OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the limit detection of aconitine in Wuqi shujin tongluo tablet. METHODS:TLC was conducted to identify the aconitine;TLC plate was silica gel G plate,developing solvent was toluene-ethyl acetate-chloro-form-acetone-ammonia(20:18:3:6:1,V/V/V/V/V),chromogenic agent was bismuth potassium iodide test solution and sodium ni-trite ethanol test solution;and durability investigation and detection limit detection were used to optimize the TLC plate,tempera-ture and humidity. RESULTS:TLC showed the aconitine had clear spots and negative control without interference. The durability was good;detection limit was 0.9 μg;available TLC plate was Merck HPTLC prefabricated plate, silica gel G TLC plate setf-made silica gel G TLC plate with adhesive of sodium carboxymethycellulose;temperature was 5-16 ℃ and humidity was 32%-72%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and reproducibility,and can be used for the limit detection of aconitine in Wuqi shujin tongluo tablet.

Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug use and persistence of drug craving. Drug abuse can lead to changes in the neuron structure and function of plasticity,alterations in molecules and cells,and ultimately to individual abnormal behavior. Current studies have found that epigenetic changes leading to the sustainability of gene expression is an important mechanism of drug addiction. In this review,we will systematically summarize the latest advances in epigenetic mechanisms of drug addiction. This review is expected to provide robust evidence that repeated exposure to drugs of abuse induces changes within the brain′s reward regions in three major modes of epigenetic regulation-histone modifications such as acetylation and methylation , DNA methylation,and non-coding RNAs. It promises a new perspective from which to gain insights into the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of drug addiction and a new area for epigenetic research on clinical drug addiction treatment.

BACKGROUND:Except for mechanical properties and physical and chemical properties, corrosion resistance testing is necessary for a variety of biomedical materials applied in the oral environment to ensure the biocompatibility of materials. OBJECTIVE:To explore the corrosion resistance of titanium abutment and different titanium aloysin vitro. METHODS:Corrosion environment byin vitroartificial saliva was constructed with pH=6.0 at (37±0.5)℃. Potentiodynamic polarization technique, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction methods were employed to assess the corrosion resistance of titanium aloy, gold aloy, nickel-chromium aloy, and titanium abutment immersed in the artificial saliva for 24 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different aloys had different steady-state potentials, and the range of passivation region was the largest for gold aloy, folowed by titanium abutments and titanium aloys, and the smalest for nickel-chromium aloy. After 24 hours of immersion in the artificial saliva, passivation films appeared on the surface of different materials. under the scanning electron microscope, the nickel-chromium aloy surface showed obvious traces of corrosion and there were a large number of large-diameter deep pits, but no corrosion occurred on the surface of the remaining three kinds of aloys; on the surface of nickel-chromium aloy, the contents of chromium, molybdenum and aluminum were decreased, and the contents of nickel and oxygen were increased, but there were stil no changes on the surface of the remaining aloys. Cr2O3 was found on the surfaceof nickel-chromium aloy, TiO2 was generated on the surface of titanium abutment and titanium aloy, but Au and Pt stil existed in a single phase on the surface of gold aloy. These findings indicate that titanium aloy and titanium abutment have similar corrosion resistance that is inferior to the gold aloy, but better than the nickel-chromium aloy.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from Selaginella sinensis.Methods The compounds were isolated with Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40,silica gel column chromatography.The structures of these compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses.Results Eleven compounds were isolated from the 70% acetone-extracts and their structures were identified as ?-sitosterol(Ⅰ),vanillic acid(Ⅱ),(7S,8R)-4,9,9′-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-7,8-dihydrobenzofuran-1′-propylneolignan(Ⅲ),syringaresinol(Ⅳ),(-)-pinoresinol(Ⅴ),pinoresinol-4-O?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅵ),syringaresinol-4,4′-O-di-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅶ),?-methylD-xylopyranoside(Ⅷ),?-methyl-D-arabinopyranoside(Ⅸ),hinokiflavone(Ⅹ),and amentoflavone(Ⅺ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅱ-Ⅸ are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective:To collect the bioburden information in clean room to understand the bioburden status, find out weak points and risks in microbial control and improve the management efficiency in clean room. Methods: According to GB/T 16293-2010 and the standard operation practice ( SOP) in our lab, the bioburden information was obtained by the collection and identification of air-borne microbe and surface bacteria in the four main areas of clean room ( microbial limit test room, sterile room 1 and 2, positive room) and on the person entered clean room. Results:The preliminarily established bioburden information indicated that the main mi-croorganism in clean room was Micrococcus and Staphylococcus. The detection rate of fungi was about 5% in clean room. Conclusion:The movement of people and goods in clean room should be strengthened, and samples should be with thorough disinfection.

