed a little blood flow signal and the other 6 lesions showed no flow signal.During the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB),21 patients complained about the intolerable serious pain and the pain relieved when the needle removed.Conclusion Traumatic neuromas are hypoecho lesions located in the operation area after neck dissection in PTC with distinctive ultrasonographic features,especially the direct continuity with the nerve fiber,as well as the clinical histories and sharp pain during US-FNAB,which can help to diagnose.

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy of Sanjin granules in the treatment of residual stones after extracorpo-real shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL). METHODS:72 patients with residual stones after ESWL were selected and randomly divided into group A and B with 36 cases in each. Patients in group A were given Sanjin granules with warm water,2 times/d,20g/time;B group were treated with conventional therapy as drinking more water combined with jumping movement. Therapeutic efficacies of two groups were observed after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS:After 4 weeks treatment,the total effective rate was 33.33% in group A and 13.89% in group B,there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05);After 8 weeks treatment,the total effective rate was 63.89% in group A and 19.44% in group B,there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:Sanjin granules can pass the residual gallstones after ESWL effectively,showing a significant therapeutic efficacy.

Objec0tive To investigate the molecular mechanism of the mal-production of IgA and IgA1 by tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMCs) in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients by measuring the mRNA expression of Iα-Cα germline transcript and the mRNA and protein expression of activated induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in cultured TMCs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or hemolytic streptococcus (HS) in IgAN patients as well as the chronic tonsilitis patients. Methods Twent-seven IgAN patients admitted into our hospital from Jan.2009 to Feb.2010 were enrolled.Twent-seven patients with chronic tonsillitis without renal disease were selected as control.Tonsillar mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation in lymphocyte separation medium.The amount of IgA or IgA1 secreted in the culture supernatants was determined by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Expressions of Iα-Cα germline transcript and AID mRNA were examined by real-time PCR.The AID protein was determined by Western blot. Results The production of IgA and IgA1 protein,especially the ratio of IgA1/IgA and the expression of AID protein in TMCs were significantly increased in IgAN group compared with chronic tonsillitis group (all P＜0.05).The IgA and IgA1 level of stimulated TMCs were obviously increased in patients with IgAN compared with control group (P＜0.05).And the expressions of Iα-Cα mRNA,AID mRNA and AID protein were up-regulated significantly in stimulated TMCs (all P＜0.05). Conclusions Both LPS and HS can induce the production of IgA and IgA1 and up-regulate the expressions of AID and Iα-Cα in TMCs of IgAN patients.Our results indicate that the TMCs are capable of producing high level of IgA and IgA1 stimulated by LPS or HS,whuch may be due to the　 incression of AID and Iα-Cα.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of chlorogenic acid in Prunus armeniaca flos,and compare the contents in P. armeniaca flos from different origins and varieties. METHODS:HPLC was conducted to determine the content of chlorogenic acid in P. armeniaca flos;using the volume fraction of ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid,ultrasonic extraction times and time as factor,the content of chlorogenic acid as index,single factor and orthogonal test were designed to optimize the extraction technology,and verification tests were carried out. The optimized extraction technology was used to extract and compare the contents of chlorogenic acid in Armeniaca sibirica from 7 origins of P. armeniaca flos and 3 origins of Armeniaca sibirica flos. RESULTS:The optimized extraction technology was extracting twice with 12-fold 75% ethanol,30 min each time. Under the con-ditions,the content of chlorogenic acid can reach 77.38 mg/g(RSD=0.58%,n=3);the contents of chlorogenic acid in A. sibiri-ca flos and P. armeniaca flos were 77.38-83.33 mg/g and 63.12-70.22 mg/g,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The established extrac-tion technology is reasonable,stable and feasible. The contents of chlorogenic acid in A. sibirica are higher than that in P. armenia-ca flos;the contents have no obvious differences in the same variety of A. sibirica from different origins.

