Objective A retrospective cohort study was carried out to observe the long-term effect of ESD in treating early gastrointestinal cancer or precancerous lesions. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 73 patients were collected. Kaplan-Meier, Log-rank and Breslow test and Cox's proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the data. Results The median survival time in the gastric and colo-rectal early cancer or precancerous lesions is longer than 65 months in our study, respectively. For esophagus, the median survival time was 44.5 months; the disease free survival time (DFS) after ESD was significantly reduced in the esophagus, compared to the stomach and colo-rectum (χ2 = 12.61, P = 0.000; χ2 = 7.09, P = 0.008); the degree of atypia (or infiltration), and lesion size were considered to be two factors to influence the DFS after ESD (P = 0.027, OR^ =2.38, 95%CI:1.10 ~ 5.12, P = 0.074, 95%CI; OR^ =0.90, 95%CI: 0.80 ~ 1.01). Conclusion ESD is an effective curative treatment in the resection of early upper gastrointestinal cancer and precancerous lesions. The degree of atypia (or infiltration) was concluded as an independent risk factor for the DFS post-ESD, and the size of lesion was a valuable parameter with regard to the recurrence after ESD procedure.

Objective To compare the diagnostic efficacies of narrow-band imaging (NBI) in distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions with routine endoscopy and with magnifying endoscopy. Methods Patients with colorectal lesions detected by NBI from September 2008 to February 2010 were enrolled in the study. These lesions were classified by pit pattern and capillary pattern, which was then assessed by reference to histopathology. Results A total of 100 patients with colorectal lesions were enrolled, and the lesions were observed by NBI with ordinary endoscopy (n =64) and NBI with magnifying endoscopy (n =36), respectively, and 7 cases (5 in NBI with ordinary endoscopy and 2 in NBI with magnifying endoscopy) which did not meet the diagnostic criteria were excluded. The overall diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy in distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions was 91.4% ( 85/93 ), in which NBI with ordinary endoscopy and magnifying endoscopy was 89. 8% (53/59) and 94. 1% (32/34),respectively, with both significantly higher than that of conventional colonoscopy reported in the literature (79. 1% ) (P ＜ 0. 05 ). However, no significant difference was detected between 2 methods ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Conclusion Similar with NBI magnifying endoscopy, NBI endoscopy without high magnification may also be useful to distinguish neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions.

AIM and METHODS: After the fine carbon fiber powder was injected into the right subdural space of the mice, dynamic observation was carried out on their movement and histopathological changes. RESULTS: 1-52 weeks after the injecting, no neurological changes concerning with the implanting of the carbon fiber powder were found in the experimental mice. The fine carbon fiber extensively located on the inter surface of the dura mater membrane of the right temporalis and the out surface of pie mater. Only slight inflammatory cells reaction was found under optical microscopes. The degree of inflammation reaction are Grade Ⅱ 1 week after injection and was Grade Ⅰ 2 weeks after injection, inflammation was disappeared 4 weeks after injection. No obvious fiber membrane was found around the implanted materials. No significant differences were found between the experimental and the control group.CONCLUSION: It was showed that the carbon fiber shares excellent histocompatibility after injected into the subdural space and subarechnoid cavity of the right temple of mice.

Objective To study the closure time of neonatal ductus venosus and the Z score regression equation, and to explore the variation of closure time of neonatal ductus venosus with gestationalage.Methods Color doppler ultrasound was applied to detect the closure time of neonatal ductus venosus in normal newborns, Z score regression equation ( lnY =a +bX +cX2 ) for the closure time of neonatal ductus venosus ( Y ) was developed by regression analysis which used gestational age ( X) as an independent variable. The Z scores of the closure time of neonatal ductus venosus in different gestational age were calculated by the formula [ Z = ( M - Y )/S x , M for observation value, Y for predictivevalue].Results There were 432 cases in our study.The closure time of neonatal ductus venosus was negatively related to gestational age ( r = -0. 938 , P <0. 001 ) . The nonlinear regression equation was lnY= -5. 228+0. 089X-0. 000228X2, R2 =0. 854, Sx =0. 214(P<0. 001). Based on the predicted mean of the closure time and Sx related to different gestational age, Z scores for specific closure time of neonatal ductus venosus could be calculated by the formula [ Z =( M -Y)/Sx ] . The Z scores were normally distributed,and did not change with gestational age.Conclusions Theclosure & nbsp;time of neonatal ductus venosus is negatively related to gestational age. The Z scores obtained by the predicted nonlinear regression equation are normally distributed.

