Immunologic classification of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) was carried out by using 11 - 13 kinds of monoclonal antibodies against human leucocyte differentiation antigens in 19 cases. The results showed that of these 19 cases, there were T-ALL in 4, B-ALL in 4, C-ALL in 7, AUL in 2 and hybrid type of ALL (H-ALL) in 2. The 5 types mentioned above could also be classified, according to the immunologic criteria described by Foon in 1986, into 3 major groups: T-ALL, non-T-ALL and H-ALL. The Foon's classification method is useful for judgement of malignant cell source and differentiated stage, and for further understanding the nature of ALL cells.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of HZ08, a novel P-glycoprotein inhibitor, on reversing tumor resistance of K562/ADM to adriamycin in nude mice and on the activities of cytochromes P-450 (GYP) isoforms. Methods: Nude mice bearing K562/ADM were injected at different doses of HZ08 with adriamycin for 4 weeks. The tumor weights of HZ08 treatment groups were determined and compared to those of the control and positive groups. In addition, the effects of HZ08 were examined on GYP isoforms-mediated metabolism of specific substrates by GYP isoforms in rat liver microsomes in the presence or absence of HZ08. Results: The tumor weights of HZ08 treatment groups were significantly decreased and HZ08 was a relatively potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, with no significant effects on other isoforms tested. Conclusion: HZ08 has potent effects on reversing P-glycoprotein mediated tumor multidrug resistance in rive with little influence on cytoehrome P-450 activities of rat liver.

Objective To review the clinical treatment and outcome of ultrasonographic soft markers in prenatal diagnostics. Methods This study recruited 268 pregnant women who underwent prenatal diagnostics in our hospital between Jun 2005 to Mar 2009. Fetuses were followed up postnatally. The outcome and chromosomal abnormalities of ultrasonographic soft markers were assessed. Results Of 268 cases consulted, 29 cases were missed (10.8%), 34 cases (12.7%) chose abortion, and 205 cases (76.5%) delivered. The top four most common delivered isolated markers were thickened nuchal fold, mild pyelectasis, echogenic bowel and rhizomelic limb shortening. Mild ventriculomegals had the highest aborted rate (17.2%). Six chromosomal structural abnormalities and one 21-trisome were detected in 59 fetuses who received chromosomal examination. Conclusions Ultrasonographic soft markers are risks to both fetal trisome and chromosomal structural abnormalities. Owing to extinction in most cases, consultant should be strengthed to avoid unnecessary invasive examination and abortion.

In order to study the therapeutic time window of dimethylaminoethyl ginkgolide B mesylate(XQ-1H) in the permanent focal ischemia of rat,we used the rat model of the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO).Doses of 15.6,7.8 and 3.9 mg/kg of XQ-1 H were intravenously administered at 0.5,1,2,3 h after MCAO,respectively.Neurological scores,infarct sizes,water contents and pathological changes in each interval were determined at 72 h after MCAO.It was observed that XQ-1 H administered at 0.5 and 1 h after MCAO significantly reduced the cerebral infarct size and edema,and produced significant reductions in the neurological deficits.The protective effect of XQ-1H on the neuron cells was proved by pathological observations.In addition,the contents of MDA,lactate,and the activities of SOD were measured.Reduction in the contents of MDA and lactate and enhancement in the activities of SOD were attributed to the pretreatment of XQ-1H at 0.5 and 1 h.Our results showed that the therapeutic time window of XQ-1H extended for up to 1 h after MCAO.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of implantation of flexible open-loop anterior chamber intraocular lens (FOAC-IOLs) and scleral fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOLs).Methods Sixty-eight eyes of 68 patients with implanted intraocular lenses in the absence of posterior capsular support were reviewed retrospectively. According to the type of intraocular lens, patients were classified into two groups. In groupⅠ (30 eyes), FOAC-IOLs was implanted primarily or secondarily. In group Ⅱ (38 eyes), scleral fixated PC-IOLs was implanted primarily or secondarily. By gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), accurate positions of IOLs' haptics and the relationship between the haptics and surrounding tissues were observed postoperatively and used to evaluate the influence of the two types of IOLs on ocular anterior segments. Follow-up was 6 to 20 months. Results Best corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 27 eyes (90.0%) in group Ⅰ, and 35 eyes (92.1%) in group Ⅱ and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In group Ⅰ, 23 eyes (76.7%) had a total of 40 complications, while 13 eyes (34.2%) had 19 complications in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). Gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy showed that in group Ⅰ, all haptics of IOLs contacted with the iris completely and compressed the iris to different degrees, sometimes causing the anterior chamber angles to widen. Anterior synechia of the iris was caused by the haptics of FOAC-IOLs in 12 eyes. Among the 60 IOLs haptics, 39 foot plates of the haptics were properly fixed at the ciliary band; 21 haptics (12 eyes) penetrated through the iris into the stroma of the ciliary body with accompanying recurrent uveitis. In group Ⅱ, among the 76 IOLs haptics, 52 were adequately fixed in the ciliary sulcus regions, and 8 (8 eyes) were placed below the iris, causing goniosynechia. This type of angle closure was localized, with an open angle on each side of the haptics. The remaining 16 haptics were fixed onto the ciliary crown.Conclusions The current sutured mode of scleral fixated PC-IOLs can not ensure that IOLs haptics are placed in the ciliary sulcus. The haptics of FOAC-IOLs compress the iris and may penetrate through the iris into the stroma of the ciliary body. This can cause peripheral iris anterior synechia and chronic recurrent uveitis. The implantation of scleral fixated PC-IOLs is safer and shows better effects than that of FOAC-IOLs.

