Objective To investigate the influence of deoxyschizandrin (Deo) on P-glycoprotein (P-gp).Methods The effect of P-gp on Deo (20,40,80 μg·mL-1) was studied in the Caco-2 cell model in vitro,and the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of Deo (20-160 μg·mL-1) on a P-gp substrate,rhodamine123 or cyclosporine A,was calculated.Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups:blank control group,verapamil group,low-,medium-and high-dose Deo group (8 rats in each group).Rats in the low-,medium-and high-dose Deo group were intragastrically administered once daily with Deo at 8,16 and 32 mg·kg-1 for 3 consecutive days,while rats similarly received gavagewith verapamil (4 mg·kg-1) in the verapamil group and equal volume of purified water in the blank control group.Thirty minutes after the rats were treated with their respective drugs,rhodamine123 (5 mg· kg-1) was orally administrated.Then the pharmacokinetic profiles of rhodamine 123 were analyzed to evaluate the inhibitory ability of Deo on P-gp in vivo.Results The bidirectional transport rates of Deo (20,40,80 μg·mL-1) were similar,with non-selectivity.Deo (20-160 pg·mL-1)significantly inhibited the basolateral→apical(BL→AP) directional transports of rhodamine 123 and cyclosporine A in Caco-2 cell model (P ＜ 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner.And Deo (8-32 mg· kg-1) also dose-dependently decreased the peak concentrations (Cm.) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-t) of Rho123.Conclusion Deo can inhibit P-gp in vitro and in vivo,but it is not a P-gp substrate.

Objective:To investigate the effects of schizandrin B on P- glycoprotein by a classical in vitro cell model. Methods:Caco-2 cell model was used as the carrier,and rhodamine 123 and cyclosporin A were employed as the P-gp substrates, the transmembrane transportation of schizandrin B,rodamine 123 and cyclosporin A were detected by HPLC and a liquid scintillation counting assay,and the apparent permeability coefficient and permeability directional ratio were calculated. Results:The bidirectional transportation rates of schizandrin B(20 μg·ml -1 ,40 μg·ml -1 and 80μg·ml-1 )were similar,and showed non-selective difference. Schizandrin B(20-160 μg ·ml -1 )significantly inhibited the BL → AP directional transportation of rhodamine 123 and cyclosporine A in Caco-2 cell model(P < 0. 05) in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion:Schizandrin B is a P-gp inhibitor,while it isn’t a P-gp substrate.

Objective To summarize the practical experience of 2 cases of anemia following living related intestinal transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 2 cases of anemia following living related intestinal transplantation were studied retrospectively. After the surgical procedure regiments of blood transfusion, hemostasia, to cut down the dosage of some drug, to fill up raw material of hematopoientic system and requisite nutrition support were used to treat the patients. Results Four weeks later, the diseased conditions of the two patients became better and better. The index of hemoglobin were increased remarkably, to normal level 100 to 120?g/L.Conclusion Anemia is one of the common syndrome in living related intestinal transplantation. The correction of anemia is very important in treating such patients.

Objective To compare extramedullary fixation (EF), intramedullary fixation (IF) and dipolar femoral replacement(DFR) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly patients. Methods From July 1999 to December 2008, 172 old patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated by either EF, or IF or DFR. The operative procedures, complications and therapeutic effects were compared between the 3 methods. Results The patients included in the present study were followed up for 8 to 36 months (average, 19. 6 months). There were significant differences ( P<0. 05) in incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, functional recovery and complications between the 3 methods. IF had the shortest incision length and the least intraoperative blood loss. DFR had less blood loss than EF. IF had the least operation time, followed by DFR. DFR had the best functional recovery one year postoperatively. IF had shorter rehabilitation and healing time than EF. Conclusions EF is the first choice for intertrochanteric fractures of A 1.1, A 1.2, A 1.3 and A2. 1. IF is more appropriate for the aged and unhealthy patients with intertrochanteric fractures of A1. 1, A1. 2, A1. 3, A2. 1, A2. 2, A3. 1 and A3.2. DFR is fit for the elderly patients with severe comminuted fractures and osteoporosis.

