Objective To compare the roles of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signal pathway in acute lung injury (ALl) induced by blunt chest trauma and by blunt chest trauma-hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (double hits) in rats.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 240-280 g,were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S group),blunt chest trauma group (T group),and blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation group (group THSR).Lung contusion was induced in anesthetized rats by dropping a 300 g weight onto a precordial protective shield to direct the impact force away from the heart and toward the lungs.Blood was withdrawn via the femoral artery 5 min later until MAP was decreased to 35-45 mmHg within 15 min and maintained at this level for 60 min,followed by resuscitation.At 6 h after the model was established,the arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis and detection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations in serum.Oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) was calculated.The rats were then sacrificed and pulmonary specimens were obtained for determination of TLR4 expression and NF-κB ac tivity (by immunohistochemistry and Western blot) in lung tissues and for microscopic examination.Results Compared with group S,PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly decreased,PaCO2 and TNF-α concentrations in serum were increased,TLR4 expression was up-regulated,and NF-κB activity was enhanced in T and THSR groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group T,PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly decreased,PaCO2 and TNF-α concentrations in serum were increased,TLR4 expression was up-regulated,and NF-κcB activity was enhanced in THSR group (P ＜ 0.05).The histopathological damage to lung tissues was aggravated in THSR group as compared with T group.Conclusion The role of TLR-4/NF-κB signal pathway in ALI induced by blunt chest traumahemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (double hits) is significantly stronger than that in ALI induced by blunt chest trauma alone in rats.

Combined transplantation of fetal pancreas and thymus was performed in 10 patients suffering from severe diabetes I. They were closely followed for over one year, and it was found that among them 7 showed spectacular clinical improvement, including 2 with total discontinuation of insulin, and 5 with average reduction of insulin by 82%. In 3 patients, the dosage of insulin was reduced by an average of 56.9%. The average reduction of insulin for the 10 patients in 2 months, 6 months and one year after the transplantation was 68.3%, 74.5%, and 78.4%, respectively. The effect of warm ischemia of different durations on the donor tissues was studied with electron microscopy. The significance of combined transplantation and the relationship of the techniques of procuring the donor tissues and transplantation is discussed.

Biological pharmaceutics is not only the important basic course in medicine,biotechnology,but also the course of combination of theory and practice.Experiment plays an important role in the teaching system of biological pharmaceutics.According to the characteristics of biopharmaceutical and the demand for talent cultivation,we have made some adjustments from the basic process of genetic engineering drug preparation such as rearranging biopharmaceutical experimental classes to form a systemic experiment content,increasing the experiment lesson,innovatively making the students participant in the experiment preparation,and opening the laboratory and improve the method of experiment examination.It has been proved that this teaching reform can improve the teaching quality of experimental class,and has valuable demonstration significance and reference value to the quality education and experimental teaching reform.

Objective:To study the role of microbial-derived antioxidants (MA) based on the model of diquat-induced oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and function in mice.Methods:18 female C57BL/6 mice with body mass of 16~18 g were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 mice in each group. After 22 days of feeding, model and antioxidant group mice were intraperitoneally injected with diquat solution and control group were injected with same amount of isotonic saline. The content of free radical, MDA, antioxidant enzyme activity, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity were detected according to the instructions of the kit. QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis-related genes. One-way analysis of variance was used for data comparison between groups.Results:Hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) in the control group, model group and antioxidant group was (8.74 ± 1.38), (11.44 ± 1.01), (9.81 ± 0.98) mmol/g prot, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant ( F = 7.640, P < 0.05). MDA content in the control, model and antioxidant group were (0.65 ± 0.07), (0.86 ± 0.18), (0.70 ± 0.05) nmol/mg prot, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant ( F = 5.406, P <0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in the model group (146.68 ± 4.29) U/gprot was significantly higher than control group (125.64 ± 15.69) U/gprot and antioxidant group (126.57 ± 1.82) U/gprot, F = 6.192, P < 0.05. Real-time quantitative PCR result showed that the relative expression of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activated transcription factor 6 (ATF6) genes in the model group was significantly higher than control group, which were 1.880 ± 0.442 and 1.800 ± 0.380, F = 7.702 and 10.815, and P < 0.05, respectively. Apoptosis-related gene expression results showed that the relative expression levels of caspase3 and caspase8 genes in the antioxidant group (1.136 ± 0.381 and 1.593 ± 0.407) was significantly lower than model group (1.572 ± 0.127 and 2.843 ± 0.973), ( F = 12.800, 7.657, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Microbial-derived antioxidants can reduce diquat-induced liver oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatocyte apoptosis in mice, and thus improves liver function.