ObjectiveTo explore the predictive effect of serum TC/HDL-C ratio on ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke incidence in middle aged Chinese population.MethodsA prospective study was conducted based on the PRC-USA Collaborative Study on Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Epidemiology. A total of 10 121 individuals (4921 men and 5200 women), aged 35—59 years were selected from 4 cohorts, in Beijing and Guangzhou, urban and rural. The average following up time was 15.9 years. During the follow-up period, 277 ischemic and 125 hemorrhagic stroke cases were diagnosed.ResultsThe age adjusted incidence rate of ischemic stroke was 144.1,169.4,166.7,226.9 and 282.2 in the group of TC/HDL-C ratio

Objective:To explore the differential diagnosis and different treatment methods of chylothorax and pseudochylothorax after lung cancer surgery.Methods:Clinical data of 1 584 surgical patients with non-small cell lung cancer from January 2016 to December 2021 were analyzed, 21 cases of chylothorax and 8 cases of pseudochylothorax were identified and analyzed to compare the differences in pleural fluid chyle test, pleural effusion biochemical values, total cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol/triglyceride ratio, leukocyte count, bacterial culture and treatment.Results:The incidence of chylothorax after lung cancer surgery was 1.3%, and the incidence of pseudochylothorax was 0.5%; 80.9%% of chylothorax on the right side was significantly higher than 19.1% of chylothorax on the left side, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Pseudochylothorax occurred on the right side(100%). The difference between chylothorax and pseudochylothorax in pleural fluid tests for cholesterol and triglyceride was statistically significant( P<0.05), the leukocyte count was significantly higher in pseudochylothorax than chylothorax, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). The differences in drainage before treatment, postoperative drainage time and postoperative hospitalization time between the two groups were statistically significant( P<0.05). The success rate was 61.9% in 13 cases of chylothorax treated conservatively and 38.1% in 8 cases of thoracic duct clamping; all cases of pseudochylothorax were treated conservatively with a success rate of 100%. Conclusion:In naddition to pleural fluid chyle test and pleural effusion biochemical values, total cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol to triglyceride ratio in pleural fluid should be tested to identify chylothorax and pseudochylothorax, high triglyceride in pleural fluid diagnosed as chylothorax; Pseudochylothorax is diagnosed with a cholesterol/triglyceride ratio >1 in the pleural fluid, pseudochylothorax is usually treated conservatively. Chylothorax is treated conservatively and surgically according to different conditions. If the drainage flow is greater than 800 ml/day for 3 consecutive days or if it causes serious electrolyte disorders, it is recommended to perform thoracoscopic-assisted thoracic duct clamping via right-sided approach.

Objective　To analyze the correlation between the length,angle,thickness,arc length,opening direction,plaque and thrombus of carotid web and the incidence of ischemic stroke.Methods　Forty six patients with carotid web diagnosed by DSA were selected,of which 21 were ischemic stroke patients as the study group and 25 were non ischemic stroke patients as the control group,Color Doppler Ultrasound was used to measure the length,angle,thickness and arc length of the carotid web in the two groups respectively,and to observe the opening direction,whether there were plaques and thrombosis.Results　The length,angle and arc length of the base of the web in the study group were longer than those in the control group (P<0.05).The incidence of plaques and thrombus in the study group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the thickness and opening direction of the web between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion　The length,angle,arc length of the base,plaque or thrombus are closely related to the occurrence of ischemic stroke,which can be used as an effective index to evaluate the prognosis of patients with carotid web.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(NRF2) signaling pathway in trichloroethylene(TCE) induced oxidative stress in human liver cancer HepG2 cells. METHODS: HepG2 cells in the exponential growth phase were randomly divided into control group and low-, medium-and high-dose groups, and the cells were stimulated with TCE at the final concentrations of 0, 2, 4 or 8 mmol/L respectively for 24 hours. After TCE exposure, the cells were collected. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was measured by 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulphenyl)-2 h-tetrazole monosodium salt method.The activities of catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were detected by enzymatic method. The level of malondialdehyde(MDA) was detected by thiobarbituric acid method. The level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHDG) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA expression of NRF2, heme oxygenase(HO1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit(GCLC), NAD(P) quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and the protein expression of NRF2, HO1, GCLC, NQO1 were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: The activity of CAT in HepG2 cells decreased in the 3 doses drug exposure groups(all P<0.05). The activity of GSH-Px increased(all P<0.05), while the level of MDA in HepG2 cells decreased in low-dose group compared with the control group(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in SOD activity and 8-OHDG level of HepG2 cells among these 4 groups(all P>0.05). The mRNA and protein relative expression of NRF2 and GCLC in HepG2 cells decreased in the low-and medium-dose groups(all P<0.05) compared with the control group. The mRNA relative expression of HO1 decreased(all P<0.05). The HO1 protein relative expression of HepG2 cells increased in low-dose group compared with the control group(P<0.05). The mRNA and protein relative expression of NQO1 in low-dose group increased(both P<0.05). The protein relative expression of HO1 in HepG2 cells in medium-dose group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein relative expression levels of NRF2 and NQO1 increased in HepG2 cells of high-dose group(all P<0.05) and the mRNA relative expression of HO1 increased in HepG2 cells of high-dose group(all P<0.05) compared with the other 3 groups. CONCLUSION: The low and medium dose TCE stimulation can cause oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and decrease the antioxidant enzyme activity. The high dose TCE stimulation to HepG2 cells can activate NRF2 signaling pathway, thus upregulating the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes HO1, GCLC and NQO1, and relieving the oxidative damage caused by TCE.

