ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement of plasma D-dimer level in the diagnosis of acute and chronic deep venous thrombosis(DVT) of the lower limbs. Methods Gold colloids immunofiltration assay(GIA) was used to detect D-dimer in the plasma in 121 patients with DVT of the lower limbs confirmed by continuous wave Dopper ultrasound and B-mode ultrasound (normal value

Objective To control the quality of the species in Dioscorea L. better. Methods An HPLC-ELSD method was developed for the first time to simultaneously determine four bioactive ingredients:dioscin gracillin,protoneodioscin, and protoneogracillin in 31 samples belonging to seven species of Dioscorea L. from different areas. The column was an Inertsil HILIC (250mmx4.6 mm,5pm). The separation was carried out with a gradient program. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Results The standard curve was rectilinear in the range of 0.464-12.97 gg (r=0.9969) for dioscin, 0.310-7.09 ltg (r = 0.9953) for gracillin, 0.469-11.66 gg (r=0.9970) for protoneodioscin, and 0.276-6.87 gg (r＝0.9992) for protoneogracillin. The recoveries of the markers were 98.1%, 100.1%, 97.2%, and 96.4%, respectively. The contents of the four components were quite different among the seven species of Dioscorea L. Conclusion The proposed HPLC-ELSD method is convenient,fast, accurate, and applicable for simultaneous analysis of multiple bioactive components of species in Dioscorea L.for quality control, which could facilitate discovering new natural resources of steroidal saponin.

Objective To construct siRNA expression vector of XIAP,and study its effect on XIAP expression in Hep3B cells. MethodsThree XIAP siRNA sequences were designed,synthesized,and cloned to pRNAT-U6.1/Neo.The successfully constructed recombinant plasmid was determined by sequence analysis,and will be transfected into Hep3B.The best interference plasmid were analyzed by RTPCR,Western blot,and immunohistochemistry.Results The plasmid of pRNAT-U6.1/Neo-XIAP was constructed successfully,the trans-fected with different plasmid of siRNA XIAP can lower significantly XIAP.Conclusions The siRNA vector of XIAP gene was constructed successfully.It will be a basis for the study of XIAP function in apoptosis regulation of the Hepatoma cells.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the prostate. Methods Two patients with small cell carcinoma of the prostate were reported. Case 1 was 50 year-old. He was admitted with a history of dysuria and perineal pain for 3 months. Digital rectal examination (DRE) showed that the enlarged prostate was 5. 0 cm?6. 0 cm and palpated hard and rough. Low-echo mass was shown on ultrasonography, and heterogeneous density of the prostate on CT. His serum PSA level was 0. 31 ng/ml,and fPSA level was 0.09 ng/ml. Prostate cancer was suspected by biopsy,and radical prostatectomy was performed. Case 2 was 82 year-old. The complaints consisted of dysuria and intermittent gross hematuria for 4 months. The enlarged prostate was 4. 0 cm?5. 0 cm and palpated hard and rough with multiple nodes by DRE. Low-echo mass was shown on ultrasonography, and heterogeneous density of the prostate and involvement of seminal vesicle and bladder neck on CT. His serum PSA level was 2.61 ng/ml,and fPSA level was 0.05 ng/ml. Prostate carcinoma was indicated by biopsy, and orchiectomy plus TURP was performed. Results The diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the 2 cases were confirmed by postoperative pathology. Microscopically, the tumor cells were arranged in solid-sheet and nest structures, showing the histologic type of diffuse infiltrative carcinoma. Coagulated necrosis could be found easily. Small round or oval cells resembling lymphocytes or oat cells were the main constituents of the tumor. The nuclei were extremely hyperchromatic and scanty. The seminal vesicle and bladder neck had tumor infiltration. The immunohistochemical staining results were negative for LCA,L-26 and 34?E12,but positive for PSA,AE1/ AE3 and AR ,and suspected positive for CgA and S-100. Case 1 died of extensive lung metastasis 1 month after operation. Case 2 had retroperitoneal metastasis of the tumor 3 months after operation, and has been followed till now. Conclusions Small cell cancer of the prostate is rare but can be diagnosed properly based on clinical and pathological features. Radical prostatectomy combined with hormone and chemotherapy is reliable treatment for early stage cancer; but for late stage cancer, there is no effective treatment and the prognosis is poor.

Objective To establish the characteristic spectrum of ginkgo leaf tablets,ginkgo leaf capsules,and ginkgo leaf dropping pills.Methods HPLC-ELSD analysis was performed on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,2.7 μm)with the methanol-0.1% formic acid as mobile phase at the gradient elution mode,flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1.Results Referring to the reference extract,a total of 12 peaks were established in the characteristic spectrum and selected as the characteristic common peaks.Conclusion The established method was simple and sensitive with good reproducibility,so it could be used to control the quality of ginkgo leaf preparations.

Objective To explore the feasibility of using the quantitative reference extract of ginkgo leaf total lactones instead of single component reference for the quantitative assay of Ginkgo Folium.Methods HPLC-ELSD method was performed by using a Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with methanol-water as the mobile phase at the gradient elution mode.Flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.The parameters of ELSD detector were as follows,the drifit tube temperature was 105 ℃,and the flow rate of nitrogen(N2) was 3 L·min-1.Results The linear ranges of ginkgolide A,ginkgolide B,ginkgolide C,and bilobalide were 0.735-5.879 μg (r=0.999 6),0.404-6.060 μg (r=0.999 6),0.296-4.439 μg (r=0.999 6),and 1.001-6.006 μg (r=0.999 7),respectively.The recoveries and RSD of the four components were 95.6% (4.0%),97.3% (4.5%),99.3% (5.0%),and 100.4% (2.1%),respectively.Conclusion The quantitative reference extract of ginkgo leaf total lactones can be used as the substitute for the determination of terpene lactones.

Photoautotrophic cultivation with heterotrophic cells as seeds (heterotrophic cells/photoautotrophic cultivation) is an effective way for the development of microalgal biofuel, but its development potential from the point of process optimization has not been investigated in literatures. To evaluate this, the optimizations of medium and culture conditions for Chlorella ellipsoidea were studied. In the heterotrophic stage, the biomass concentration reached 11.04 g/L with the optimized medium in flask, which were 28.0% higher than that with the original medium, and the biomass concentration reached 73.89 g/L in 5-L fermenter. In the photoautotrophic stage, the culture medium and conditions were studied in a 2-L column photobioreactor. The maximum biomass concentration, lipid content and lipid productivity reached 1.62 g/L, 36.34% and 6.1 mg/(L·h) under the optimal photoautotrophic conditions. The lipids were mainly composed of C16-C18 fatty acids, which were raw material suitable for biodiesel. After optimization, heterotrophic cells/photoautotrophic cultivation can significantly improve the capacity of biofuel production by Chlorella ellipsoidea, this method is also expected to be an efficient way for the cultivation of other microalgae that can grow heterotrophically.
Biofuels ; Biomass ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Chlorella ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; Fatty Acids ; biosynthesis ; Heterotrophic Processes ; Lipids ; biosynthesis ; Photobioreactors

Objective To introduce the application and assess the outcome of ProPlan CMF software in virtual surgery of mandibular resection and reconstruction with vascularized fibular graft.Methods Nineteen patients were performed mandibular resection,and immediate reconstruction with free fibular graft by application of ProPlan CMF software between March 1,2013 and January 31,2014,including 7 cases of osteoradionecrosis,6 cases of adamantoblastoma,4 cases of carcinoma of gingiva,2 cases of intra-osseous carcinoma of mandible.There were 12 males and 7 females,with an age range of 21-73 years (median,54 years).In each case,three-dimensional spiral CT scan of mandible and fibula was obtained before operation.The CT data were imported into the ProPlan CMF software and the virtual surgical planning was performed.After that,the mandibular rapid prototyping and surgical guide plates were made according to customized design.The segmental resection of mandible,titanium plate bending,fibular molding,insetting and fixing were then carried out by using these surgical guide plates.Results Operations were undertaken successfully according to preoperative design in all nineteen patients and negative margin was detected by intraoperative frozen section.The fibula was cut,shaped and fixed accurately.The operations took 4.5-7.0 hours (mean,5.5 hours).Primary healing of incision was obtained without complications except fistula in 2 cases of osteoradionecrosis,which were resolved with local wound care after 4 weeks.19 patients were followed up between 3 months to 1 year and all patients were alive with disease free.All patients were satisfactory with their maxillofacial appearance,occlusion and function.The ranges of mouth opening was 2.0-4.0 cm.The postoperative panoramic radiographs or CT scan showed perfect situation and contour of fibular graft.Healing of the donor site occurred without significant complications.All patients started early postoperative ambulation,and walked normally after 2 or 3 months.Conclusion The application of ProPlan CMF software in virtual surgical design and guide plates creation can simplify the operation,and improve the accuracy of mandibular resection and reconstruction,especially the spatial relationship of the mandible and the fibula graft.It is worth promotion widely in clinical practice.

Objective To study the protein expression profiles in stegnotic and normal segment of Hirschspning disease (HD) and find the differentially expressed proteins. Methods Immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to isolate the proteins from stegnotic and normal segment of HD. After the samples were treated with silver staining,ImageMaster 2D Platinum analysis software was used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins. Results Repeatable 2-DE profiles were obtained. The mean matching rates of the stegnotic and normal mucosa were 78.1% and 86.7%,respectively. Totally, 103 spots of differentially expressed proteins were screened out between the stegnotic and the normal segment of HD. Conclusion Good reproduuibility and resolution could be obtained in the tissues of HD by applying immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Screened differentially expressed proteins may provide the candidates of the markers for early detection of HD.