BACKGROUND:Insufficient source of seed cel s is the important factor to restrict the tissue reconstruction and the development of regenerative medicine.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the osteogenesis of adipose stem cel s cultured with different kinds of artificial bones.
METHODS:Adipose tissue was extracted from female volunteers undergoing cosmetic surgery to isolate adipose stem cel s. Passage 4 adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel s were selected and divided into osteogenic induction group, osteogenic induction+hydroxyapatite group, osteogenic induction+absorbable bone group and osteogenic induction+recombinant bone xenograft group. The latter three groups were subdivided into 3, 10, 20 g/L subgroups, respectively. Culture medium was exchanged every 3 days, total y for 12 days.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the osteogenic induction group, the calcium concentration in the elution liquid was significantly higher in the osteogenic induction+hydroxyapatite group and low-concentration osteogenic induction+absorbable bone group (both P<0.05), but no difference was found between the osteogenic induction group and high-concentration osteogenic induction+absorbable bone group (P<0.05). In addition, the calcium concentration in the elution liquid was significantly lower in the osteogenic induction+recombinant bone xenograft group than the osteogenic induction (P<0.05). Therefore, different artificial bone scaffolds can influence the osteogenic effect of adipose stem cel s, and among them, hydroxyapatite has a better effect on the osteogenic induction of adipose stem cel s.

Objective To investigate the distribution and variation trend of whole-blood Ca,Cu,Zn,Fe and Mg concentrations of children in fengxian district,Shanghai,and provide a reference for prevention of elements deficiency in children.Methods 2 219 children in outpatient department of pediatrics were enrolled in the study,who reccieved the tests for five kinds of elements(Ca, Mg,Fe,Cu,Zn)in whole blood by using atomic absorption spectrometer.The children were divided into 5 age groups:infancy group (1-<12 months old),toddler age group(1 -<3 years old),preschool age group(3 -<7 years old),school age group(7 -<12 years old)and adolescence group(12-18 years old).The distributions and variation trend of the 5 kinds of elements were analyzed among different age and gender groups.Results The deficiencies of Ca,Fe and Zn were common in all the age groups,the total defi-ciency rates of Ca,Fe and Zn were 19.51%,22.08% and 25.82% respectively.there was no significant difference between boys and girls(P >0.05).Differences among different age groups were statistically significant(P <0.05).The Average concentrations of Zn displayed increasing tendency of different degrees in different groups of children,other elements displayed no obvious variation trend.Conclusion Children′s Zn,Fe and Ca deficiencies in Fengxian District,Shanghai are in different degrees,regular determina-tion of calcium and trace elements should be performed and take supplementary measures as soon as possible.

Objective To investigate changes in the expression of prepro-orexin and orexin receptor-1 ( OX1R) following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO ) with or without preconditioning through electrical stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FNS). Methods Wistar rats were subjected to permanent MCAO and randomly divided into 5 groups: a sham-operated control group (PO), an FNS preconditioning + shamoperated control group (FNS-PO) , an ischemia group, an FNS preconditioning + ischemia group (FNS-PI) and a cerebellar fastigial nucleus injury + FNS preconditioning + ischemia group (FNL-FNS-PI). Each group was divided into 5 subgroups according to the time at which the animals were sacrificed after the MCAO ( 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h).RT-PCR was used to detect expression of OX1R mRNA, and ELISA to measure the levels of orexin-A in the hypothalamus and plasma. Results The immunoreactivity of prepro-orexin decreased significantly in the PI groups, with further decreases over time. At the 12th h after MCAO, the immunoreactivity of prepro-orexin reached a minimum.There were significant differences between the rats in the PO and FNS-PO groups. On the contrary, the immunoreactivity of OX1R increased significantly in the PI groups, with further increases continuing over time, peaking at 12 h after the MCAO. There were significant differences between the PO and FNS-PO groups. In the rats with FNS preconditioning (PI-FNS) , the decrease in prepro-orexin and the increase in OX1R were significantly inhibited compared to the PI subgroups at the 6th and 12th hour. There was no significant difference between the FNL-PIFNS group and the PI group. The expression of OX1R mRNA increased significantly in the PI group, with further increases continuing over time, peaking at 24 hours. The plasma levels of orexin-A were not significantly different among the groups, but the levels of orexin-A in the hypothalamus decreased significantly in the PI and FNL-PI-FNS groups, with further decreases continuing over time. At the 12th h after the MCAO the levels were significantly different compared with the PO and PO-FNS groups. While in the rats with FNS preconditioning (PI-FNS) , the decrease in orexin-A level was reversed and there was no significant difference compared with PO and PO-FNS groups. Conclusions The orexinergic system is altered following cerebral ischaemia. FNS preconditioning may be able to regulate these changes.