Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) has been found as a ubiquitous environmental pollutant with reproductive and developmental toxicity. The characteristics of reproductive and developmental toxicity of DBP, the mechanisms of the toxicity and effects on human health were reviewed in this paper according to the toxic effects on pregnant animals exposed to DBP, which might provide reference for the further study on toxicity of DBP and preventive measures.

Objective To investigate the exposure levels of organic pollutants in child-bearing age women body. Methods The blood and urine specimens were collected simultaneously from each of 8 health women, aged 23-32 years, the organics were extracted with hexane and determined qualitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) for each specimen. Results In blood, 34 kinds of organic compounds had been detected , at average of (8.63?5.01 )kinds per person. Di-n-butyl phthalate (100%) and 14-bate-H-pregna (75.0%) revealed the highest detectable rates. In urine, 39 kinds of organic compounds had been identified, at average of (10.63?1.30) kinds per person, di-n-butyl phthalate(100%), HANFETT(100%), 14-bate-H-pregna(87.5%), docosane (87.5%), di-isobutyl phthalate(75.0%) were the chemicals noticed more frequently. Some kinds of these identified organics compounds were environmental toxic pollutants. Conclusion This study suggested that toxic organic pollutants had existed in child-bearing age women body, phthalic acid esters were the chemicals checked out more frequently. Their potential adverse health effects on women and offspring should be paid highly attention to.

Objective To investigate the effect of poractant alfa injection(PS) on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS).Methods According to the digital table,80 cases of NRDS were randomly divided into the control group (40 cases) and the treatment group (40 cases).Both two groups were treated by mechanical ventilation and conventional symptomatic,supportive treatment.The treatment group was given PS intratracheal injection,the control group was given 0.9％ sodium chloride injection intratracheal injection.The clinical symptoms,blood gas analysis and the improvement of X-ray chest film were dynamicly observed,the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.Results In the treatment group,PaO2 returned to ＞ 60mmHg time,PaCO2 returned to ＜ 50mmHg time,mechanical ventilation time were (2.13 ± 0.21) h,(12.56 ± 0.11) h,(18.2 ± 0.33) h,which were shorter than those in the control group [(12.41 ± 0.13) h,(89.87 ± 0.26) h,(76.13 ± 0.65) h,t =2.632,2.403,1.895,all P ＜ 0.05] ;39 cases in the treatment group were cured(97.5％),30 cases in the control group were cured(75.0％),the difference of cure rate between the two groups was statistically significant(x2 =8.53,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of comnplications such as pulnonary hemorrhage,pneumothorax,intracranial hemorrhage in the treatment group was 7.5％,which was significantly lower than 32.5％ in the control group (x2 =7.81,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PS in the treatment of NRDS has obvious curative effect and less adverse reactions,it can be used in clinical application.

Twelve community nursing managers were interviewed.The consensus was reached that there should be 4 main themes concerning evaluation indicators of community nursing quality:necessity,content,format and expectation.The interviewed nursing managers expressed their need for a system of community nursing quality evaluation,and those indicators should be comprehensive,concrete and practical.The format of evaluation should facilitate the development of nursing quality and the criteria should meet the requirements of Minister of Health and international standards.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum amyloid A (SAA) in patients adipose tissue with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the correlations between SAA and insulin resistance (IR) and body mass index (BMI).Methods A total of 60 single full-term pregnant women underwent cesarean section from June 2013 to December 2013 was enrolled in this study (GDM group,n =30;control group,n =30);serum SAA level was detected with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA);and mRNA expression of SAA1 in adipose tissue was determined by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR);SPSS software was used to compare these markers,and the correlations between SAA and HOMA-IR,BMI were analyzed with Pearson correlation method.Results SAA,mRNA expressions in omental and subcutaneous fat in GDM group (0.447 ± 0.069,0.291 ± 0.067) were significantly higher than those in control group (0.194 ± 0.070,0.231 ± 0.068,P ＜ 0.01).Serum SAA levels [(21.038 ± 6.648) mg/L] and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) (4.168± 2.416) in GDM group were significantly higher than those in control group [(14.384 ± 12.770) mg/L,2.045 ± 1.008,P ＜ 0.05];SAA1 mRNA expression levels in omental and subcutaneous fat were positively correlated with serum SAA (r =0.353,0.342,P ＜ 0.01).SAA1 mRNA expression levels in omental were positively correlated to pregestational BMI,late gestational BMI,weight gain in pregnancy and HOMA-IR (r =0.543,0.644,0.340,0.473,P ＜ 0.01),and SAA1 mRNA expression levels in subcutaneous fat were positively correlated to pregestational BMI,late gestational BMI,and HOMA-IR (r =0.788,0.693,0.504,P ＜ 0.01),but was no correlation with weight gain in pregnancy(r =0.013,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions SAA mRNA expressions in omental and subcutaneous fat in GDM group and serum SAA levels increase,which is positively correlated with BMI and the degree of insulin resistance,SAA may participate in the formation of GDM by increasing insulin resistance.SAA may be used as a new monitor of GDM.

