The membrane microviscosity and insulin receptor of erythrocytes were determined by fluorescence polarization analysis and insulin radioligand binding assay simultaneously. The patients with Parkinson disease (PD) had increased membrane microviscosity (P

The lymphatic system plays an important role in the humoral circulation, immune activity and cancer metastasis, but the morphological characteristics of this system have to be studied thoroughly in order to adapt to the modern medicine development. Lymphatic vessels are hardly observed in general cadaveric dissection since their channels are tiny and transparent. Therefore, the improvement of the inspection techniques is the key factor for further study of the lymphatic system. In the early stage of lymphatic study, the researchers could only observe the distribution of the lymphatic vessels and nodes of the mesentery, chyle cistern and thoracic duct in postprandial mammals by anatomic dissection, but were unable to investigate the entire system of the body. Great progress in the study has been made with utilizing the direct lymphatic perfusion with mercury as a medium. Then, because of the toxicity of mercury, it was replaced by indirect injection with other instances, like dye, ink, radioisotope etc, which helped achieving rapid progress in the anatomic study and clinical application. The knowledge of the lymphatic system of the body in existing textbooks is largely based on the early anatomical studies, but quite often it does not explain some of the unexpected clinical findings. In early 2000s, a modified method of lymphatic perfusion has been applied for investigating the human lymphatic system. It has been confirmed that there could be significant differences in the lymphatic distribution of individuals. This paper reviews the current investigative approaches of lymphatic distribution of the upper extremity, from a historical perspective.

To improve the blast resistance of elite rice restorer line Fuhui 673, 3 blast resistance genes Pi-1, Pi-9 and Pi-kh were introduced into Fuhui 673 from a good-quality restorer line Jinhui 1059 through 3 successive backcrosses followed by one selfing using the technique of marker-assisted selection. Ten near-isogenic lines (NILs) of Fuhui 673 carrying the 3 introduced resistance genes were created. Genotype analysis using 68 SSR markers evenly distributed in the genome indicated that 92.96%-98.59% of the NILs' genetic background had been recovered to Fuhui 673. Both indoor and field resistance tests indicated that the NILs and their hybrids with sterile line Yixiang A were all resistant to rice blast, with resistance levels significantly higher than those of controls Fuhui 673 and hybrid Yiyou 673 (Yixiang A  Fuhui 673). In addition, among the 10 hybrids between the NILs and Yixiang A, 2 showed significantly higher yield than and 4 displayed similar yield to that of control Yiyou 673, suggesting that most of the NILs retained the elite characteristics of Fuhui 673. Two new hybrid rice cultivars Liangyou 7283 and Jintaiyou 683 from NIL Line 9 showed high yield, good resistance to blast and moderate growth period in regional trial, suggesting that the NIL Line 9 has a good prospect for application.
Breeding ; Disease Resistance ; genetics ; Genes, Plant ; genetics ; Oryza ; genetics