ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome distribution of treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B virus-related primary liver cancer （HBV-PLC）， and to provide a basis for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of HBV-PLC. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 99 treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients who were admitted to Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases in The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to December 2024. According to whether the patient received standardized antiviral therapy （for ≥3 years）， they were divided into antiviral group and non-antiviral group， and according to the status of HBeAg， they were divided into HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group. Demographic features， laboratory test results， imaging data， and TCM syndrome data were collected， and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR）， Child-Pugh score， and CNLC stage were calculated. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsThe 99 treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients had a mean age of 57.12±11.60 years， and the patients aged 50 — 75 years accounted for the highest proportion of 72.7%， with a male/female ratio of 5.2∶1. The patients with liver cirrhosis accounted for 81.8%， and 67.7% of the patients did not receive antiviral therapy in the past. The positive rates of HBV DNA， HBeAg， and alpha-fetoprotein were 80.8%， 18.2%， and 69.7%， respectively， and the patients with Child-Pugh class A/B disease accounted for 89.9%. Compared with the non-antiviral group， the antiviral group had a significantly smaller maximum tumor diameter （t=2.310， P=0.024）， a significantly lower HBV DNA positive rate （χ²=14.006， P<0.001）， and a significantly lower number of tumor thrombi （χ²=7.347， P=0.007）. In addition， there were significant differences between the HBeAg-negative group and the HBeAg-positive group in Child-Pugh class （χ²=6.780， P=0.034） and CNLC stage （χ²=8.746， P=0.033）. Among the 99 treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients， 41.4% had liver depression and spleen deficiency with blood stasis， 22.2% had Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome， and 19.2% had damp-heat accumulation with blood stasis. ConclusionTreatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients are mainly middle-aged and elderly male individuals， and most of the patients are comorbid with liver cirrhosis. Standardized antiviral therapy can significantly reduce tumor burden and improve virologic response， with better hepatic compensation in HBeAg-negative patients， and hypoproteinemia is more common in patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

Objective To investigate the predictive effect of antithrombin Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)combined with procalcitonin(PCT)on sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI).Methods A total of 96 patients with sepsis who met the inclusion criteria were in-cluded,all patients were divided into the AKI group(n=42)and non-AKI group(n=54),and the data between the two groups were compared.We used the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves to evaluate the predictive effect of antithrombin Ⅲ level,procalCI tonin level,and combination on SA-AKI.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the influencing factors of SA-AKI.Results The proportion of PCT,CRP,fibrinogen,SOFA score,APACHE Ⅱ score,vasoactive drug use,and blood purification applica-tion in the AKI group was higher than that in the non-AKI group(P＜0.05),as well as the AT-Ⅲ,and platelet count were lower than those in the non-AKI group(P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve for predicting SA-AKI in patients with sepsis was 0.876(95％CI:0.793-0.935,P＜0.01),the sensitivity was 78.6％,and the specificity was 88.9％.Multivariate Logistic regression anal-ysis showed that AT-Ⅲ(OR=0.907,95％CI:0.860-0.956)and PCT(OR=1.037,95％CI:1.002-1.074)were independent influencing factors for SA-AKI.Conclusion AT-Ⅲ combined with PCT could be used to predict SA-AKI and has good predictive ef-ficacy.

Objective    To investigate the feasibility and safety of DynaCT microwave ablation (MWA) guided by 3D iGuide puncture technology for lung cancer. Methods    The clinical data of 19 patients with primary or metastatic lung cancer who underwent DynaCT MWA from June 2019 to December 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including 15 males and 4 females with an average age of 64.9±11.7 years. The technical success rates, adverse reactions and complications, postoperative hospital stay, and local therapeutic efficacy were recorded. Results    Technical success rate was 100.0%. The mean time required to target and place the needle was 15.7±3.7 min and the mean ablation time was 5.7±1.6 min. Thirteen patients underwent biopsy synchronously before the ablation, and 10 (76.9%) patients had positive pathological results. The main adverse reactions were pain (7/19, 36.8%), post-ablation syndrome (4/19, 21.1%) and cough (2/19, 10.5%). The minor complications were pneumothorax (6/19, 31.6%), hemorrhage (5/19, 26.3%), pleural effusion (2/19, 10.5%) and cavity (1/19, 5.3%). Three patients had moderate pneumothorax and received closed thoracic drainage. The median hospitalization time after ablation was 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) d, and no patient died during the perioperative period. The initial complete ablation rate was 89.5% (17 patients) and the incomplete ablation rate was 10.5% (2 patients) at 1-month follow-up, and no local progression was observed. Conclusion    DynaCT MWA of lung cancer under the guidance of 3D iGuide system is safe and feasible with a high short-term local control rate, but the long-term efficacy remains to be further observed.

