Objective　To discuss the possibility of ultrasonic superficial spray anesthesia applied to bronchoscopy in children with intratracheal foreign bodies. Methods　50 cases with intratracheal foreign body were divided into two groups: surface anesthesia group (S group) and intravenous anesthesia group (Ⅰ group). 2% Lidocain by ultrasonic spraying inhalation for 8～10 min and r-OH 80 mg*kg-1+Ketamine 1 mg.kg-1 intravenous injection were adminstered respectively. Results　In S group perioperative the MAP and HR were stable， the complications were fewer and the SpO2 was >95%，the awaking time was shorter (70.1±15.3) min after operation；In I group the MAP and HR were descendent (P<0.05)， the complications were more and the SpO2 was <95% (P<0.05)， the awaking time was longer(P<0.01). Conclusion　The surface anesthesia is effective.The MAP and HR are stable，the complications are fewer and the awaking time is shorter.

In recent years , active vitamin D is a hot research drugs because of its renal protective effect of independent regu -lation of anti-inflammatory effects outside calcium and phosphorus metabolism , regulation of apoptosis , mediated immunity and reduc-tion of proteinuria .Podocyte is the main target of active vitamin D based on the result of clinical and animal studies .In this article, we review the current literature on mechanism of active vitamin D and its analogues on the protection of podocytes about and give the clini -cal perspectives of activity vitamin D .

ABSTRACT:Many studies show that helminth‐derived molecules can induce immunoregulatory cells to form immune net‐work‐mediated immune ,thereby inhibiting allergic and autoimmune diseases .Helminth parasites can induce immune cell activa‐tion and produce cytokine .And parasites play an inhibitory effect to affect other immune related diseases .However ,the associ‐ation between helminths infections and immune related diseases does not always have an unequivocal outcome .While some hel‐minths infections protect against allergic diseases ,other helminth can exacerbate this immunopathology .

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectively of transfusion plan guided by POTTS in gynecological patients with Hb level ranged from 60 to 100 g/L. Methods 114 gynecological patients with perioperative Hb level ranged from 60 to 100 g/L were randomly divided into POTTS group ( n=57 ) and control group ( n=57 ) . Patients in POTTS group received transfusion under the guidance of POTTS. Patients in control group received transfusion according to doctor's experience. The proportion of injecting RBCs,the amount of RBCs, the incidence of serious complications and mortality,ICU occupancy rate, postoperative Hb recovery, incision healing, hospitalization time, blood transfusion related costs and costs of hospitalization were observed and compared. Results The transfusion rate and volume in POTTS group were significantly lower than the control group ( P<0. 01 ) . Neither severe com-plications nor any mortality were found in each group. The transfusion costs in POTTS group were significantly less than the control group (P<0. 01). Two groups had no postoperative ICU admission;the postoperative Hb recovery, incision healing, hospitalization time and costs of hospitalization in two groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion POTTS could be safety and effectively used in gynecological patients with Hb level ranged from 60 to 100 g/L, also effectively save the blood, reduce the costs of blood transfusion, not increase perioperative mortality and the incidence of various complications.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Chinese medicine Sansheng Huatan Decoction combined with chemotherapy in treating advanced primary non-small-cell lung cancer and to evaluated the effect of Sansheng Huatan Decoction increasing clinical effect and decreasing toxicity in chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS: One hundred and sixty patients of advanced primary non-small-cell lung cancer proved by pathological examination were randomized into two groups. The treatment group was treated with Sansheng Huatan Decoction and chemotherapy, and the control group was treated only with chemotherapy. The clinic effect, life quality, natural killer (NK) activities, liver and kidney functions, and blood routine test of the 2 groups were evaluated. RESULTS: The clinical effective rates of the treatment and control groups were 56.7% and 48.2% respectively, and there was no statistic significance (P>0.10). The life quality, NK activities and blood routine test of the treatment group were better than those of the control group. CONCLUSION: Sansheng Huatan Decoction combined with chemotherapy is a better treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer as compared with chemotherapy.

Objective To understand the endemic characteristics and regularity of cystic echinococcosis by evaluating and classifying its endemic situation in Non Tibetan Plateau regions,so as to provide the evidence for formulating effective preventive and control measures. Methods The prevalence data of cystic echinococcosis in 174 counties(cities,districts,banners)in Non Tibetan Plateau regions from a national survey were collected and analyzed by the sample cluster method in 2012. Results The 174 counties(cities,districts,banners)could be classified into 4 clusters by spatial distribution. The first cluster with human high prevalence rate,low infection rate of livestock,and positive rate of dog stool antigen included 3 counties. The second cluster with high infection rate of livestock,low prevalence rate of human,and positive rate of dog stool antigen included 20 counties(cit-ies). The third cluster with high positive rate of dog stool antigen,low prevalence rate of human,and low infection rate of livestock included 39 counties(cities,districts,banners). The fourth cluster with low rates of the above 3 indices included the rest 112 counties. Conclusions The results of the cluster analysis conform to the current epidemiological status of cystic echinococcosis in the Non Tibetan Plateau regions. The epidemiological characteristics and geographical distributions of the four area types will pro-vide a basis for the classified management and guidance of cystic echinococcosis control in these areas.

Background and purpose:Few reports demonstrate the relation between the expression of RIZ1 which has been found to be a tumor suppressor gene recently and leukemia. This study investigated the effect of RIZ1 expression on the apoptosis of human myeloid leukemic cell lines. Methods:The expression of RIZ1 mRNA was observed in human myeloid leukemic cell lines AML193, KG-1, KG-1a, K562 and Ery-1 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. RIZ1 was forced to express in the expression-lacking cell lines by transfecting pRIZ1 RH containing full length of RIZ1 cDNA to the cell lines. As controls, the cell lines were transfected with pcDNA3.1. The apoptotic cells were determined by using the annexin V/propidium iodide stain 24 h after transfection.Results:Among the 5 cell lines, no expression of RIZ1 mRNA had been detected in AML193 and low expression in K562. The forced expression could be found in both cell lines 24 h after transfection of pRIZ1 RH, accompanied by obviously increased apoptotic rates which were (22.7? 0.7)% in AML193 and (28.6?1.2)% in K562 compared to controls (11.7%?1.6% and 9.0%?0.8%, respectively) (P

Objective To investigate the correlation between GSTP1 exon5 A/G polymorphism and clinic phenotype of COPD in the population of the Han nationality from southwest China.Methods Using PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP),genotypes of Ile105Val polymorphism in exon5 of GSTP1 were determined in 91 patients with COPD and 87 healthy control subjects.Results No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of exon5 of GSTP1 between COPD patients and the healthy controls.The frequency of Ile105 in pink puffer patients was much more than that in the blue bloater patients.The CT scores of emphysema in patients with Ile105 was significantly higher than those with Val105.Conclusions The genetic polymorphism of exon5 of GSTP1 may not be associated with the susceptivity of COPD in the populations of the Han nationality from southwest China,but may be correlated with clinical phenotypes and lung parenchyma damage of COPD patients in the present population.

AimTo study the effect of extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves(GbE) on apoptosis in neuronal cells. Methods Primary cerebral cultures from rat fetus were used to observe the activity of neuronal cells and to determine the release of LDH and DNA gel electrophoresis. Results Gb E enhanced the activity of neuronal cells, decresed the release of LDH,and relieved the structural changes of nucleus and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion GbE can inhibit apoptosis in neuronal cells.

Objective To investigate the roles of cystatin C (CysC) and serum creatinine (Scr) in acute renal injury of patients with shock. Method A total of 71 patients with shock, 42 male and 29 female, were enrolled from February 2006 to June 2007. Patients with kidney disease or renal insufficiency were excluded. All of patients were assigned to 4 groups as per the duration of shock. The blood samples were taken from patients for measurements of CysC and Scr during the periods of 1 hr,2 hr,and 4 hr of shock and 72 hr and 7 days after correction of shock. The corrected GFR (cGFR) and decreased GFR (dGFR) were calculated. The levels of Scr and dGFR could be used to classify the acute renal injury into stages according to the Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis Criteria. The positive detection rates of different methods were compared. The levels of CysC, Scr and cGFR were statistically analyzed. Data were studied by using Pearson's correlation analysis, Results The elevation of CysC appeared sooner than that of Scr in all shock patients. Contrarily, the high level of CysC lowered to normal level much slower than that of SCR after correction of shock. The CysC increased 1 hour after shock. The GFR was negatively correlated with CysC and Scr, especially in the early stage of shock. Conclusions The renal dysfunction appears in the early stage of shock. The CysC assayed is more sensitive in the stage 1 of renal injury than Scr.