Aim To observe the effects of flavonoids,including galangin(G),kaempferol(K),apigenin(A),morin(M),quercetin(Q) and myricetin(MY),on myocardial apoptosis induced by H2O2,and explore the possible mechanism.Methods Primary cultured cardiocytes of neonatal rat were randomly divided into normal group,model group,and flavonoids group.Fluorescent staining,electrophoresis and Western-blot were employed to observe the cardiocyte apoptosis and proteins expression.Results Exposure to 100 ?mol?L-1 H2O2 for 16 h resulted in myocardial apoptosis significantly(P

In order to synthetically train students to do scientific researches independently,inspire their enthusiasm and go-aheadism about study,and improve the quality of experimental teaching,we have been exploring to update experimental content and reform experimental system for many years,and have commenced a number of "Series Experiments".The setup of"Series Experiments" which means several separate experiments are organized together by their internal relations has already showed us a favorable effect.

The content of optical isomerism is the difficult point of organic chemistry teaching, and so case-based learning (CBL), theoretical-experimental integration teaching method and micro class teaching methods are tried to be used in classroom teaching according to the actual teaching situations. For CBL teaching method, the course is guided by the step of introduction-question-discussion and summary-exten-sions; For theoretical-experimental integration teaching method, combined with the theory class, the two experiments including the determination of optical rotation and organic molecular model are set for the opti-cal isomer content, to enhance the students' understanding of theoretical knowledge through the hands-on operation;For micro class teaching method, the key and difficult points of this chapter are dug out and about 10 minutes of video are recorded by using common video software before class, which are introduced in the classroom or provided to students after class for repeated watching, to deepen the students' understanding of the concept and phenomenon of optical isomers. In brief, it is important to combine various teaching method to improve the classroom instructing effectively and stimulate the students' interest in organic chemistry.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment for migraine. Methods: Forty cases were randomly allocated to a treatment group and a control group, 20 cases in each group. Cases in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture, while cases in the control group were treated with oral Sibelium. After that, the changes of cerebral blood flow were observed before and after treatment. Results: There was significant difference in clinical efficacies between two groups (P<0.05). There were also significant differences in arterial blood flow velocities of before and after treatment. Acupuncture can produce substantial differences (P<0.05) in blood flow velocities of vertebral artery (VA), middle cerebral artery (MCA) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) during an increased flow rate. It can also produce statistical differences in blood flow velocities of VA during a decreased flow rate (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture can effectively alleviate the pain of migraine sufferers and exert a two-way regulation on the cerebral blood flow.

Objective To investigate the effects of oxidative stress on homocysteine and related amino acids metabolism in methionine-loading BRL rat hepatocytes.Methods Cultured BRL rat hepatocytes were divided into control and oxidatively stressed group(100 μmol/L H2O2 was added in culture medium for 2 hours),methionine group(50 mmol/L methionine was added in culture medium for 1 hour),and oxidatively stressed + methionine group(100 μmol/L H2O2 was added in culture medium for 2 hours + 50 mmol/L methionine was added in culture medium for 1 hour).At the end of the experiment,culture fluid was collected.Homocysteine,cysteine,and glutathione were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography,and amino acids were assayed by amino acids analyzer.Results Compared with the control group,the contents of homocysteine[(3.76 ± 0.22)vs.(1.54±0.05)μmol/L,P=0.000]and cysteine[(199.80 ±8.75)vs.(99.11 ±2.47)μmol/L,P=0.000]significantly increased in methionine group,and the contents of homocysteine[(3.84 ± 0.34)vs.(1.54 ±0.05)μmol/L,P=0.000]and cysteine[(200.66±8.60)vs.(99.11 ±2.47)μ mol/L,P=0.000]also increased in oxidatively stressed + methionine group.Compared with oxidatively stressed group,the concentrations of homocysteine[(3.76 ± 0.22)vs.(1.67 ± 0.13)μmol/L,P =0.000],cysteine[(199.80 ± 8.75)vs.(82.64±15.88)μmol/L,P=0.000],and glutathione[(1.50 ±0.14)vs.(1.00 ±0.11)μ mol/L,P=0.011)]significantly increased in methionine group,and the concentrations of homocysteine[(3.84 ± 0.34)vs.(1.67±0.13)μmol/L,P=0.000],cysteine[(200.66±8.60)vs.(82.64±15.88)μmol/L,P=0.000]and glutathione[(1.40 ± 0.30)vs.(1.00 ± 0.11)μmol/L,P =0.028]significantly increased in oxidatively stressed + methionine groups.Compared with the control group,the contents of serine[(12.41 ± 1.51)vs.(24.00 ±2.54)mg/L,P =0.000],glutamate[(33.31 ±0.17)vs.(43.10 ±0.52)mg/L,P =0.000]and glycine[(6.23 ± 0.18)vs.(24.66 ± 10.87)mg/L,P =0.000]significantly decreased,while taurine [(7.99 ±0.16)vs.(6.17 ±0.15)mg/L,P =0.000]increased significantly in oxidatively stressed group.Compared with the oxidatively stressed group,the concentrations of serine[(16.98 ± 0.39)vs.(12.41 ± 1.51)mg/L,P=0.006)]and glutamate[(35.44 ±0.82)vs.(33.31 ±0.17)mg/L,P =0.002]in methionine group significantly increased,while taurine[(3.77 ±0.16)vs.(7.99 ±0.16)mg/L,P =0.000]significantly decreased in methionine group.Compared with the methionine group,the contents of serine[(12.59 ± 0.66)vs.(16.98±0.39)mg/L,P=0.008],glutamate[(30.87±0.60)vs.(35.44±0.82)mg/L,P=0.000]significantly decreased while taurine[(4.37 ± 0.12)vs.(3.77 ± 0.16)mg/L,P =0.001]in oxidatively stressed + methionine group significantly increased.Conclusion Oxidative stress can somehow promote homocysteine production in methionine loading BRL rat hepatocytes,but it is not the main effects.

Objective To investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich medium on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of inflammatory cytokines from murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells.Methods The RAW264.7cells were cultured in DMEM culture medium containing 10％ fetal bovine serum.The cells were seeded in 6-well plates (3 ml/hole) with a density of 2 × 106/ml and randomly divided into 4 groups (n =24 each):control group (group A),hydrogen-rich medium group (group B),LPS group (group C) and LPS + hydrogen-rich medium group (group D).Group A received no treatment.LPS 1 μg/ml was added to the medium in groups C and D,while the cells were incubated with 0.6 mmol/L hydrogen-rich medium simultaneously in groups B and D.Six wells in each group were chosen at 6,12.24 and 48 h of incubation,and the supernatant was collected to detect the concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10.Six wells in each group were chosen at 6 and 12 h of incubation for determination of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in the cells by Western blot.Results Compared with group A,the concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 in the supernatant were significantly increased,and the expression of HO-1 was up-regulated in group C (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β in the supernatant were significantly decreased,the concentration of IL-10 in the supernatant was significantly increased,and the expression of HO-1 was up-regulated in group D (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hydrogen-rich medium can inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines from RAW264.7 cells via up-regulating HO-1 expression.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity with spatial learning and memory under normal and pathological condition,and provide experimental evidence for the coincidence of hippocampal late-phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) and behavioral experiments.Methods 38 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,control and AD model.First,Morris water maze was used to test the ability of spatial learning and memory of rats.The escape latencies for rats to search for an underwater platform in 5 days of navigation tests and the swimming time percentage in target qtuadrant on the 6th day after withdrawing the platform in probe trails were recorded.Then,in vivo hippocampus L-LTP of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP)in CA1 region was recorded after delivering high frequency stimulation (HFS).ResultsBilateral intrahippocampal injection of 4 nmol amyloid β peptide ( Aβ 25-35 ) significantly impaired spatial learning and memory of rats in water maze tests,as well as in vivo hippocampal L-LTP.In control group,there was a significant negative correlation between the amplitude of fEPSP and the escape latency ( r =-0.8306,P ＜ 0.01 ) and a significant positive correlation between the amplitude of fEPSP and the swimming time percentage in target quadrant ( r=0.7709,P＜0.01 ).In AD model group,similar correlations were found,with a correlation coefficient of r =-0.7675 (P ＜0.01 ) and r =0.8049 (P ＜ 0.01 ),respectively.When putting all data from the two groups together,the hippocampal L-LTP was more correlated with escape latency ( r =-0.9124,P ＜ 0.01 ) and swimming time percentage ( r=0.9745,P＜0.01).ConclusionThere is very close correlation between the hippocampal L-LTP and the spatial learning and memory behavior in rats,suggesting that the hippocampal L-LTP may be involved in the electrophysiological mechanism of spatial learning and memory in rats,and the impairment of L-LTP could partly represent the deficits in cognitive function of animals.

Objective To explore the altered functional connectivity of the amygdala in adolescents with internet gaming disorder (IGD) using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis.Methods Thirty adolescents with IGD (IGD group) and 30 demographically matched healthy controls (HC group) were recruited.The right and left amygdala were selected as seed regions,the rsFC and dFC between 2 groups were calculated.The regions showing altered connectivity in IGD were adopted as ROIs for correlation analysis.Results Compared to HC group,IGD group had higher rsFC with the right amygdala over the right inferior temporal,middle temporal gyrus,middle frontal gyrus,lower rsFC with the right amygdala over the left inferior temporal,superior temporal and the right inferior occipital gyrus,superior occipital gyrus.The IGD group had lower rsFC with the left amygdala over the right rectal gyrus and thalamus.Compared to HC group,the IGD group showed higher dFC variance with the left amygdala over the right middle temporal and the left media frontal gyrus,and lower dFC variance over the right precuneus,inferior parietal lobe,posterior cingulate and the left postcentral gyrus.The IGD group showed higher dFC variance with the right amygdala over right middle frontal gyrus and lower dFC variance with the right amygdala over the right middle temporal,the left media frontal gyrus and paracingulate cortex,inferior parietal lobe.The rsFC between the left amygdala and right rectal gyrus was negatively correlated with Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) scores.The dFC variance between the left amygdala over the left postcentral gyrus was positively correlated with CIAS scores.The dFC variance between the left amygdala and the right inferior parietal lobe were negatively correlated with CIAS scores.Conclusion The amygdala participates in the development of IGD.

Purpose To investigate the expression of OTUB1 in colon cancer and the relationship between its expression and some clinicopathologic parameters. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical SP method were carried out in selected colon cancer and normal mucosa tissues. Results OTUB1 mRNA in colon cancer was 3. 5-fold higher than the normal mucosa. The expression of OTUB1 protein in the colon cancer was significantly higher than normal mucosa (P<0. 05). Moreover, its expression in normal tissues, adenoma and colon cancer showed a gradually increasing trend (P<0. 05). The higher expression of OTUB1 in colon cancer was related with tumor size, differentiation and lymph node metastasis. Conclusions OTUB1 may play an important role in co-lon cancer development.

Objective To develop SYBR Green I real-time PCR assay for detection and identification of Hepatitis B virus. Methods Based on the sequences of Hepatitis B virus gp1 gene,primers were designed.The reaction assay and thermal cyc-ling profile were optimized.The positive standard was from recombinant clone.Both the developed assay and Zhejiang kuake biotechnology company’s assay were applied in 100 patients serum.Results The detection limit was between 5×102 copies/ml to 5×108 copies/ml with a good liner correlation and no cross reaction.The whole process just needed 2.5 h.Comparing with the company products,the sensitivity and specificity of the developed assay were 100% and 92.5% respectively.Con-clusion The established assay is rapid,simple,high sensitivity and specificity.It is not only valuable for the identification of Hepatitis B virus patients,but also provide accurate quantitative analysis for HBV patients.