BACKGROUND:At present, there are few efficient therapies for infantile hemangioma, and the pathogenesis mechanisms remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To review the literatures available on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma, to understand the research progress on the pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma, and to provide a reference for developing new drug therapies.
METHODS:A computer-based online search was performed in the PubMed database for literatures related to the pathogenesis, physiopathological features and epidemiology data of infantile hemangioma published from January 2009 to February 2014. The subject headings are“hemangioma, capil ary, classification, epidemiology, etiology, embryology, cytology, physiopathology, pathology, immunology, genetics, drug therapy, therapy”.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Accumulating evidence has investigated the occurrence, development and regression of infantile hemangioma. However, no large-scale, multi-central epidemiology data are reported, and there is no theory explaining the pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma completely. Moreover, the relationship between al those theories about the pathogenesis remains unclear. The most important obstacle constraining the research is the lack of ideal animal model of infantile hemangioma. Due to the restrictions of nude mice models, it is imminent to develop new animal models for infantile hemangioma research.

Objective To investigate the choices of the timing and methods of the surgical operation after traumatic injuries to the facial nerve, and to emphasize the importance of the excision of perineauial scar,technique of microsurgery with no injuries and the methods selected for nerve coaptation according to the morphologic feature of the injuried nerve.Methods From December 1993 to November 1997, by microsurgical technique, seven cases with traumatic injuries to the facial nerve were treated in two stages from three months to four months after the trauma. Different methods were used including facial nerve anastomosis and implantation of the sural nerve transplant into the muscle. Results All cases have been followed up for six months to two years. The results of functional rehabilitation were excellent. Conclusions Whenever possible, the authors emphasize that the early repair with microsurgical technique should be performed to all of facial nerve with injury. Facial nerve anastomosis is the best choice for repair of early facial nerve severance. Implantation of nerve transplant into muscle has a certain clinical value of and the indication for the treatment of nerve injury.

Objective To establish an animal behavioral model of tinnitus with step -down test ,and make use of the model to analyze the tinnitus genesis site in the salicylate-rats .Methods Forty wistar rats were includscl in this study ,they were randonly into 2 groups(experinent group and constrot group ,20 rats each group) .Ascertain that the animals treated with sodium salicylate(SS) have the sensation of tinnitus with the method of step -down test behavioral model .After having established a behavioral conditioned reflex ,subjects responded correctly to jump onto a climbing pole after hearing the sound .Then animals were under bilateral auditory nerves section ,to test whether the ablated-animals could still jump onto the pole after being treated with SS .Results Animals with the ab‐lating surgery could seldom jump onto the pole ,only reaching 1 .59 ± 0 .12 times average per 10 tests .Compared with con‐trol group ,there were significant differences with t-Test (P<0 .05) ,suggesting that subjects could not hear the tinnitus after the surgery .Conclusion Sodium salicylate could not make the animals with bilateral auditory nerves section to have the sensation of tinnitus .The peripheral auditory system plays an extremely important role in salicylate-induced tinnitus .

Objective To study the immune response of dendritic cells(DC)modified with tumor antigen and SEB to transplanted tumor in nude mice.Methods Nude mice models were established with human colon cancer cells inoculated subcutaneously,grouped into control group,therapy group and retherapy group;DC was isolated and purified from PBMC of colon carcinoma patient to activate T lymphocyte with DC modified by tumour antigen and SEB.The T lymphocyte was implanted to the models to inhibit the growth of implanted tumor through tail vein.Tumor formation,growth and size,nude mice feeding and activity status were observed.Results The subcutaneously xenotransplanted tumor model of human colon carcinoma in nude mice was successfully established.After colon cancer cells had been inoculated in nude mice for 60 days,volume of transplanted tumor in the control group was(3 899?22)mm3,therapy group(1 301?16)mm3,and retherapy group(392?18)mm3.Compared with the control group,the tumor in therapy group and retherapy group could grow slowly(P=0.000).Compared with that in the therapy group,the tumor growth in retherapy group became obviously slower(P=0.000).Conclusion The immune response induced by DC can inhibit the growth of transplanted tumor in nudes mice,which may provide a new therapy for tumor.

