Objective Aim to set up the method of glycoprotein B genotype of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) analysis by using nested polymerase chain reaction(nPCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). Methods Eleven blood samples and twenty-three urine samples were obtained from thirty-four HCMV-infected patients. A fragment of gB gene was amplified by nPCR. HCMV gB genotyping was carried out by RFLP, and the amplified DNA fragments were verified by DNA sequencing. Results Of the 34 patients, gB type Ⅰ was found in 13 patients, gB type Ⅱ in 12 patients, gB type Ⅲ in 9 patients, and none had the gB type Ⅳ sequence. The similarities of PCR products of HCMV gB Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ amplified compared with the sequences of prototype strains in GenBank were 98.1%～99.6%, 98.9%～100%, 97.3%～98.9%. Conclusions The nPCR assay developed in this study was sensitive and specific for detection of HCMV, and RFLP analysis of HCMV gB genotype was definite and reliable.

Objective To explore the correlations between trustworthiness leadership of head nurses and work immersion. Method A questionnaire on trustworthiness leadership of head nurse and the nurses′ work immersion scale were used to have investigation among 460 nurses. Results The total score on trustworthiness leadership was (105.04 ± 13.78), which was in the middle level and the total score on work immersion was (41.28 ± 10.08), which was at a higher level. The trustworthiness leadership was positively related to their work immersion as well as its dimensions (all P<0.05). Conclusion The administrators of the hospitals and nursing managers should pay attention to head nurse′s trustworthy leadership , for the purpose of improving the integrity of the leadership behavior of head nurses.

Objective:To study the regulatory effect of Wumen-Yiji powder on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) signal transduction system in intestine and hypothalamus of diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) model rats. Methods:Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group (10 rats) and diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome group (50 rats). The diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome group formed the diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome model after 2 weeks of senna leaf gavage and restraint stress. They were randomly divided into model group, deshute group (1.5 mg/kg), low, medium and high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San (6, 12, 24 g/kg), with 10 rats in each group. After continuous administration for 2 weeks, the contents of 5-HT in serum, colon and hypothalamus were detected by ELISA; HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of colon in each group. The protein and mRNA levels of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1), serotonin receptor 3 (5-HT3R), serotonin receptor 4 (5-HT4R), serotonin transporter (SERT) in colon and hypothalamus were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. Results:Compared with the model group, the pathological morphology of colon in each treatment group was improved. Compared with the model group, the level of 5-HT in serum and colon significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the level of 5-HT in hypothalamus of rats in the low, medium, high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San significantly increased ( P<0.05). The expression of TPH-1, 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R protein significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the expression of SERT protein in the medium, high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San significantly increased ( P<0.05). The expression of TPH-1, 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R protein in hypothalamus increased ( P<0.05), and the expression of SERT protein in the high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The mRNA levels of TPH-1 (4.778 ± 0.604, 3.278 ± 0.668, 1.670 ± 0.361 vs. 6.877 ± 0.148), 5-HT3R (3.807 ± 0.463, 2.697 ± 0.455, 1.132 ± 0.136 vs. 6.322 ± 0.778), 5-HT4R (4.521 ± 0.234, 2.801 ± 0.351, 1.331 ± 0.142 vs. 6.741 ± 0.293) in colon tissue of low, medium and high dose groups of Wumen-Yiji San decreased ( P<0.05). The level of 5-HT4R mRNA (0.616 ± 0.208, 0.726 ± 0.226 vs. 0.521 ± 0.062) increased ( P<0.05), and the level of SERT mRNA (1.563 ± 1.023 vs. 2.612 ± 1.035) in medium, high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The result showed that Wumen-Yiji San could regulate the expression of 5-HT signaling system relating proteins and mRNA in the colon and hypothalamus of IBS-D rats within a certain dose range, so as to improve the symptoms of IBS-D.

Conventional periodontal regenerative surgery has limited effect on tooth with severe periodontitis-related alveolar bone defects. This article reported a case of regenerative treatment in severe distal-bone defect of mandibular first molar. The treatment involved applying 3D printing, advanced/injectable platelet-rich fibrin, and guided tissue-regeneration technology. After the operation, the periodontal clinical index significantly improved and the alveolar bone was well reconstructed.
Humans ; Platelet-Rich Fibrin ; Follow-Up Studies ; Digital Technology ; Furcation Defects/drug therapy* ; Periodontitis ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal

Heart sound analysis is significant for early diagnosis of congenital heart disease. A novel method of heart sound classification was proposed in this paper, in which the traditional mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) method was improved by using the Fisher discriminant half raised-sine function (F-HRSF) and an integrated decision network was used as classifier. It does not rely on segmentation of the cardiac cycle. Firstly, the heart sound signals were framed and windowed. Then, the features of heart sounds were extracted by using improved MFCC, in which the F-HRSF was used to weight sub-band components of MFCC according to the Fisher discriminant ratio of each sub-band component and the raised half sine function. Three classification networks, convolutional neural network (CNN), long and short-term memory network (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU) were combined as integrated decision network. Finally, the two-category classification results were obtained through the majority voting algorithm. An accuracy of 92.15%, sensitivity of 91.43%, specificity of 92.83%, corrected accuracy of 92.01%, and F score of 92.13% were achieved using the novel signal processing techniques. It shows that the algorithm has great potential in early diagnosis of congenital heart disease.
Humans ; Heart Sounds ; Algorithms ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

BACKGROUNDEndostar™ (rh-endostatin, YH-16) is a new recombinant human endostatin developed by Medgenn Bioengineering Co. Ltd., Yantai, Shandong, P.R.China. Pre-clinical study indicated that YH-16 could inhibit tumor endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis and tumor growth. Phase I and phase II studies revealed that YH-16 was effective as single agent with good tolerance in clinical use.The current study was to compare the response rate , median ti me to progression (TTP) ,clinical benefit andsafety in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) , who were treated with YH-16 plus vi-norelbine and cisplatin (NP) or placebo plus NP.