Objective To compare the efficacy of transumbilical-ultrafine gastroscope sympathectomy for severe palmar hyperhidrosis using two distinct levels of T3 and T4.Methods A total of 84 cases with severe primary hyperhidrosis were randomly allocated to undergo either T3 sympathectomy treatment (T3 group, n =42) or T4 sympathectomy treatment (T4 group, n =42) with no difference between the two groups.The operation time, postoperative hospital stay, patient's hands hyperhidrosis, axillary hyperhidrosis,complications were recorded at follow-up in 1,3,6,12 months.Results Operation on 84 patients were successful with mean operative time of T3 group being 55.02 ± 10.61 min and T4 group being 55.36 ± 10.51 min(P ＞ 0.05).The mean postoperative hospital stay were both 1.5 days.Patients were followed up for diaphragmatic hernia, umbilical hernia, Horner's syndrome and other serious complications for 12 months.No postoperative recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis, severe compensatory sweating occurred in either group.The number of improved patients in T3 group's palmar hyperhidrosis,axillary hyperhidrosis, and foot hyperhidrosis were :42/42 cases, 10/16 cases, 21/29 cases, while those in T4 group were: 42/42 cases,16/17 cases 18/28 cases.Axillary hyperhidrosis improved to a larger extent in T4 group than in T3 group (P ＜0.05).There were 16(15 mild and 1 moderate)compensatory sweating in T3 group and 7(6 mild and 1 moderate) compensatory sweating in T4 group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion T3 and T4 thoracic sympathectomy using transumbilical-ultrafine gastroscope for primary palmar hyperhidrosis are safe, effective, and feasible.T4 sympathectomy is more effective in improving axillary hyperhidrosis than T3 and shows lower occurrence of postoperative compensatory hyperhidrosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of pre- hospital emergency care programs in children with febrile seizures,in order to reduce damage by febrile seizures and obtain the best firstaid effect. Methods 112 cases of children with febrile seizures were treated in pediatric department of our hospital from April 2009 to February 2011.The parents of 75 children patients were given guidance of prehospital emergency care,they were set as the pre-hospital emergency care group.The other 37 cases were set as the non-pre-hospital emergency care group,routine emergency care was given until the medical personnel arrived at the spot.The conditions of aspiration,tongue bite injury,another episode of febrile seizures and brain damage were recorded in two groups of children. Results Only one case of aspiration and three cases of febrile seizures occurred in the pre-hospital emergency care group by misoperation of parents.Non brain damage and tongue bite injury occurred.The incidence rate of improper consequences was 5.3％in the pre-hospital emergency care group,lower than that of the non-pre-hospital emergency care group,51.4％. Conclusions To give pre-hospital emergency care guidance to parents of children patients by mobile phones before the health care workers reach the spot can significantly reduce accidental injury of children,stabilize the emotion of parents,decrease the impact of seizures on children,all the above has a positive effect on follow-up treatment.

Objective To explore the relationship between the level of morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and High-sensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP) in acute coronary events among old patients and to evaluate their clinical value. Methods One hundred and twenty - three patients with coronary disease were divided into two groups, each of which was old myocardial infarction(OMI, n = 55) and old myocardial infarction with acute cardiovascular syndrome (OMI + ACS, n =68). The control group includes the patients without coronary disease( n =50). The patients who have infection, malignant tumors, liver and kidney dysfunction, blood diseases, valvular heart diseases, congenital heart diseases, aortic dissection,secondary hypertension were not included. All groups were received 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to calculate MBPS and the determination of hs-CRP in serum. Results Compared with each two groups, the levels of MBPS and hs-CRP in OMI group were significantly higher than those of the control group (0. 01 ＜ P ＜0. 05) , and had more significance in the other groups ( P ＜0.01). The levels of MBPS and hs-CRP had positive relationship in coronary events in the elderly ( r =0. 76, P ＜0. 01) . Conclusion The level of MBPS is positively correlated with serum hs-CRP which is one of key risk factors of inflammatory reactions by impairing vessels in body. The two factors both play important roles in the occurrence and the development of coronary events among old patients. They both have important clinical value in recurrent acute coronary events among old patients.

Objective To explore the diagnosis,treatment,risk factors and prognosis factors of postpancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage (PPH).Methods The retrospective case-control study was adopted.The clinical data of 703 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy at Hospital 401 of the People's Liberation Army from January 2008 to July 2013 were collected.Standard pancreatoduodenectomy was carried out for the malignant tumors of the head of pancreas or ampulla,pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy was operated for the benign tumor or the duodenal papilla tumor.The corresponding treatment was adopted for PPH.The observation indicators included:(1) the surgical situation (surgical method,operation time and the volume of intraoperative blood loss),(2) diagnosis of PPH,(3) treatment of PPH,(4) univariate and multivariate analyses for the risk factors affecting the occurrence of PPH,(5) univariate and multivariate analyses for the risk factors affecting prognosis of PPH patients.The measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x ± s.The measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range).The chi-square test or Fisher exact probability was used for univariate analysis.Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results (1) The surgical situation:among 703 patients,409 patients underwent standard pancreatoduodenectomy and 294 underwent pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy,including 1 combined with right hemihepatectomy,27 with portal vein reconstruction and 2 with hepatic artery reconstruction.Pancreaticojejunostomy was applied to 658 patients using mucosa anastomosis of the pancreatic duct to jejunum and 45 patients using invagination anastomosis.Supporting tube was routinely deposed in the pancreatic duct,598 patients had internal drainage and 105 patients had external drainage.The end-to-side anastomosis between common bile duct and jejunum was used for choledochojejunostomy.The 409 patients received the gastrojejunostomy using side-to-side anastomosis of gastric part and jejunum and 294 patients using end-to-side anastomosis of duodenum and jejunum.Operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (324 ± 54) minutes and (428 ± 118) mL.(2) The diagnosis of PPH:among 703 patients after pancreatoduodenectomy,62 patients had PPH,the hemorrhage reasons of 38 patients had been identified,and the hemorrhage reasons of 24 patients had not been identified (A level in 5 patients,B level in 17 patients,C level in 2 patients).① The site of hemorrhage:the hemorrhage outside the cavity were detect in 27 patients,the hemorrhage inside the cavity in 28 patients,and the hemorrhage from both outside and inside part of the cavity in 7 patients.② The time of hemorrhage:early-stage hemorrhage were detected in 5 patients and the delayed hemorrhage in 57 patients.③The volume of postoperative blood loss was (885 ± 253)mL,30 patients had mild hemorrhage and 32 patients had severe hemorrhage.④ The clinical classification of PPH:5,32 and 25 patients were detected in level A,B,C,and 19 patients combined with sentinel hemorrhage.(3) The treatment of PPH:①5 patients with PPH in A level were given clinical observation,blood volume supplement and other treatment,then the symptoms gradually turned better.② Among 32 patients with PPH in B level,15 patients became better after symptomatic and supportive treatments,6 patients received successful hemostasis after guglielmi detachable colis embolization,4 patients received successful hemostasis under gastroscopic hemostasis,7 patients received emergency exploratory laparotomy.Thirty-two patients were improved and then out of hospital after treatment,without occurrence of death.③ Among 25 patients with PPH in C level,4 patients received successful hemostasis after guglielmi detachable colis embolization,17 patients received hemostasis by emergency exploratory laparotomy,4 patients with undiscovered bleeding points received the treatment of fluid infusion,blood volume supplement and antacid.Among 25 patients after corresponding treatment,10 patients were improved and 15 patients were dead.(4) The result of univariate analysis showed that the combined hypertension,vascular resection and reconstruction,postoperative pancreatic leakage and postoperative intraabdominal infection were risk factors affecting the occurrence of PPH (x2 =4.950,5.300,7.568,5.505,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the combined pancreatic leakage and postoperative intraabdominal infection were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of PPH [OR =2.761,2.216,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.389-5.489,1.198-4.101,P ＜ 0.05].(5) The risk factors affecting the prognosis of PPH patients:the results of univariate analysis showed that postoperative sentinel hemorrhage,postoperative pancreatic leakage,site,degree and level of hemorrhage were risk factors affecting the prognosis of PPH patients (x2 =8.022,4.448,11.853,18.551,28.285,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that postoperative sentinel hemorrhage and site of hemorrhage (outside and inside part of the cavity) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of PPH patients (OR =5.550,0.233,95％ CI:1.595-19.314,0.086-0.635,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Pancreatic leakage and intraabdominal infection are independent risk factors after pancreatoduodenectomy.The treatment effect of the early-stage hemorrhage is better than that of the delayed hemorrhage,and angiographic embolization is the first choice of diagnosis and treatment for the delayed hemorrhage.Sentinel hemorrhage could result from aneurysm or continuous arterial hemorrhage of vascular erosion,it is the independent risk factor affecting the death of hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Objective To explore the relationship between the damage of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) astrocytes (AS) and the onset of NMO, and investigate the relevance of AS damage with the severity of the patients with functional defect. Methods The levels of aquaprin4-antibody (AQP4 -Ab), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), apolipoprotein(ApoE),interleukins-6(IL-6), interleukins-10(IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF ) and serum of 30 acute NMO patients were tested by means of ELISA. The results were later compared with control group. And analysis of the relevance of the various index of the levels in CSF with the CSF AQP4-Ab level, the acute phase expanded disability status scale(EDSS) score of the NMO group were made. Results (1)The NMO group in CSF and serum AQP4-Ab, GFAP, IL-6 levels were higher than the control group (P < 0.05), and ApoE, IL-10 levels were lower than the control group (P < 0.05). (2)The CSF GFAP, ApoE, IL-6 in NMO group is higher than the serum (P < 0.05), and CSF AQP4-Ab, IL-10 levels were lower than the serum ( P < 0 . 05 ) . ( 3 ) The CSF GFAP , IL-6 levels and the CSF AQP4-Ab level were positively correlated (r=0.749, r=0.526, P<0.05), and the CSF ApoE, IL-10 levels were negatively correlated with CSF AQP4-Ab level(r = -0.571, r = -0.676, P < 0.05). (4)The CSF AQP4-Ab, GFAP, IL-6 levels and the acute phase EDSS score were positively correlated (P < 0.05), the CSF ApoE, IL-10 levels were negatively correlated with the acute phase EDSS score (P < 0.05). Conclusion The AS damage exists in the NMO and the damage severity may correlate with patient function defect. AQP4-Ab, GFAP, IL-6 may play important roles in the onset of NMO and the disease aggravating. The decrease of the ApoE and IL-10 may exacerbate NMO damage.