Objective To investigate the value of the application of fibrobronchoscopy in extubation for patients suffering from acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)with low cough peak expiratory flow(CPEF). Methods A single-center prospective controlled study was conducted. The ventilated AECOPD patients who were cooperative at the time of extubation in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2009 to May 2014 were enrolled. All patients successfully passed the spontaneous breathing trial(SBT). Extubation was performed after determination of CPEF following energetic coughing. According to the CPEF,the patients were divided into CPEF≥60 L/min group (high CPEF group)and CPEF<60 L/min group(low CPEF group). After extubation,fibrobronchoscopic drainage was given to the patients in high CPEF group when necessary. Fibrobronchoscopic drainage was given to the patients in low CPEF group at least once a day,and the frequency of such treatment could be increased according to the patient's condition. If the patients did not require re-intubation within 48 hours,extubation was recorded as successful. The gender,age,acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score before extubation,ventilation time,the time of intensive care unit(ICU)stay,the mortality in ICU,the rate of re-intubation,the ability to cough and the frequency of application of fibrobronchoscopy after extubation were recorded. Results A total of 102 patients with AECOPD were enrolled,58 patients in high CPEF group and 44 in low CPEF group. Compared with high CPEF group,the mean age in low CPEF group was older(years:74.3±15.2 vs. 69.5±11.4,t=2.164,P=0.041),the time of ICU stay was significantly longer(days:20.1±11.2 vs. 17.4±7.3,t=2.274,P=0.030), but there was no significant difference in gender〔male/female(cases):35/9 vs. 45/13,χ2=0.057,P=0.812〕, APACHEⅡscore(11.9±1.9 vs. 10.3±4.2,t=1.290,P=0.200),mechanical ventilation time(days:14.8±10.8 vs. 13.3±9.6,t=0.677,P=0.501)and the rate of re-intubation〔18.18%(8/44)vs. 12.07%(7/58),χ2=1.412, P=0.235〕between low CPEF group and high CPEF group. The cough strength of patients in high CPEF group was almost alwaysstrong(52 cases),and in the low CPEF group,most of them wasmoderate(14 cases)orweak(26 cases). The frequency of application of fibrobronchoscopy in low CPEF group was higher than that in high CPEF group(times:4.1±1.8 vs. 1.3±0.9,t=2.626,P=0.011). All patients underwent weaning successfully,and no death occurred. Conclusion The application of fibrobronchoscopy in the extubated AECOPD patients with low CPEF can reduce the rate of re-intubation,avoid the prolonged ventilation,but cannot reduce the time of ICU stay.

Objective To investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) , hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF 1?) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their clinical significance. Methods The expressions of VEGF, HIF 1? and EGF in 36 cases of HCC and corresponding paraneoplastic tissues and normal liver tissues (6 cases) were studied by immunohistochemistry assay. ResultsThe expression rate of VEGF, HIF 1? and EGF in HCC tissue was 89%, 67% and 75% respectively, higher than those in paraneoplastic tissues and normal liver tissues ( P

Objective To investigate the influence of remote care management on the diet compliance and disease recurrence of patients with pancreatitis. Methods Seventy-four simple pancreatitis patients in our hospital from January 2013 to March 2014 were involved and numbered according to the administration order and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table with 37 cases in each group. The two groups accepted conventional health education during hospitalization time. The control group was given intensive classes after discharge, while the observation group received remote care management. Twelve months later, the rate of disease recurrence and diet compliance of the two groups were observed and compared. Results After the management, the observation group was superior to the control group in diet compliance. The rate of disease recurrence was significantly lower in the observation group than that of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion The remote care management can effectively improve the diet compliance of pancreatic patients, lower the recurrence rate, and have positive effect on prognosis.