Objective    To evaluate the safety and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of lung tumors. Methods    The clinical data of 31 patients with lung neoplasms treated with MWA from January 2019 to August 2020 in a single center were retrospectively analyzed. There were 17 males and 14 females at an age of 63.4±10.4 years. The characteristics of the lesions, technical success rate, technical efficiency, local progression rate, adverse reactions and complications were recorded in detail. Results    There were 39 target lesions with an average diameter of 20.2±10.6 mm. A total of 36 MWA procedures were completed. The initial technical success rate was 84.6% (33/39), and the technical efficiency was 92.3% (36/39). The median postprocedure hospital stay was 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) d. A total of 12.9% (4/31) of the patients had local progression, and the local control rate was 87.1%. The main adverse reactions were pain (12/36, 33.3%), cough (6/36, 16.7%), post-ablation syndrome (6/36, 16.7%) and pleural effusion (3/36, 8.3%). The main complications were pneumothorax (11/36, 30.6%), hemorrhage (8/36, 22.2%), cavitation (2/36, 5.6%) and pulmonary infection (1/36, 2.8%). The median follow-up time was 13.0 (8.0, 18.0) months. No patient died during the follow-up. Conclusion    MWA is safe and effective in the treatment of lung tumors with controllable complications. Successive researches with large sample, and medium and long-term follow-ups are needed to explore the significance of combined therapies.

Background: /Aim: It is known that an imbalance in the intestinal f lora plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC), but the effect of food consumption patterns on the types of intestinal flora remains to be clarified. We aimed to analyze the associations between food intake and intestinal flora in healthy and CRC individuals. Methods: Food intake data were recorded using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The composition and diversity of the intestinal flora detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the data were analyzed by R version 3.1.1 software. Results: Higher intake of red meat or pickled foods, and lower intake of white meat, fruits, vegetables, beans, nuts were found in the CRC group compared with the healthy group. Higher levels of Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, and lower levels of Firmicutes were observed in the CRC group. Partial correlation analysis revealed that the intake of fruits, beans, and nuts was negatively correlated with Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria, but pickled food was positively correlated with Fusobacteria (p < 0.05). Fish, beans, and nuts intake was negatively correlated with Escherichia (p = 0.01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that vegetable oil (odds ratio [OR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13 to 0.82), vegetables (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.64), eggs (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.69), pickled foods (OR, 21.02; 95% CI, 6.02 to 73.45), and red meat (OR, 4.23; 95% CI, 1.68 to 10.60) had an impact on CRC risk. Conclusions The species and abundance of intestinal flora varies between CRC and healthy individuals and may be affected by their food preference.

Background: /Aim: It is known that an imbalance in the intestinal f lora plays a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC), but the effect of food consumption patterns on the types of intestinal flora remains to be clarified. We aimed to analyze the associations between food intake and intestinal flora in healthy and CRC individuals. Methods: Food intake data were recorded using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The composition and diversity of the intestinal flora detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the data were analyzed by R version 3.1.1 software. Results: Higher intake of red meat or pickled foods, and lower intake of white meat, fruits, vegetables, beans, nuts were found in the CRC group compared with the healthy group. Higher levels of Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, and lower levels of Firmicutes were observed in the CRC group. Partial correlation analysis revealed that the intake of fruits, beans, and nuts was negatively correlated with Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria, but pickled food was positively correlated with Fusobacteria (p < 0.05). Fish, beans, and nuts intake was negatively correlated with Escherichia (p = 0.01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that vegetable oil (odds ratio [OR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13 to 0.82), vegetables (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.64), eggs (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.69), pickled foods (OR, 21.02; 95% CI, 6.02 to 73.45), and red meat (OR, 4.23; 95% CI, 1.68 to 10.60) had an impact on CRC risk. Conclusions The species and abundance of intestinal flora varies between CRC and healthy individuals and may be affected by their food preference.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of splenectomy in the treatment of relapsed/refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed in 30 cases with relapsed/refractory AIHA who were treated with splenectomy in our hospital. The pre- and post-operative blood routine indexes and responses were followed up. Results: Among the 30 relapsed/refractory AIHA patients, 20 were pure AIHA (including 13 patients with warm antibody AIHA, 2 with warm-cold double antibody AIHA and 5 with Coombs negative AIHA) and 10 were Evans syndrome. The short-term response was evaluated 10-14 days after operation, and the overall response rate (ORR) of short-term response was 90% [12 cases in complete response (CR), 6 cases in partial response (PR)] in 20 therapeutic evaluable cases. Among 13 patients with long-term follow-up data, except 3 patients with Evans syndrome died (2 cases were refractory to splenectomy, 1 case relapsed after surgery), the ORR of 10 patients with relapsed/refractory pure AIHA at 6 months and 12 months were 90% (9/10) and 70% (7/10), respectively, with a median follow-up of 14 (4-156) months. At the end of follow-up, 3 cases had maintained CR for more than 3 years. Conclusion The short-term response of splenectomy as a second-line treatment for relapsed/refractory AIHA is satisfactory, and long-term outcome of splenectomy is up to 70% at 1 year. Approximately one-third of patients could maintain sustained remission.

The fcl gene encodes GDP-fucose synthase, which catalyzes two-step differential isomerase and reductase reactions in the synthesis of GDP-L-fucose from GDP-D-mannose. It also participates in the biosynthesis of amino sugar and ribose sugar, and is one of the key enzymes to regulate the metabolism of sugar and nucleotides in organisms. The presence of fcl gene in Saccharopolyspora pogona was found through sequencing result of genome. The mutant S. pogona-fcl and S. pogona-Δfcl were constructed by gene engineering technology. The results showed that the gene had an effects on growth and development, protein expression and transcriptional level, insecticidal activity, and biosynthesis of butenyl-spinosyn of Saccharopolyspora pogona. The results of HPLC analysis showed that the yield of butenyl-spinosyn in S. pogona-Δfcl was 130% compared with that in S. pogona, which reduced by 25% in S. pogona-fcl. The results of determination of insecticidal activity showed that S. pogona-Δfcl had a stronger insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa armigera than that of S. pogona, while the S. pogona-fcl had a lower insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa armigera compared with S. pogona. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of the mycelia. It was found that the surface of the S. pogona-Δfcl was wrinkled, and the mycelium showed a short rod shape. There was no significant difference in mycelial morphology between S. pogona-fcl and S. pogona. Aboved all showed that deletion of fcl gene in S. pogona hindered the growth and development of mycelia, but was beneficial to increase the biosynthesis of butenyl-spinosyn and improve insecticidal activity. Whereas the fcl gene over-expression was not conducive to the biosynthesis of butenyl-spinosyn and reduced their insecticidal activity. SDS-PAGE results showed that the difference of protein expression among the three strains was most obvious at 96 hours, which was identified by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the results showed that there were significant differences of related genes in transcriptional levels among the three strains. Based on the results of the study, a network metabolic control map was constructed to analyze the effect of fcl gene on growth and the regulation pathway of butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis, which provided an experimental basis for revealing the regulation mechanism of butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis and related follow-up studies.
Bacterial Proteins ; Genetic Engineering ; Insecticides ; Macrolides ; Saccharopolyspora

Objective: To verify the accuracy of oxygen concentration (FiO₂) of modified oxygen treatment with Venturi and humidity system. Methods: Patients just after ventilator weaning and before the removal of tracheal intubation/tracheotomy tube, who admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from May 1st to December 15th in 2017, were enrolled. All patients were given a modified oxygen treatment with Venturi and humidity system, and the oxygen flow rate (Flow) of the Venturi device and the oretical value of FiO₂ were adjusted according to the patient's condition. Patients were divided into five groups based on doctor's orders: Flow 3 L/min FiO₂ 0.24, Flow 3 L/min FiO₂ 0.26, Flow 6 L/min FiO₂ 0.28, Flow 6 L/min FiO₂ 0.30, Flow 9 L/min FiO₂ 0.35. The value of FiO₂ at the inhalation end of patients of each group was measured by TSI airflow analyzer, and the consistency between the measured value of FiO₂ at the inhalation end and the FiO₂ marked value of Venturi was compared and analyzed. Results: When the FiO₂ theoretical value of Venturi were adjusted to 0.24, 0.26, 0.28, 0.30, and 0.35, the measured values of FiO₂ at the inhalation end of patients were 0.38±0.05, 0.38±0.05, 0.40±0.04, 0.41±0.04, and 0.77±0.11, respectively, which were all significantly higher than the theoretical value of FiO₂ (all P < 0.01). The difference between the measured value of FiO₂ at the inhalation side and the FiO₂ value of the Venturi annotated and the difference rate were both "V"-shaped, both of which decreased with the increase in theoretical value of FiO₂ to a Flow of 9 L/min and a theoretical value of FiO₂ 0.35, the accuracy was the worst, with the FiO₂ difference of 0.42±0.11, and the FiO₂ difference rate of (121.6±36.5)%. Conclusion There is a difference between the measured value and the theoretical value of FiO₂ at the inhalation end of the modified Venturi oxygen therapy humidification system, which needs to be paid attention to during clinical oxygen therapy.

Objective The purpose of this study was to detect serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) VitD] levels in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and to explore its association with food allergy (FA).Methods Sixty cases of infant patients with AD have been collected.The morning fasting venous blood were obtained to check the 25-(OH)VitD level in serum.Moreover,IgE in 6 kinds of common food was also tested.Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relation between 25-(OH)VitD level in serum and FA.The potential risks and confounding factors were adjusted.Results Among the 60 AD children,67.4％ of them had FA,and the majority of them had milk allergy (86.84％),no wheat allergy was found.There was a positive correlation between 25-(OH) VitD levels and age (r=0.46,P＜ 0.01),but no statistical correlation with total IgE levels (P＞0.05).25-(OH)VitD deficiency may significantly increase the risk of suffering from FA (OR=11.20,95％CI:1.35-73.66,P=0.023).Conclusion The decrease of the 25-(OH)VitD level in infant patients with AD is associated with FA.What's more,25-(OH)VitD deficiency may be a risk factor for increasing FA.