Objective To investigate value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography timingexcursion parametric index and 17 segment volume curves index in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericardits.MethodsSeventeen patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy (proven by biopsy) ,six patients with constrictive pericardits (proven by CT or surgical),twenty subjects with normal left ventricular(LV) function were examined by Philips iE33 with X3-1 probe.Results Parameter index of Tmsv 16-SD,Tmsv 12-SD Tmsv 6-SD,Tmsv 16-Dif,Tmsv 12-Dif,Tmsv 6-Dif,Tmsv 16-SD(%) ,Tmsv 12-SD(%),Tmsv 6-SD(%),Tmsv 16-Dif(%),Tmsv 12-Dif(%),Tmsv 6-Dif(%) was significantly higher in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy than that in subjects with normal LV function(all P ＜0.05).Average and maximum value and minimum of excursion was significantly lower in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy than that in subjects with normal LV function (all P ＜0.005).Whereas,compare with subjects with normal LV function,the parametric indexes of timing-excursion and 17 segment volume curves were not significantly difference in patients with constrictive pericardits(all P ＞0.05).Conclusions Realtime three-dimensional echocardiography can evaluate and diagnose fastly restrictive cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericardits.

A simple and selective HPLC method for simultaneous determination and quantification of anthraquinones, lignans and flavonoids in Xiao-Cheng-Qi Tang (XCQT), Hou-Po-San-Wu Tang (HPSWT) and Hou-Po-Da-Huang Tang (HPDHT) was developed and validated. An Agilent Zorbax SB-C 18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.5% acetic acid aqueous solution in gradient elution mode was used. The flow rate was 1.0 mL · min(-1) at 30 °C, and injection volume was 10 µL. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm and 294 nm simultaneously for the quantitative analysis. The current HPLC assay was validated for linearity, intra-day and inter-day precisions, accuracy, recovery and stability. The method was applied to the content comparison of the gallic acid, cinnamic acid, sennoside A, sennoside B, rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, magnolol, honokiol, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin and nobiletin in XCQT, HPSWT and HPDHT. The good linear equations of eighteen constituents were obtained within the investigated ranges (r > 0.998). The recovery of the method was 94.28%-99.89% and the precision was less than 5%. The sample was stable within 16 h. There were some differences between the contents of anthraquinones, lignans and flavonoids in analogous formulae about XCQT. XCQT contained the greatest abundance of anthraquinones and flavonoid, HPSWT contained the greatest abundance lignans. In conclusion, the methods are simple, low-cost, precise, accurate and reliable for the determination of eighteen constituents in analogous formulae about XCQT, and these results provide methodological support for its quality control.

Objective:To investigate the application of Coronary Artery Disease-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CAD) and its risk factors,and to clarify the effective strength of different risk factors in the diagnosis of CAD by using CAD-RADS.Methods:All the data of 266 patients,who were initially suspected with CAD and underwent CT angiography,were collected and diagnosed by using CAD-RADS and were divided into CAD group(n=174) and non-CAD group(n=69).The informations of age,gender,hypertension,hyperlipemia,diabetes,smoking,serum uric acid (UA) levels,and plasma fibrinogen (FIB) levels of the patients in two groups were analyzed;single factor analysis and multivariate Logstic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of CAD diagnosed by CAD-RADS.Results:Compared with non-CAD group,the ratios of male,hypertension,diabetes,smoking of the patients in CAD group were increased (P<0.05),and the age and the level of UA of the patients in CAD group were also increased (P<0.05).The Logistic regression analysis results showed that age and diabetes were the independent risk factors for CAD diagnosed by CAD-RADS.Conclusion:There are many independent risk factors for CAD diagnosed by CAD-RADS,and age and diabetes are the most correlated risk factors for CAD.

The current study aims to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of Huangqin Tang on different oral doses. An LC-MS method for simultaneous determination of flavonoids and terpenoids in rat plasma was developed and validated. Plasma samples were treated with hydrochloric acid (containing 1% ascorbic acid), precipitated with acetonitrile, separated on a Zorbax SB-C18 column, detected by single quadruple mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization interface, and quantified using selected ion monitoring mode. All pharmacokinetic parameters were processed by non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin software. The results of specificity, linearity, intra-day and inter-day precisions, accuracy, and stability for LC-MS assay were suitable for the quantification of paeoniflorin, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A, glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma. The concentration-time profiles of baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A and glycyrrhizic acid showed double-peak phenomenon after Huangqin Tang was orally administered at 40 g x kg(-1) dose; all eight constituents in rat plasma showed good dose-exposure relationship within the dosage of 10-40 g x kg(-1); although plasma concentrations were different, the flavonoids with the same backbone showed the similar fate in the body with the corresponding dosage. In conclusion, the LC-MS assay was successfully applied for the pharmacokinetic study of multi-constituents of Huangqin Tang with different doses. Additionally, these constituents demonstrated good pharmacokinetic properties in the body.

The pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Huangqin Tang (HQT) were investigated in yeast-induced febrile rats. Blood sample and rectal temperature data of the rats were collected at different times after single oral administration of HQT at 20 g x kg(-1). The plasma concentrations of paeoniflorin, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A, glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid were quantified by a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS) method. The blood concentrations of PGE2, 1L-1β and TNF-α were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA). All pharmacokinetic parameters were processed by non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin software. The potential relationship between the mean concentration of eight constituents and the antifebrile efficacy was investigated by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients. It was found that HQT had significant antifebrile efficacy in yeast-induced febrile rats, but had no effect to normal rats. The antifebrile effect of HQT can be attributed to the inhibition of PGE2, 1L-1β and TNF-α. The constituents (baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A, glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid) in febrile rats had delayed absorption and elimination, a longer residence time in the body, and higher C(max) and AUC than those in normal rats. Febrile condition could affect the pharmacokinetic behaviour of HQT in vivo; the flavonoids with the same backbone showed the similar fate in the body; baicalein and wogonin had a strong positive correlation (R > 0.66, P ≤ 0.02) with the antifebrile efficacy determined. Together, these constituents demonstrated different pharmacokinetic properties in the febrile body.

Objective To investigate the impact of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) on evaluating the myocardial perfusion in beagles with ischemic cardiomyopathy and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT),and to estimate the myocardial perfusion by myocardial blood flow (MBF) value.Methods Twelve adult beagles were randomly divided into two groups (CRT group and non-CRT group).Each beagle underwent a ligature in the first diagonal branch and a pacemaker was implanted.The pacing was started in CRT group,but was not started in non-CRT group.MCE and speckle tracking imaging were performed to evaluate the MBF value and circumferential strain (Cir1 2SD),radial strain (R12SD) and longitudinal strain (L12SD) of 12 segments of left ventricle at baseline,before CRT,and 4 weeks after CRT.Results There was no significant difference of LVEF,LVEDV,LVESV,Cir12SD,and R12SD between two groups at baseline or before CRT( P ＞0.05).After 4 weeks of CRT,LVEF,LVEDV,LVESV,Cir1 2SD,and R 12SD in two groups were ( 58.8 ± 8.2 ) ％ vs (39.5 ± 8.7 ) ％,(28.2 ± 2.9) ml vs (34.2 ± 2.5 ) ml,( 13.9± 2.6 ) ml vs (21.5± 4.7)ml,(29.1 ± 6.6)ms vs (46.5 ± 10.1)ms and (36.1 ± 10.7)ms vs (67.6± 11.2)ms( P ＜0.05 ).A,β,and MBF value between two groups were ( 13.6 ± 2.2 )dB vs ( 14.9 ± 3.0)dB,(5.1±1.1 )s- 1 vs (4.8 ± 2.1 )s- 1,(67.6 ± 12.1)dB/s vs (72.8 ± 8.6)dB/s( P ＞0.05) at baseline and were (7.4 ± 1.2)dB vs (7.3±2.7)dB,(3.9±0.9)s-1 vs (2.9±0.9)s-1,(23.4±4.2)dB/s vs (22.2±4.1)dB/s (P＞0.05)before CRT.After 4 weeks of CRT,A,β,and MBF value in CRT group were higher than those in non-CRT group (12.1 ± 1.8)dB vs (9.5 ± 1.7)dB,(4.7 ± 0.3)s-1 vs (3.1 ± 0.8)s-1,(47.2 ± 8.6)dB/s vs (29.5 ±4.2)dB/s,all P ＜0.05).Conclusions In beagles with ischemic cardiomyopathy,CRT can not only improve cardiac synchrony,but also increase myocardial perfusion.