Objective:To analyze the lifestyle for brain health related factors and demographic characteristics through machine learning to achieve the assessing effect of mild cognitive impairement prevalence risk among rural elderly people in Guizhou.Methods:From July to August 2019, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 235 rural elderly people aged 60 years and above in Guizhou Province as the subjects, and the investigation was performed with questionnaire and physical examination.The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function, and the important features and optimal number of features based on 12 LIBRA factors and 4 demographic characteristics were selected.Logistic regression and random forest algorithm were used to establish a evaluation model for the risk of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly.The evaluation efficacy of the model was also assessed using a combination of precision, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score and area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve, and the Delong method was used to check the difference of AUC values between the two models.Results:A total of 291 subjects were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, with a detection rate of 23.56% (291/1 235). The AUC values of logistic regression and random forest models evaluating the risk of mild cognitive impairment in the rural elderly were 0.758 and 0.820, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05). The random forest model had better evaluations with an accuracy of 0.823, precision of 0.805, sensitivity of 0.874, specificity of 0.767 and F1 score of 0.838, all of which were better than those of the logistic regression model.And the random forest model was also more stable after 10-fold cross-validation. Conclusion:The lifestyle for brain health related factors combined with demographic characteristics can more accurately evaluate the risk of mild cognitive impairment among rural elderly people in Guizhou.The random forest model is better than the logistic regression model.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy profiles of R-CHOP and R-fCHOP regimes in the treatment of primary gastric diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PG-DLBCL).

METHODSData of PG-DLBCL patients admitted in our hospital from March 2010 to March 2014 were collected retrospectively. Differences in gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation between the R-CHOP group and R-fCHOP group were compared. The influence of the gastrointestinal complication on subsequent treatment was also analyzed. Treatment outcome of the two groups was also compared.

RESULTSA total of 50 patients were included in this retrospective study. Forty of them were in the R-CHOP group, another ten were in the R-fCHOP group. Patients in the R-fCHOP group had a higher rate of Lugano late stage disease, and a relatively high rate of a deeper/larger ulcer. Fence occult blood test (FOBT) was positive in one (10.0%) patient in the R-fCHOP group, and 11 (31.4%) patients in the R-CHOP group, among them one had hematemesis and had to give up the subsequent chemotherapy. No perforation was observed in both groups. The response rate (RR) was 92.5% in the R-CHOP group and 90.0% in the R-fCHOP group (P > 0.05). The PFS was also comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSR-fCHOP regimen has a good safety profile in patients with Lugano late stage and deep/large ulcers, who are of high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, and also has a comparable efficacy profile when compared with the R-CHOP regimen in short-term follow-up.

Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prednisone ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Treatment Outcome ; Vincristine

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease caused by many factors including colonic inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis.Previous studies have indicated that celastrol(CSR)has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-inhibitory effects.Here,we investigated the effects of CSR on colonic inflammation and mucosal immunity in an experimental colitis model,and addressed the mechanism by which CSR exerts the protective effects.We characterized the ther-apeutic effects and the potential mechanism of CSR on treating UC using histological staining,intestinal permeability assay,cytokine assay,flow cytometry,fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),16S rRNA sequencing,untargeted metabolomics,and cell differentiation.CSR administra-tion significantly ameliorated the dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis in mice,which was evidenced by the recovered body weight and colon length as well as the decreased disease activity index(DAI)score and intestinal permeability.Meanwhile,CSR down-regulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulated the amount of anti-inflammatory mediators at both mRNA and protein levels,and improved the balances of Treg/Thl and Treg/Th1 7 to maintain the colonic immune homeostasis.Notably,all the therapeutic effects were exerted in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.Furthermore,CSR treatment increased the gut microbiota diversity and changed the compositions of the gut microbiota and metabolites,which is probably associated with the gut microbiota-mediated protective effects.In conclusion,this study provides the strong evidence that CSR may be a promising therapeutic drug for UC.