Objective To observe the distribution of substance P in the accessory auditory pathway of pigeon. Methods Immunocytochemical staining by using specific antibody against substance P was used. Results Intensely stained SP-like immunoreactive (SP-ir) neurons and fibers were mainly observed in the nucleus intercollicularis (ICo), periphery area of nucleus ventralis leminisci lateralis(VLV), shell area of nucleus ovoidalis (Ov), nucleus periventricularis magnocellularis (PVM), nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami(VMN), periphery area of the nucleus taeniae (Tn) of posterior archistriatum, nucleus preopticus anterior(POA), and the tractus septomesencephalicus(TSM).Conclusion There are many SP-ir structures in the accessory auditory pathway and brain regions related to reproductive control of the pigeon. Our results suggest SP may play a functional role in the vocal and endocrine regulation.

Objective To evalute the feasibility and safety of sirolimus (rapamycin)-eluting stent for the treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR). Methods Eleven patients with ISR were treated with one or more Cypher~ TM sirolimus-eluting stents. All these patients received angiographic follow-up at 6 months. Results The success rate of the procedure was 100%. All patients were free of angina after 6 months. There were no repeat revascularizations, stent thrombosis or major adverse clinical events during the follow up period. No ISR was noted in the follow-up coronary angiography. Conclusion This study demonstrates the safety and potential of sirolimus-eluting stents for the treatment of ISR.

Objective To establish a HPLC-ESI-MS method for simultaneous analysis and determination of flavonoids in Semen Hoveniae. Methods The separation was performed on Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18 column (50 mm× 2. 1 mm,1.7 μm) with a mobile phase of formic acid aqueous solution (B) and MeOH (A). The flow rate was at 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength was at 290 nm. Samples were analyzed in positive-ion detection model. Results Five kinds of flavonoids in Semen Hoveniae were separated well and were tentatively identified by ESI-MS and by reference to litera-ture data. Conclusion The method is accurate and rapid, and can be used for the identification of flavonoids in Semen Hoveniae.

BACKGROUND:The levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are increased during infectious brain edema, and are positively relevant to the degree of brain damage. However, whether TNF-α can enhance blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability remains unclear, especially in vitro.OBJECTIVE: To understand the changes and possible mechanism of the BBB permeability induced by TNF-α in vitro.DESIGN: Randomized controlled cell model study in vitro.SETTING:Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Department of Biochemistry, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University.MATERIALS: Twenty 7-day-old healthy Sprague-Dawley rats, of clean grade and either gender, were provided by the Animal Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. TNF-α was purchased from sigma Company; DMEM fluid medium and fetal bovine serum were purchased from Hyclone Company; Y-27632 was purchased from Alexis Company,and rabbit anti-human factor Ⅷ -related antigen was purchased from Zymed Company; Mouse anti-rat glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was purchased from Neomarkers. Other biochemical reagents were imported (Sigma Company).METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between March 2004 and April 2005. Brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes were co-cultured 10 days to set up rat models of BBB in vitro. Then, the cells were divided into 4 groups: model group(BBB models were prepared), TNF-α group ( BBB model incubated with 0.01 g/L TNF-α for 5 hours), Y-27632 pretreated group ( BBB model incubated with 30 μmol/L Y-27632 for 1 hour before 0.01g/L TNF-α challenge ) and Y-27632 control group (BBB models only incubated with Y-27632 as those in the Y-27632 pretreated group). The effect of TNF-α on BBB permeability was observed by detecting the 125 I -BSA, which passed through the inserts at each time point (30,60,120 and 240 minutes) using .γradioimmunoassay counter.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The 125 I -BSA, which passed through the inserts in rat models of BBB at different time points after intervention.RESULTS: The 125 I -BSA, which passed through the inserts in rat models of BBB, was all significantly higher in the TNF-α group than in the other groups at 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes after intervention, respectively (P ＜ 0.01), and reached the peak at 240 minutes; The 125 I -BSA, which passed through the inserts, was lower in the Y-27632 pre-treated group than in the TNF-α group at 30 and 60 minutes after intervention (P＜ 0.01). There was also significant difference in 125 I -BSA permeation between Y-27632 pretreated group and Y-27632 control group after 120 minutes (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: TNF-α can increase BBB permeability, and Y-27632 pretreatment can early reverse the effect of TNF-α on BBB permeability.

