Objective:To study the isolation, culture and identification of the TMJ cells and to observe the biological characteristics of cultured fibrochondrocytes. Methods:The TMJ discs were dissected from two 1 month goats under sterile conditions and were digested with collagenase. The cells were collected. Morphological changes and attachment efficiency were constantly observed under phase-contrast microscope. Immunohistochemical staining for type I collagen as well as toluidine blue staining were performed. Ultrastructures of the TMJ cells were observed under transmission electron microscope. Results: Most of the primary fibrochondrocytes presented a short spindle-shape while the rest showed polygon-shape. On the 7th day, the perliferating fibrochondrocytes started to contact each other to form a monolayer covering the bottom of the incubation disc. Immunohistochemical staining of type I and toluidine blue staining exhibited positive results. The fibrochondrocytes cytoplasms were rich in mictochondria and endoplasm reticulum. Conclusion: The fibrochondrcytes isolated from one-month-old goat TMJ disc have good proliferation ability in vitro and cells from passage 1 to 3 might be used as seed cells for TMJ disc tissue engineering.

BACKGROUND:There is no common cognition in the cell type in the temporomandibular joint(TMJ)discs,and names describing TMJ disc cells also vary a lot.OBJECTIVE:To characterize the type and the distribution of cells in the TMJ disc of goats DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A single sample observation was completed in Cettutar and Motecutar Biologicat Center and Electron Microscope Center of Lanzhou University from March to May in 2007.MATERlALS:TMJ discs were obtained from two one-month-old healthy goats that were slaughtered freshly.METHODS:Bilateral TMJ discs of goats were cut off completely and were divided into 6 parts by 3 cuts in the major axis direction (mediolaterally)and 2 cuts in the minor axis direction(anteroposteriorly).Then the marked samples were fixed in 10%neutral formalin Iiquid for 24 hours and embedded by paraffin.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to identify regional variation of cell type and cellnumbers.Toluidine blue staining and collagen type Ⅰimmunohistochemical assay were performed to test the distribution of collagens.Transmission etectren microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of cells of goat TMJ discs.RESULTS:TMJ discs were comprised of cells and collagen fibers distributing unevenly.Collagens were mostly type Ⅰ.Collagen fibers were wave or crimping and approximately parallel to each other.with cells scattered in their matrix.Fibroblast-like cells and chondrocyte-like cells were the main two types of cells existing,with the former predominating over the later in a ratio of 2.05:1 approximately.There were no significant regional differences in cell type and distribution statistically.Transmission electron microscopy denoted that fibroblast-iike cells have fairly larger fusiform or irregular nuclei with very few organelles,while the chondrocyte-like cells exhibited round or elliptical nuclei,well defined pericellular electron lucent zones,unconspicuous cytocysta and non-distinctive pseudopodia CONCLUSION:There are no significant differences in type,number and arrangement of cells in TMJ discs of one-month-old goats statistically,with Fibroblast-like cells predominating slightly over chondrocyte-like cells.

Objective:To evaluate early corneal biomechanical change, safety and effectiveness after small-incision lenticule extraction combined with ultraviolet A corneal collagen cross-linking (SMILE-CXL) for myopic eyes and compare with SMILE.Methods:A non-randomized controlled clinical study was performed.Forty-four myopic eyes of 25 patients were included in Hankou Aier Eye Hospital from December 2017 to July 2018.SMILE-CXL or SMILE was carried out for 22 eyes of 12 patients or 22 eyes of 13 patients, respectively, based on the normal posterior surface manifestation of Belin by Pentacam tomography or not.The posterior surface manifestation of Belin was normal in the SMILE group, and the posterior surface of Belin was yellow or red with Corvis biomechanical index and tomographic biomechanical index<0.3 (except keratoconus) in the SMILE-CXL group.The refractive diopter of the eyes was detected before and 6 months after surgery, including spherical diopter, cylindrical diopter and spherical equivalent (SE) with a comprehensive refractometer.The corneal biomechanical parameters of the eyes were detected before and 6 months after surgery with a Scheimpflug-based dynamic tonometry (Corvis ST). The safety index, a ratio of postoperative mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) to preoperative mean BCVA, and efficacy index, a ratio of postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) to preoperative BCVA, were compared between SMILE-CXL group and SMILE group.BCVA and UCVA were examined using standard chart and converted to logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (LogMAR) units.This protocol complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Hankou Aier Eye Hospital (No.WHS2017052701). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering into the cohort.Results:The postoperative UCVA of the eyes in both groups was more than 1.0.There were no significant differences in safety index, efficacy index and SE change between the SMILE-CXL group and SMILE group (all at P≥0.05). At 6 months after surgery, the values of second applanation time (A2T), time from the start until the highest concavity (HC-Time) and DA ratio 2 mm were significantly increased in comparison with before operation in both SMILE-CXL group and SMILE group (all at P<0.05). The changes of A2T, HC-Time and DA ratio 2 mm in the SMILE-CXL group were significantly lowered than those in the SMILE group at the sixth month after surgery ( P=0.001, 0.001, 0.036). The deformation amplitude, maximum corneal velocity during the first applanation (Vin), distance between both non-deformed peaks and integrated radius during the maximum depression were significantly increased, and the central curvature radius at highest concavity, cord length of first applanation, cord length of second applanation, Ambrósio's relational thickness horizontal, stiffness parameter applanation 1 and biomechanical intraocular pressure during the maximum depression were significantly lower at the sixth month after surgery than those before surgery (all at P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the parameters mentioned above between the two groups (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with SMILE alone, SMILE-CXL shows a comparable safety and efficacy, and better corneal biomechanical properties.

Objective:To investigate the expression of IGF1R-Ras and RAGE-HMGB1 signaling pathways in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their significance.Methods:The resected cancer tissues were obtained from 59 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), including 29 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (CRC/DM group) and 30 with CRC alone (CRC group). The expressions of IGF1R, Ras, RAGE and HMGB1 in cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differences between the two groups were compared and the relationship between the expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Results:In CRC/DM group, the positive rates of IGF1R and Ras were both 65.5% (19/29), and 51.7% (15/29) patients had IGF1R+ Ras+ immunophenotype, which were significantly higher than those in CRC group [33.3% (10/30), 36.7% (11/30) and 20.0% (6/30); P=0.013, 0.027 and 0.011, respectively]. The expression of IGF1R and Ras in CRC / DM group was positively correlated ( r=0.479, P=0.017). The positive rate of RAGE expression in CRC group and CRC/DM group was 70.0% (21/30) and 72.4% (21/29) respectively, and the positive rate of HMGB1 expression was 46.7% (14/30) and 58.6% (17/29) respectively, neither was observed with significant difference ( P=0.358 and 0.838). However, the proportion of patients with RAGE+ HMGB1+ immunophenotype in CRC/DM group [55.2% (16/29)] was higher than that in CRC Group [26.7% (8/30)] which was statistically significant ( P=0.026), and the expression of both proteins was positively correlated in CRC/DM group ( r=0.578, P=0.003). The clinicopathological analysis showed that in both groups the expression of IGF1R, Ras, RAGE and HMGB1 had no correlation with the sex, age, differentiation degree, tumor length, T stage and lymph node metastasis ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Both IGF1R-Ras and RAGE-HMGB1 pathways may be involved in the oncogenesis of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To investigate the expression of IGF1R-Ras and RAGE-HMGB1 signaling pathways in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their significance.Methods:The resected cancer tissues were obtained from 59 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), including 29 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (CRC/DM group) and 30 with CRC alone (CRC group). The expressions of IGF1R, Ras, RAGE and HMGB1 in cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differences between the two groups were compared and the relationship between the expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Results:In CRC/DM group, the positive rates of IGF1R and Ras were both 65.5% (19/29), and 51.7% (15/29) patients had IGF1R+ Ras+ immunophenotype, which were significantly higher than those in CRC group [33.3% (10/30), 36.7% (11/30) and 20.0% (6/30); P=0.013, 0.027 and 0.011, respectively]. The expression of IGF1R and Ras in CRC / DM group was positively correlated ( r=0.479, P=0.017). The positive rate of RAGE expression in CRC group and CRC/DM group was 70.0% (21/30) and 72.4% (21/29) respectively, and the positive rate of HMGB1 expression was 46.7% (14/30) and 58.6% (17/29) respectively, neither was observed with significant difference ( P=0.358 and 0.838). However, the proportion of patients with RAGE+ HMGB1+ immunophenotype in CRC/DM group [55.2% (16/29)] was higher than that in CRC Group [26.7% (8/30)] which was statistically significant ( P=0.026), and the expression of both proteins was positively correlated in CRC/DM group ( r=0.578, P=0.003). The clinicopathological analysis showed that in both groups the expression of IGF1R, Ras, RAGE and HMGB1 had no correlation with the sex, age, differentiation degree, tumor length, T stage and lymph node metastasis ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Both IGF1R-Ras and RAGE-HMGB1 pathways may be involved in the oncogenesis of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.