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Otolaryngology ; methods ; Semicircular Canals

Objective To study the anti-proliferation and apoptosis induction effect of cisplatin combined with Astragalus on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells.Methods The proliferation inhibition of cisplatin and Astragalus alone or in combination on Laryngeal cancer Hep-2cells was measured by MTT assay.Effects of cisplatin and Astragalus alone or in combination on apoptosis of Hep-2 cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins.Results The inhibition ratio of proliferation of Hep-2 cells was (53.83 ± 17.12) ％ in the astragalus group,(69.12 ± 27.12)％ in the cisplatin group,and (84.55 ± 27.84)％ in the cisplatin combined with Astragalus group,and was significantly greater than the control group (0％) (t =16.87,16.67,40.90,P ＜0.01),respectively.The apoptotic ratio of Hep-2 cells was (38.2 ± 13.6)％ in the astragalus group,(67.2 ± 17.8)％ in the cisplatin group,and (86.4 ± 25.1)％] in the cisplatin combined with Astragalus group,and was significantly greater than control group (17.1 ± 1.3) ％ (t =8.11,12.77,24.92,P ＜0.05),respectively.The effect in the combination group is better than the other group (t =11.33,9.37,P ＜ 0.01).The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were changed.Conclusions The tumor-killing effect of cisplatin on laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells could be enhanced significantly by the combination application of astragalus by the way of regulating the expression of Bcl-2/Bax.

AIM: To determine the mycoplasma infection and the drug resistance in outpatients with NGU. METHODS: Mycoplasma culture, identification and drug sensitivity assay were carried out with samples of 472 NGU patients by using one complex mycoplasma kit. RESULTS: 153 in 472 cases showed mycoplasma positive. The total positive rate was 32.4%. The positive cases of Uu, Mh and mixed both infection were 112( 23.7%), 11( 2.3%), and 30( 6.4%), respectively. The female positive rate was found significantly higher than that of male (? 2= 4.157,P

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and economy of omeprazole and esomeprazole in the treatment of brain trauma and cerebral hemorrhage complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. METHODS:The data of 110 patients with trauma cere-bral hemorrhage complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed and divided into omeprazole group (56 cases)and esomeprazole group(54 cases). All patients were given conventional treatment. On this basis,omeprazole group was treated with Omeprazole for injection 40 mg by intravenous infusion;esomeprazole group was treated with Esomeprazole injection 40 mg by intravenous infusion,twice a day. The treatment course for 2 groups was 5 d. The efficacy and economy of patients were com-pared. RESULTS:The total effective rates in esomeprazole group were significantly higher than omeprazole group higher,the cost-ef-fectiveness in esomeprazde group(1 397.71)were significantly lower than omeprazole group(1 512.09)(P<0.05),andΔC/ΔE=91.52. CONCLUSIONS:Esomeprazole has good efficacy,safety and economy in the treatment of brain trauma cerebral hemorrhage compli-cated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Objective:To explore the necessity of the preventive use of antibiotics and the effects of age and operation time on the efficacy of inguinal hernia repair without tension,and to elucidate the clinical significance of the preventive application of prophylactic antibiotics in inguinal hernia repair without tension.Methods:A total of 228 patients with inguinal hernia repair without tension were selected,amomg them 42 cases with high infection factors were treated with antibiotics (treated group),and 186 cases were not treated with antibiotics(untreated group) during the preoperative period.The prophylactic antibiotics were given 30 min before surgery,and the conventional dose was not used more than 48 h after surgery.All the cases were treated with artificial repair materials for the procedure of inguinal hernial repair without tension.The age,highest body temperature,white blood cell count,operation time,hospitalization time,and postoperative body temperature of all the 228 cases were recorded and analyzed statistically.Results:The preoperative and postoperative white blood cell counts had significant differences between the patients<60 years and the patients≥60 years in untreated group (P<0.05);there were no significant differences in the operation time,hospitalization time and body temperature between the patients<60 years and the patients≥60 years in untreated group (P>0.05).Compared with the patients with the operation time>90 min,the white blood cell count and hospitalization time of the patients with the operation time ≤90 min were increased (P<0.05).There were no significant differences of the body temperature and age between the patients with the operation time >90 min and the patients with the operation time≤90 min (P>0.05).The white blood cell count,operation time,hospitalization time and postoperative body temperature of the patients between treated group and untreated group had no significant differences (P>0.05).Conclusion:The use of antibiotics in the high-risk patients and non-use of antibiotics in the majority of elective inguinal hernia repair without tension can ensure the safe and performability of the patients.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of early EN on mucosal structure and absorption function of allograft after living-related small bowel transplantation.　Methods:Early enteral nutrition was used.The image analysis,D-xylose absorbtion test and blood culture were used to measure the villus height and area,D-xylose absorption and bacterial translocation in blood.　Results:The morphometric examination showed that villus height and villus area were decreased on the 7th postoperative day,began to increase on the 12th day after transplantation and had been the 80% of normal level.The percentage of D-xylose absorption was gradually increased and reached the normal level on the postoperative 38th day.Postoperative blood cultures were always negative.　Conclusions:Early EN support can improve the mucosal structure and absorption function of small bowel allograft after living-related small bowel transplantation.