Objective To determine the most appropriate combination of target effect-site concentrations (Ce) of propofol and remifentanil administered by TCI for fiberoptic bmnchoscopy in terms of depth of anesthesia and safety.Methods One hundred and eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 18-60 yr with body mass index ranging from 20-25 kg/m2 undergoing elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy under general anesthesia were randomized into 6 groups based on Ce of propofol (5.0,5.5,6.0 μg/ml) and remifentanil(2.5,3.0 ng/ml)(n=30 each):P5.0 R2.5,P5.5 R2.5,P6.0 R2.5,P530 R3.0,P5.5 R3.0 and P6.0 R3.0.Anesthesia was induced and maintained with TCI of propofol and remifentanil.MAP,HR,and SpO2 were continuously monitored.The examination was started when the target Ce was reached.When continuous coughing or bronchospasm occurred,2% lidocaine was given for topical anesthesia.When MAP decreased by more than 30% of the baseline value and/ or HR<55 boats per min,ephedrine was injected iv.When MAP increased by more than 30% of the baseline value and/or HR>120 beats per min,remifentanil was injected iv.TCI was stopped when the examination was over.The amount of propofol and remifentanil consumed,induction time,emergence time,duration of bronchoscopy and the number of the patients in whom ephedrine and intermittent iv boluses of remifentanil were given were recorded and compared among the 6 groups.The efficacy ofanesthesia was evaluated and the doctors' satisfaction recorded.Results The induction time and emergence time were significantly longer in P6.0 R3.0 and P6.0 R2.5 groups than in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). The efficacy of anesthesia was better in group P5.5 R3.0 and P6.0 R3.0 than in group P5.0 P2.5, P5.5 R2.5 and P5.0 R3.0 ( P < 0.05). Anesthesia was more satisfactory as evaluated by the doctor in group P5.5 R3.0.The number of patients who received iv bolus of remifentanil and ephedrine during bronchoscopy was smallest in group P5.5 R3.0 ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion TCI of propofol at Ce of 5.5 μg/ml combined with remifentanil TCI at Ce of 3.0 ng/ml provides satisfactory anesthesia for flberoptic bronchoscopy.

This article was aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of massage manipulation in the treatment of post-stroke elbow flexor spasticity . Stroke cases that met the inclusion criteria were selected . The cases were randomly divided into the treatment group of 48 cases and the control group of 48 cases . The treatment group was treated with massage . And the control group was treated with continuous static stretch technique . The re-sults showed that there was significant difference before and after the treatment in both groups. And the treat-ment group was significantly better than the control group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . It was concluded that massage manipu-lation has obvious effect in the treatment of post-stroke elbow flexor spasticity.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and ADR of Houttuynia cordata eye drops combined with Olopatadine eye drops in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS:160 eyes with allergic conjunctivitis were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 80 eyes in each group. The control group was given olopatadine eye drops,and observa-tion group was additionally given H. cordata eye drops(medication interval>10 min)on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 14 days. Symptoms and signs of 2 groups were observed and scored before treatment and 14 d after treatment. Ef-fective rates of 2 groups were calculated,and the occurrance of ADR was observed. RESULTS:Compared with before treatment, symptoms and sings score of 2 groups were decreased,with statistical significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05);the decrease of two score in observation group were more significant than in control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05);effective rates of control group and observation group were 37.50%and 77.50%,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:H. corda-ta eye drops combined with olopatadine eye drops can ameliorate clinical symptoms and signs of allergic conjunctivitis patients sig-nificantly,and improve therapeutic efficacies without obvious ADR.

Objective To investigate the comprehensive intervention residents health literacy with the thera-peutic efficacy of hypertensive patients on diabetes,and to provide a reference for the implementation of clinical inter-ventions.Methods 1 684 cases of community residents were selected as the research objects.Lectures on health,one on one counseling,health manuals mode on the implementation of comprehensive intervention residents health litera-cy.Comparison of the residents after comprehensive intervention China citizen health literacy questionnairesurvey results,and the awareness rate of diabetes,high blood pressure,diabetes hypertension compared after comprehensive intervention,the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of blood pressure,blood glucose were investigated. Results After comprehensive intervention,the basic knowledge and concept healthy residents of the ratio of 81.94%,healthy lifestyle and behavior of the ratio of 82.18%to 81.77%the proportion of health,skills,health liter-acy was 54.98%,which were significantly higher than those of intervention,the difference (χ2 =17.88,90.67, 193.72,413.88,all P<0.05);the number of patients of hypertension in 537 cases,the incidence was 31.89%.The prevalence of hypertension in residents after comprehensive intervention,the awareness rate was 64.06%,the stand-ardized treatment rate was 51.02%and the control rate of hypertension was 35.01%,which were significantly higher than those of intervention(χ2 =67.93,24.85,30.66,all P<0.05);prevalence of diabetes in 269 cases,the inci-dence was 15.97%.The prevalence of diabetes in residents after comprehensive intervention,the awareness rate of diabetes was 78.07%,standardized treatment rate was 60.97%,the blood sugar control rate was 37.17%,which were significantly higher than those of intervention(χ2 =68.78,6.33,17.48,all P<0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive intervention residents health literacy is the effective measures to improve the residents'health literacy and health liter-acy,improve help control blood pressure in patients with hypertension and diabetes,glycemic index,which is of posi-tive significance to promoting the control hypertension,diabetes.

Objective To establish a fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for rapid, sensitive and specific determination of -88/-123 polymorphisms in Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) gene promoter so as to provide molecular biology tool for optimized interferon-a treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotyping,serum HBV DNA level,and- 88/- 123 polymorphisms in MxA gene promoter of patients who had been treated with interferon-α were detected. The statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software to understand the relationship between MxA gene polymorphisms and interferon-α treatment. Afterwards, an optimal fluorescent PCR system was established to determine -88/-123 polymorphisms in MxA gene promoter. The sensitivity and the specificity of this system were confirmed by DNA sequencing. P-value of chi square test, odds ratios of regression analysis and 95% confidence intervals were employed. Results Patients with- 88 G/T and - 123 C/A in the interferon-stimulated response element in MxA gene promoter were interferon-α sensitive, while patients with - 88 GIG and - 123 C/C were not interferon-α sensitive. The coincidence rate of this system was 99.65% in comparison with DNA sequencing.Conclusion MxA gene polymorphisms could be rapidly and sensitively determined by this fluorescent PCR system.

Objective:To analyze the podocalyxin (PCX) expression in the kidney and the number of urinary podocytes in different pathological grades of Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN),and to determine whether the number of urinary podocytes reflects the renal damage in HSPN.Methods:Fifty-six children diagnosed with HSPN in our hospital were enrolled in the study and classified into 4 groups by renal pathology:grade Ⅱ (Ⅱa+Ⅱb) (n=10),grade Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb) (n=21),grade Ⅳ (n=16),and grade Ⅴ (n=9).Four kidney autopsy specimens without histomorphologic lesions and 8 urine samples from healthy children served as controls.With immunofluorescence assay,the PCX expression in 4 normal renal tissues and in the renal tissues of the 56 HSPN children was detected and quantitatively analyzed.Positive rate and the number of urinary podocytes were detected in the 8 healthy children and 56 HSPN children.Results:In the renal tissues of the normal control group and grade Ⅱ (Ⅱa+Ⅱb) HSPN group,the PCX expression was complete.The percentage of the PCX positive area out of the total glomerular area in the renal tissues of 2 groups had no significant difference (P＞0.05).In the renal tissues of grade Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb),Ⅳ,and Ⅴ HSPN groups,the PCX expression showed various degrees of loss,decreasing in turn from grade Ⅱ (Ⅱa+Ⅱb),Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb),Ⅳ to Ⅴ,with significant differences between each group (P＜0.01).For HSPN with grade Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb) or higher,positive PCX expression was found in the urine,suggesting the presence of enough podocytes in the urine.The percentage of fluorescence positive area out of the total glomerular area of PCX in the renal tissues was negatively correlated with the total number of urinary podocytes (r=-0.637,P＜0.01).Conclusion:Podocyte injury plays a certain role in the pathological progression of HSPN.The urinary detection ofpodocytes can reflect the degrees of pathological damage in HSPN.