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral immunonutrition supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) on the incidences and severity of ventilator associated pneumonia com- plications, inflammatory response, and the prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) un-dergoing ventilator therapy. Methods From January 2015 to June 2017, 64 patients of sTBI were selected and randomly divided into experimental group (ω-3 PUFA, n=32) and control group (n=32). White blood cells (WBC) and the proportion of neutrophils (N%) were evaluated by cell analyzer. Meanwhile, the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) were tested with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. After 14-days treatment, the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, APACHE Ⅱ score, clinical pulmonary infec-tion score (CPIS), pulmonary function and prognoses were also compared between the two groups. Results As compared with the control group, the experimental group had lower incidences of ventilator associated pneumonia (66% vs. 56%, P=0. 048), reduced degree of lung infection and lower CPIS (8. 25±0. 60 vs. 7. 47±0. 53); higher lung function indexes [FVC: (2. 89±0. 19) L vs. (3. 46±0. 22) L, P=0. 010;FEV1: (2. 35±0. 16) L vs. (2. 84±0. 24) L, P=0. 040; FEV1/FVC %: (49. 11±3. 34)% vs. (56. 00± 2. 64)%, P=0. 038) ]; lower serum levels of inflammatory responses [WBC: (11. 83±0. 74) ×109/L vs. (9. 51±0. 90) ×109/L, P=0. 029; N%: (79. 11±1. 51)% vs. (72. 71±1. 16)%, P=0. 041; CRP:(85. 15±8. 42) mg/L vs. (63. 96±5. 72) mg/L, P=0. 001; PCT: (6. 43±0. 47) μg/L vs. (4. 83±0. 39) μg/L, P=0. 013] 14 days after enteral immunonutrition supplemented with ω-3 PUFA. As compared with the control group, the experimental group received better prognosis with GCS scores increasing ( 8. 69 ± 0. 41 vs. 9. 52±0. 59, P=0. 038), APACHE Ⅱ scores decreasing (14. 74±1. 01 vs. 12. 68±0. 89, P=0. 049), the time of mechanical ventilation [ (13. 23±1. 17) d vs. (10. 88±1. 24) d, P=0. 024] and the hospitalization days [ (23. 29±2. 45) d vs. (18. 42±1. 96) d, P=0. 012] reduced on the 14th day, mechanical ventilation withdraw rate within 14 days increasing [24/32 (75%) vs. 27/32 (84%), P=0. 030] on the 14th day. Conclusion Enteral immunonutrition supplemented with ω-3 PUFA can effectively reduce the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia, alleviate the degree of infection and the inflammatory response in patients with sTBI undergoing ventilator therapy possibly improving condition and prognosis, which is worthy of being widely used.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer that is characterized by the lack of estro-gen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), thereby making it difficult to treat. Owing to the aggressive clinical behavior of TNBC and the lack of recognized molecular targets for therapy, patients with TNBC have shown poorer outcomes than those with other subtypes of breast cancer. Chemotherapy is the primary established systemic treatment for TNBC. However, various novel therapeutic targets have come into focus with the advances in molecular characterization of TNBC. In recent years, several targeted drugs have undergone clinical trials and have shown certain curative effects with relatively mild adverse reactions. The Food and Drug Administration has approved some of these drugs. In the current review, we have summa-rized the advances in the targeted therapy of TNBC.

OBJECTIVETo observe the impact on absorption of berberine and palmatine in different compatibilities of Wuji pill by the perfused rat intestine-liver preparation.

METHODUse L9 (3(4)) orthogonal design table, establish the perfused rat intestine-liver preparation, the twelve Wuji pill compatibilities duodenal administrated, collect the perfusate at different times points for LC-MS detection, calculate the absorbed score, Ka.

RESULTEvodiae Fructus and the absorption score, Ka of berberine and palmatine are inverse correlated. The most superior portion which promote the absorption is Coptidis Rhizoma-Evodiae Fructus-Paeoniae Radix Alba 3:1:3.

CONCLUSIONEvodiae Fructus suppressed the absorption of berberine and palmatine. With the different portion the absorption also have big different.

Animals ; Berberine ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Berberine Alkaloids ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo research the representative ingredient excretion in bile using the different compatibilities of Wuji Wan, in order to indicate the regularity of compatibility.

METHODL9 (3(4)) orthogonal design table was used, in addition 9 simples, altogether 18 compatibilities. After duodenal administration bile at different time spot was collected for LC-MS detection.

RESULTThe excretion of Evodiae Fructus was negative correlated with that of berberine and palmatine in bile. The excretion of Paeoniae Radix Alba was positive correlated with that of berberine and palmatine in bile. The excretion of Coptidis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba was negative correlated with that of evodiamine, rutaecarpine; meanwhile, the most superior proportion was also caculated which promote the representative ingredient excrete from bile.

CONCLUSIONEvodiae fructus suppresses representative ingredients of Coptidis Rhizoma excrete through bile. Paeoniae Radix Alba promote suppresses representative ingredients of Coptidis Rhizoma excrete through bile. Coptidis Rhizoma, paeoniae Radix Alba suppresses representative ingredients of Evodiae Fructus excrete through bile. Coptidis Rhizoma, Evodiae Fructus suppresses representative ingredients of Paeoniae Radix Alba excrete through bile.

Animals ; Berberine ; analysis ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; Bile ; chemistry ; secretion ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drug Compounding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors