Objective To explore influence of perioperative protection from hypothermia on surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing gastroenteritic operation. Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 1536 patients undergoing gastroenteritic operation in general surgery department of our hos-pital.Patients (764 cases) admitted before July 2006 were set as the control group,while those after July 2006(772 cases) were set as the observation group. The observation group received a series of measures for protection from hypothermia besides of routine perioperative nursing.The control group only adopted routine perioperative nursing.The SSI rate was compared between the two groups. Results The SSI rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P < 0.01 ). Conclusions Incidence of periop-erative hypothermia in patients undergoing gastroenteritic operation can increase the SSI rate.Appropriate measures for protection from hypothermia can prevent the incidence of hypothermia as well as SSI.

0.05). Conclusions HF could not only relax cerebral vessels, reduce the CVR and enhance the CBF, but also dilate the femoral vessels of CVS dogs. Nevertheless, the latter action was much weaker. Furthermore, there was no relationship between effects of HF on vascular relaxation and contraction activity and the blood vessel endothelium.

Objective To explore the effects of insulation measures on blood coagulation during laparotomy in the aged patients. Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 30 cases in each group from September 2007 to August 2008. The experimental group received a series of insulation measures based on general perioperative nursing care, which was given to the control group. Patients' temperature, platelet count (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TV),fibrinogen (Fbg) were measured and these preand postoperative values together with blood loss during operation were compared between two groups. Results No significant change was seen in perioperative body temperature in the experimental group, the incidence rate of hypothermia was lower, the change in coagulation index was better than that of the control group. Conclusions These results suggested that mild hypothermia could influence aged patients' blood coagulation function and increase blood loss during laparotomy. Active insulation measures can maintain the stability of patients" temperature.

Atrial fibrillation is an epidemic in Asia that is increasingly prevalent. Apart from stroke risk stratification and management of anticoagulation, physicians managing this group of patients also need to determine an optimal strategy in terms of rate or rhythm control. With new techniques of catheter ablation to maintain patients in sinus rhythm, patients with atrial fibrillation now have more options for treatment, on top of pharmacological methods. This paper aims to review the current evidence for rate and rhythm control in both general patients and subgroups of interest commonly encountered in clinical practices such as obesity, heart failure and thyroid disease.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:The cases of disulfiram-like reac-tion collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM from July 1st in 2012 to June 30st in 2014,were analyzed and compared retrospectively. The epidemiological characteristics,causes,clinical characteristics and treatment methods were summarized. RESULTS:Disulfiram-like reaction mainly occurred in male(86.59%),mainly in young and middle-aged men aged 21-50 years old (78.05%). It might be induced by using cephalosporin antibiotics (as cefoperazone,cefperazone/sulbactam, etc.),nitroimidazole (as metronidazole,tinidazole,etc.),drinking or contacting beverage,food or drug containing ethanol. This reaction involved the skin and its accessories system,circulatory system,digestive system,nervous system,respiratory system, etc. Its clinical manifestations mainly were skin flush,chest tightness,shortness of breath,palpitation,nausea,vomiting,dizzi-ness,headache,etc.,occasional confusion,drowsiness,xerostomia,etc. Response to the severe disulfiram-like reaction,the foun-dation treatment combined with symptomatic treatment showed a good effect with remission of symptoms in 1 to 3 hours and no deaths. CONCLUSIONS:When the drugs with mercapto-1-methyltetrazole perssad as cephalosporin antibiotics,nitro imidazoles, etc.,are used,we should avoid drinking or taking drugs or food containing ethanol,to prevent the occurrence of disulfiram-like re-action.