BACKGROUND:Thoracolumbar fracture often accompanies with the injury of adjacent intervertebral disc. Traditional posterior short-segment fixation does not deal with the injured intervertebral disc, which may be the main reason for kyphosis in patients after surgery.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of injured intervertebral disc on kyphosis angle in patients with single vertebral thoracolumbar fracture after treated with posterior short-segment fixation alone.
METHODS:From January 2009 to June 2014, 40 cases of thoracolumbar fractures were treated in Jinan Central Hospital. They were folowed-up at preoperation, 2 and 12 months after operation and 6 months after internal fixation removal. Data were obtained from X-ray and MRI scanning. According to the preoperative MRI images, cases were assigned to observation group (17 cases) and control group (23 cases) according to injury and non-injury intervertebral disc. Data of vertebral wedge angle, sagittal plane kyphosis, proximal intervertebral disc angle, sagittal index and degeneration classification of proximal intervertebral disc angle from two different groups were analyzed at each folow-up time point (18-30 months, averagely 23.6 months).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Imaging parameters: sagittal plane kyphosis was significantly severer at 6 months than that at 2 months in both groups (P < 0.05). Sagittal plane kyphosis, proximal intervertebral disc angle and sagittal index were greater in the observation group than in the control group at 12 months after surgery and 6 months after fixator removal (P < 0.05). (2) Degeneration classification of proximal intervertebral disc angle: Pearce degeneration grade of proximal intervertebral disc was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group at 2 months after surgery and 6 months after internal fixation removal (P < 0.05). (3) Results suggested that kyphosis may appear in the patients with thoracolumbar fracture after a posterior short-segment fixation alone, and the injured disc may lead to more severe kyphosis.

Objective To study the clinical effect of nourishing kidney, securing essence and cooling blood on incipient diabetic nephropathy. Methods A total of 110 patients with incipient diabetic nephropathy were randomly recruited into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was treated with the method of nourishing kidney, securing essence and cooling blood and benazepril hydrochloride tablets. The control group was treated with bcnazepril hydrochloride tablets Exclusively. Urina microalbumin was detected in all patients 24 h before and after treatment. Results The effective rate was 94.7% and 86.8% in the treatment group and the control group respectively, showing significant difference (t= 9.31, P<0.01) . Conclusion The method of nourishing kidney, securing essence and cooling blood is effective to decrease urina microalbumin in incipient diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To examine the relationship between quetiapine serum concentration,dose,therapeu-tic efficacy and side effects in male patients with schizophrenia.Methods Sixty-three male patients with schizo-phrenia were collected.They were treated openly for 8 weeks with quetiapine,the dose was adjusted according to clini-cal improvement and tolerance.The plasma quetiapine concentrations,therapeutic efficacy and adverse drug reactions were observed after the 4 -week treatment period,and at the end of the 8 weeks of the treatment.Results After 4 weeks,the serum concentration had significant correlation with age,the disease duration and education level.After 8 weeks,there was significant correlation between serum concentration and age.We found a correlation between dose and serum concentration of quetiapine,and no relationship between serum concentration and PANSS scores.Side effects were correlated with 4 weeks′serum concentrations.Conclusion Quetiapine is effective for male patients with schizophrenia.Age,quetiapine dose and side effects have significant correlations with the serum concentration.It appears that plasma quetiapine concentration has no effects on therapeutic efficacy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results in patients who had ossicular chain reconstruction with a new type ossicular prostheses mixed bone morphogenetic protein and hydroxyapatite. METHOD: Analyze The effect of ossiculoplasty were analyzed in 59 cases. Ossiculoplasty using HA-BMP prostheses was performed in 26 ears,PORP was performed in 19 ears, TORP was performed in 7 ears. RESULT: The hearing success rate was 92.3% of 26 ears and no extrusion were found in HA-BMP group. There was a significant difference in mean postoperative air-bone gap between HA-BMP prostheses and autograft bone. CONCLUSION The new type HA-BMP prostheses can provide stable hearing results with high success rate over time.
Adult ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Bone Substitutes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ossicular Prosthesis ; Ossicular Replacement ; Tympanoplasty

BACKGROUND: Facial nerve injury causes facial nerve paralysis (or facial palsy) and even results in psychosocial disturbances of the patients. Repair the injured facial nerve and reconstruction of the nerve function as early as possible have been the primary concern in clinical studies.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the timing and surgical approaches for repairing facial paralysis in order to provides evidences for its therapeutic and prognostic evaluation.DESIGN: Case analysis based on patients.SETTING: Hospital of Plastic Surgery of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: Nine patients with traumatic facial paralysis hospitalized in the Hospital of Plastic Surgery of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from December 1993 to November 2001.METHODS: Facial nerve anastomosis was performed microsurgically along with the implantation of the sural nerve graft into orbicular muscle of the eye 3 or 4 months after nerve injury in the 9 patients. The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The facial nerve function was evaluated with House-Brackmann scale and photographs of the patients' faces before and after surgical treatment were taken.RESULTS: In the follow-up of these patients lasting 6 months to 2 years,all the patients attained satisfactory outcome.CONCLUSION: Early operation is crucial for the treatment of traumatic facial paralysis,with facial nerve anastomosis as the primary choice. The implantation of the nerve graft into muscle is also indicated for repairing traumatic facial paralysis in some cases. The importance of individualized treatment choice is reiterated on the basis of cicatrectomy and the extent and specific features of the injury.

Hemangiopericytoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed