Objective:To explore the effect of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) on the expression of mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease cells.Methods:Oleic acid was used to construct a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease cell model by inducing lipid deposition in THLE-2 cells in vitro. Simultaneously, intracellular triglyceride content, iPLA2 expression levels, and mGPDH levels were determined at various induction times (0, 24, 48, and 72 h) using a triglyceride assay kit, quantitative RT-PCR, and western blotting. The model cells were treated with bromelenol lactone, an iPLA2 inhibitor, and N-acetylcysteine, a ROS inhibitor, respectively. Following continuous culture for 24 and 48 hours, the cells were harvested, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of mGPDH were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and linear correlation.Results:The intracellular triglyceride content gradually increased ( P < 0.01), the mGPDH mRNA and protein expression decreased ( P < 0.01), and the iPLA2 mRNA and protein expression increased ( P < 0.01) in THLE-2 cells with the prolonging time effect of oleic acid therapy. In addition, the mGPDH mRNA expression level was negatively correlated with the iPLA2 mRNA level ( r = -0.878, P = 0.002). The expression levels of mGPDH mRNA and protein in the iPLA2 inhibitor group and ROS inhibitor group were increased compared with the model control group ( P < 0.01). The expression of mGPDH mRNA was increased at 24 h compared with 48 h in the iPLA2 inhibitor group ( P < 0.01). The expression of mGPDH mRNA was gradually increased in the ROS inhibitor group with the prolongation of inhibitor action time ( P < 0.01). Compared with the two inhibitor groups, the increase in mGPDH mRNA was significantly higher in the ROS inhibitor group than that in the iPLA2 inhibitor group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). Conclusion:iPLA2 can inhibit the expression of mGPDH in non-alcoholic fatty liver cells to a certain extent.