Objective: To observe the ocular histopathological changes aftereyeball enucleation induced by corneal trauma.Methods: Light microscopic examination was done on 117 eyeball specimens enucleated after corneal trauma (18 with corneal fissure and 99 with corneal perforating trauma).Results: Acute, subacute or chronic inflammatory changes, and fibrous membrane formation were observed in well-closed corneal wounds, whereas inflammation, atrophy and scar were observed in the focal tissues. But at the late period, secondary glaucoma, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis and eyeball atrophy resulted in blindness. Corneal fistula was observed in those with inadequate cure of wounds caused by ingrowth of corneal epithelium, embedment of iris and vitreous body, and large area of centrally located tissue deficiency of the corneal. A high incidence of endophthalmitis was noted due to the presence of corneal fistula. Severe inflammation was observed in the anterior segmental tissues with fibrous infiltration in the anterior chamber, which might result in rapid destruction of the eyeballs.Conclusions: Ocular pathology varies with the difference of the position, form, size and closing conditions of the corneal laceration after trauma.

OBJECTIVESTo observe the expression of betaig-h3 in normal cornea and keratoconus and to elucidate the role of extracellular matrix in keratoconus.

METHODSIn situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of betaig-h3 in the cornea. The cDNA library was screened with human betaig-h3 cDNA probe to locate betaig-h3 mRNA in cells.

RESULTSExpression of betaig-h3 was found mainly in the stroma of the normal cornea and keratoconus, but decrease depending on the degree of keratopathy. In some serious cases, no expression signal was detected. The strongest expression was seen at the border of the normal region and keratoconus.

CONCLUSIONSbetaig-h3, the structural component of the extracellular matrix, can affect cell adhensiveness in the development of corneal fibrous interstitial organization. During the development of keratoconus, decreasing levels of betaig-h3 cause the diminution of corneal steadiness, which is related to formation of keratoconus.

Cornea ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Wound Healing

Child ; Chromosome Duplication ; genetics ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Facies ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 ; genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sex Chromosome Disorders ; diagnosis ; genetics

Models of acute and chronic liver injury in mice were established using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and ethanol to explore the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum spore glycopeptide on liver injury.Different dosage of Ganoderma lucidum spore glycopeptide (65,130,260 mg/kg) were given by gavage.The liver index and the levels of serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were determined.The contents of liver interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The pathological injury of liver tissue was observed by HE staining.The results showed that Ganoderma lucidum spore glycopeptide could significantly reduce the liver index and the contents of serum AST and ALT in mice of acute and chronic liver injury.In mice of chronic liver injury induced by CCl4, Ganoderma lucidum spore glycopeptide could significantly decrease the contents of liver IL-6, TNF-α and iNOS, and alleviate the pathological damage of liver tissue.Results suggested that Ganoderma lucidum spore glycopeptide might reduce acute and chronic liver injury with anti-inflammatory effects in mice.

Objective: To explore the association between preeclampsia/eclampsia and maternal and fetal angiotensinogen SNPs. Methods: From January 2008 to October 2015, a case-parents/mother-control designed study was conducted among 347 preeclampsia/eclampsia cases and 700 controls to collect related information on their demographic characteristics and to detect the related angiotensinogen SNPs’ genotypes. Both log-linear and unconditional logistic regression methods were employed to investigate the genetic effects of maternal/fetal angiotensinogen SNPs on preeclampsia/eclampsia. Multivariate binary unconditional logistic regression model and covariance were used to analyze the relationship between BMI before pregnancy, weight gain during pregnancy and overweight and obesity in preschool children. Results: Both fetal angiotensinogen rs3789679 GA and AA genotype were associated with the reduced risks of preeclampsia/eclampsia, with ORs as 0.73 (95%CI: 0.55-0.96) and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.39-0.98), respectively. For fetal angiotensinogen rs2493132, individuals that carrying the TT genotype, presented a positive association with the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia, with OR as 1.60 (95%CI: 1.08-2.37). However, these associations were not statistically significant after the correction of the false discovery rate. It was observed that fetal rs3789679 could reduce the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.55-0.96) under the dominant model (GA+AA/GG) while fetal rs2493132 increased the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.13-2.44) under the recessive model (TT/CC+CT). Maternal rs5051 presented an association with preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.01-1.76) under the dominant model (TC+CC/TT). Conclusions Results from the dominant model showed that both fetal rs3789679 GA and AA genotype reduced the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia and maternal rs5051 TC while CC genotype increased the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia. Fetal rs2493132 TT genotype seemed to be associated with the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia under the recessive model.