Objective:To investigate the effect of metformin on the microRNA (miRNA) expression and screen potential target with network pharmacology analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:Fifteen patients with new diagnosed type 2 diabetes admitted to our hospital were selected, who received metformin during hospitalization and after discharge. The expression of serum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and myocardial fibrosis related miRNAs were compared before and 6 month after metformin treatment. In addition, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were applied to analyze differential expression miRNAs showing statistical significance. Meanwhile, the network figure was established to reflect the target gene messenger RNA (mRNA) corresponding to differentially expressed miRNA.Results:Compared with pre-medication, the serum level of MMP-9 was significantly decreased after treatment ( P<0.05). Besides, the expression of homo sapiens microRNA (hsa-miR)29a-3p, hsa-miR133a-5p, hsa-miR21-5p, hsa-miR30c-5p, and hsa-miR1-3p in patients with type 2 diabetes were dramatically down-regulated by metformin ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Results of GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly concentrated in endoplasmic reticulum lumen, synapse, basement membrane and other cell components. The molecular functions such as Rho GTPase binding and participation in extracellular matrix structural constituent were exerted through biological processes such as collagen catabolic process, regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, and axon extension, which were mainly enriched in advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway, etc. The outcome of miRNA-mRNA network analysis demonstrated that there were 230 target genes mRNAs corresponding to differentially expressed miRNA. Conclusion:Metformin could play its role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes by down regulating the expression of miRNA, participating in the transduction of related cellular signaling pathways, regulating chromatin, nucleic acid binding, and enzyme activities.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of minor salivary gland tumors and to discuss the treatment modalities for these tumors. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of 54 cases with minor salivary gland tumor operated in our hospital from 1997 to 2004. RESULT: Among 54 cases with minor salivary gland tumors in this series, 16 patients lost of follow up. Among the remaining 38 patients, 2 patients with nasal cavity adenoid cystic carcinoma died of tumor recurrence 2 and 3 years after the surgery respectively, one patient with laryngeal myoepithelial carcinoma died of tumor recurrence 3 years after the surgery and one patient with paranasal sinus mucoepidermoid carcinoma died of recurrence 17 months after the surgery. Two patients with paranasal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma recurred after the primary surgery and were survived without tumor after salvage surgery. The other patients survived with no tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION While different histopathology of minor salivary gland tumors were found in this group, malignant tumors were predominant, accounting for 81.4%. The choice of treatment for minor salivary gland tumors depends upon the location and the histopathology of the tumors. The treatment policy for benign tumors is simple tumor excision, while that for malignant tumors is surgery combined with pre- or post-operative radiation therapy. Complete surgical resection of tumor masses and tumor free margin is essential for successful treatment of malignant minor salivary gland tumors.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; surgery ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective:To effectively quantify and evaluate the quality of different deformation registration algorithms, in order to enhance the possibility of implementing deformation registration in clinical practice.Methods:The Jacobian determinant mean (JDM) is proposed based on the Jacobian determinant (JD) of displacement vector field (DVF), and the Jacobian determinant error (DJDE) is introduced by incorporating the JD of the inverse DVF. The optical flow method (OF-DIR) and fast demons method with elastic regularization (FD-DIR) were tested on nasopharyngeal and lung cancer datasets. Finally, JDM and DJDE with the Jacobian determinant negative percentage (JDNP), inverse consistency error (ICE) and normalized mean square error (NMSE) were used to evaluate the registration algorithms and compare the differences evaluation indicators in different tumor images and different algorithms, and the receiver operating curve (ROC) was analyzed in evaluation.Results:In lung cancer, OF-DIR outperformed FD-DIR in terms of JDM, NMSE, DJDE and ICE, and the difference was statistically significant( z = -2.24, -4.84, t = 4.01, 6.54, P<0.05). In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, DJDE, ICE and NMSE of OF-DIR were superior to FD-DIR, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 4.46, -7.49, z = -2.22, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in JDM ( P>0.05). In lung cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, JDNP of OF-DIR was worse than that of FD-DIR, and the difference was statistically significant ( z = -4.29, -4.02, P<0.01). In addition, DJDE is more specific and sensitive on ROC curve (AUC=0.77), and has different performance result for tumor images at different sites. Conclusions:The JDM and DJDE evaluation metrics proposed are effective for deformation registration algorithms. OF-DIR is suitable for both lung cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while the influence of organ motion on the registration effect should be considered when using FD-DIR.

China ; Counseling ; Female ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Pregnancy

Objective To investigate the protective effect of exogenous leptin against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods A total of 100 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,including a sham-operated group,cerebral I/R model group,and 3 leptin treatment groups with intraperitoneal injections of 0.5,1.0 or 2.0 leptin immediately after occlusion of the internal carotid artery.At 24 h after reperfusion,neurological function scores of the mice were assessed,and TTC staining was used to determine the area of cerebral infarction.The pathological changes in the cortical brain tissue of the mice were observed using HE staining,and degenerative damage of the cortical neurons were assessed with Fluoro-Jade C staining.The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in cortical brain tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.In another 45 C57BL/6 mice with sham operation,I/R modeling,or leptin(1 mg/kg)treatment,glutamic acid in the cortical brain tissue was detected using glutamate assay,and cortical glutamate-aspartate transporter(GLAST)and glutamate transporter-1(GLT-1)protein expressions were detected using immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the I/R model mice,the leptin-treated mice had significantly lower neurological deficit scores,smaller cerebral infarct area,milder pathologies in the cortical brain tissue,and lessened cortical neuronal damage with normal morphology and less excessive proliferation of the astrocytes.Leptin treatment significantly up-regulated the expressions of GLT-1 and GLAST and lowered the content of glutamic acid in the brain tissue of the I/R mice.Conclusion Exogenous leptin has obvious neuroprotective effect against cerebral I/R injury in mice,mediated probably by controlling excessive astrocyte proliferation and up-regulating cortical GLT-1 and GLAST expressions to reduce glutamate-mediated excitotoxic injury of the astrocytes.