Objective To investigate the high risk factors for pneumonia-related bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) in ventilated patients. Methods A retrospective observation was conducted. The data of invasive-ventilated patients underwent AB pneumonia admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease from January 2011 to December 2015 were enrolled. The patients were divided into non-AB-BSI group and AB-BSI group. The following factors were evaluated including gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score at admission of intensive care unit (ICU), clinic pulmonary infection score (CPIS), underlying disease, neutropenia or agranulocytosis, hemoptysis, treatment of steroid or immunosuppressant in recent 3 months, central venous catheter (CVC), parenteral nutrition (PN), combined antibiotic therapy after the diagnose of AB pneumonia, duration of mechanical ventilation and the resistance of AB. The risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis to confirm the independent high risk factors for the pneumonia-related BSI caused by AB in ventilated patients. Results 612 patients were enrolled, 561 patients in non-BSI group, and 51 in BSI group with 5-year BSI incidence of 8.3%. There was no significant difference in gender or age between the two groups. Compared with non-BSI group, the APACHE Ⅱ score (20.8±9.2 vs. 17.3±5.5) and CPIS (7.1±3.9 vs. 5.6±1.6) in BSI group were significantly increased (both P < 0.05). The patients with CPIS > 6 [80.4% (41/51) vs. 28.0% (157/561)], chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases [COPD, 86.3% (44/51) vs. 46.7% (262/561)], diabetes mellitus [DM, 25.5% (13/51) vs. 14.8% (83/561)] in BSI group were more than patients in non-BSI group, the incidence of heart failure [HF, 5.9% (3/51) vs. 23.5% (132/561)] was significantly decreased, and the incidence of hemoptysis [27.4% (14/51) vs. 3.4% (19/561)], therapy of steroid or immunosuppressant [19.6% (10/51) vs. 7.8% (44/561)] and duration of mechanical ventilation > 14 days [80.4% (41/51) vs. 48.5% (272/561)] were significant increased (all P < 0.05); no significant difference was found in other parameters between the two groups, including gender, age, other underlying diseases, neutropenia or agranulocytosis, CVC, PN, combined antibiotic therapy, and resistance of AB. It was showed by logistic regression analysis that CPIS > 6 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.513, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.400-20.439, P = 0.011], history of COPD (OR = 1.921, 95%CI = 0.068-5.603, P = 0.030), the treatment of steroid or immunosuppressant (OR = 2.012, 95%CI = 0.556-16.313, P = 0.021) and hemoptysis (OR = 1.866, 95%CI = 1.114-6.213, P = 0.037) were the independent risk factors for the pneumonia-related BSI caused by AB in ventilated patients. Conclusion CPIS > 6, history of COPD, the therapy of steroid or immunosuppressant and hemoptysis were the independent risk factors for the pneumonia-related BSI caused by AB in ventilated patients.

Gene deletion vector pLJ04(pKC1139∷bkdF+bkdH)was used to disrupt bkdFGH in Streptomyces avermitilis 76-02-e,an industrial producer of anthelmintic avermectin.The disruptants were confirmed by PCR.Shake flask experiment and HPLC analysis showed that the mutant lost the ability to produce avermectins.As it is expected,the mutant,named S.avermitilis bkd76-3,could restore the ability of producing avermectins when the feeding of methylbutyric acid and isobutyric acid to its fermentations was carried out.The addition of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid(CHC)into fermentations of the S.avermitilis bkd76-3 allowed for production of four components,two of which was confirmed as CHC-B1 and CHC-A2 by LC/MS analysis,respectively.