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of plasma miRNA23-a and miRNA-451 as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Fifty patients with NSCLC and 50 healthy control subjects were recruited for testing the plasma levels of miRNA23-a and miRNA-451 and their expression levels in the tumor tissues using qRT-PCR. The correlations of the plasma levels of miRNA23-a and miRNA-451 with their expressions in the tumor tissues were analyzed. The diagnostic power of CEA, miRNA23-a and miRNA-451 for NSCLC was evaluated using the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curves (AUC). In the NSCLC cell line A549, we tested the effect of inhibition of miRNA-23a and miRNA-451 on the expression levels of SPRY2 and MIF mRNA using qRT-PCR. RESULTS: The expression levels of miRNA-23a and miRNA-451 in NSCLC tissues was significantly associated with smoking, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage ( < 0.05). Compared with those in the control group, miRNA-23a level was significantly increased while miRNA-451 was significantly down-regulated in the tumor tissues and plasma of NSCLC patients. The plasma levels of miRNA-23a and miRNA-45 were strongly correlated with their expression levels in the tumor tissues. ROC analysis showed that for the diagnosis of NSCLC, the AUC, sensitivity and specificity of either miRNA-23a or miRNA-451 were significantly higher than those of CEA ( < 0.05). The combination of miRNA23-a and miRNA-451 markedly improved the AUC (0.900), sensitivity (78%) and specificity (86%) for the diagnosis. In A549 cells, inhibition of miRNA23-a and miRNA-451 resulted in significantly increased expression levels of SPRY2 mRNA and MIF mRNA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS miRNA-23a and miRNA-451 can be used as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of NSCLC, and their combined detection can be more effective for the diagnosis.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; Membrane Proteins ; MicroRNAs ; ROC Curve

【Objective】 To screen the distribution frequency of Mur blood group among voluntary blood donors in Hezhou, Guangxi, and further analyze the molecular basis of of Mur antigen positive samples. 【Methods】 The Mur phenotype of voluntary blood donors in Hezhou was serologically screened using microplate method, and the distribution frequency of Mur antigens in different ethnic groups was analyzed. Genetic typing was performed on these positive samples with PCR-SSP method to verify the accuracy of the serological method, and the genetic background was sequenced and analyzed. 【Results】 Among 3 298 samples from voluntary blood donors in Hezhou, 432(13.10%, 432/3 298) were screened positive for Mur antigen, and PCR-SSP genotyping validation showed that all 432 samples were electrophoretic positive. Among them, the proportion of Han blood donors with positive Mur antigen was 12.79%(331/2 587), Yao ethnic group was 13.25%(64/483), Zhuang ethnic group was 16.51%(36/218), and no statistically significant difference was found in the three groups(P>0.05). Further sequencing results showed that 428 samples were GYP(B-A-B) Mur, also known as GYP. Mur type(12.98%, 428/3 298), the other 4 samples were GYP(B-A-B) Bun, also known as GYP. Bun type(0.12%, 4/3 298). 【Conclusion】 The Mur blood type frequency is high in the voluntary blood donors in Hezhou, Guangxi, and is predominant characterized by GYP. Mur genotype. Due to ethnic integration, no significant difference was noticed in the frequency of Mur blood type distribution between Han, Zhuang and Yao population. Therefore, conducting extensive Mur blood group antigen and antibody testing in Hezhou is of great significance for ensuring clinical blood transfusion safety.