METHODSFour hundred and ninety-three histologically or cy-tologically confirmed stage IIIB and IV NSCLC patients , withlife expectancy > 3 months and ECOG perform-ance status 0-2 , were enrolledin a randomized ,double-blind ,placebo-controlled , multicenter trial ,either trialgroup : NP plus YH-16 (vinorelbine 25 mg/m² on day 1 and day 5 ,cisplatin 30mg/m² on days 2 to 4 , YH-167.5mg/m² on days 1 to 14) or control group : NP plus placebo (vinorelbine 25 mg/m² on day 1 and day 5 ,cis-platin 30 mg/m² on days 2 to 4 ,0.9% sodium-chloride 3 .75 ml on days 1 to 14) every 3 weeks for 2-6 cycles .The trial endpoints included response rate ,clinical benefit rate ,time to progression,quality of life and safety .

RESULTSOf 486 assessable patients , overall response rate was 35.4% in trial group and 19.5% in controlgroup (P=0 .0003) . The median TTP was 6 .3 months and 3 .6 months for trial group and control group respectively (P < 0 .001) . The clinical benefit rate was 73 .3 %in trial group and 64.0% in control group (P=0 .035) .In untreated patients of trial group and control group ,the response rate was 40 .0% and 23.9%(P=0 .003) ,the clinical benefit rate was 76 .5 % and 65 .0 % (P=0 .023) ,the median TTP was 6 .6 and 3 .7months (P=0 .0000) ,respectively .In pretreated patients of trial group and control group ,the response ratewas 23.9% and 8.5%(P=0 .034) ,the clinical benefit rate was 65.2% and 61.7%(P=0 .68) ,the median TTP was 5 .7 and 3 .2 months (P=0 .0002) ,respectively . The relief rate of clinical symptoms in trial groupwas higher than that of those in control group ,but no significance existed (P > 0 .05) . The score of quality oflife in trial group was significantly higher than that in control group (P=0 .0155) after treatment . There were no significant differences in incidence of hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity , moderate and severe sideeffects betweentrial group and control group .

CONCLUSIONSThe addition of YH-16 to NP regimen results in significantly and clinically meaningful improvement in response rate , median time to tumor progression,and clinical benefit rate compared with NP alone in advanced NSCLC patients . YH-16 in combination with chemotherapy shows a synergic activity and a favorable toxic profile in advanced cancer patients .

Objective : To explore the microbial contamination status of household washing machines and evaluate the improvement effect of professional washing machine cleaning on microbial contamination. Results : After washing , the total number of fungi in the washing machine ranged from 0 to 49. 22 CFU/cm2 . The fungal clearance rates of the outer wall of the inner cylinder, filter screen , sealring , washing water and detergent drawer box were 99. 36% , 99. 74% , 99. 76% , 99. 51% and 99. 64% , respecing , the number of coliform bacteria was close to 0. Before washing , the average detection rate of Salmonella in the washing machine was 5. 33% , the average detection rate of Shigella was 2. 67% , and no Candida albicans was detected. After washing, Salmonella , Shigella and Candida albicans were not detected. After washing , the total number of fungi in the washing machine ranged from 0 to 49. 22 CFU/cm2 . The fungal clearance rates of the outer wall of the inner cylinder, filter screen , sealring , washing water and detergent drawer box were 99. 36% , 99. 74% , 99. 76% , 99. 51% and 99. 64% , respecing , the number of coliform bacteria was close to 0. Before washing , the average detection rate of Salmonella in the washing machine was 5. 33% , the average detection rate of Shigella was 2. 67% , and no Candida albicans was detected. After washing, Salmonella , Shigella and Candida albicans were not detected. Conclusion There are a large number of bacteria and fungi in the household washing machine before cleaning , and there are Salmonella and Shigella contamination. After professional cleaning , the hygiene condition of the washing machine is significantly improved.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of local delivery of delta12-prostaglandinJ2-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (Δ(12)-PGJ2-NC) on growth factors expression and bone formation.

METHODSΔ(12)-PGJ2-NC was prepared by the emulsion solvent diffusion method. The physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles were evaluated by particle size analysis, transmission electron microscopy, drug-loading ratio and the in vitro release study. Then standardized transcortical defect (5.0 mm × 1.5 mm) was conducted in the femur of 48 male Wistar rats which were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12), S, K, F, and N. Thirty microliter of saline (S), unloaded nanoparticles (K), Δ(12)-PGJ2 (F) and Δ(12)-PGJ2-NC(N) in a collagen vehicle were delivered inside a titanium chamber fixed over the defect. Then, four subgroups were randomly divided in each group named as D3, D7, D14, and D28 (n = 3) according to the days 3, 7, 14, and 28 after the surgery. At days 3, 7, 14, and 28, the mRNA expression of the bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6), platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) in defect aera was analyzed by real time quantitive-polymerase blotting. HE staining was employed to reveal new bone formation in weeks 2 and 4.

RESULTSΔ(12)-PGJ2-NC appeared opalescent white and remained relatively stable, with an average particle size of (135.2 ± 0.85) nm. The images from transmission electron microscopy showed that Δ(12)-PGJ2-NC was spherical in shape and homogeneously distributed. The encapsulation efficiency of Δ(12)-PGJ2 with the poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanocapsules was about 92%. The in vitro release of Δ(12)-PGJ2-NC at 37 °C showed a sustained fashion and the average accumulated amount was 30%, 52%, 77%, 91%, and 98% respectively, at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h. Compared with the animals treated with saline, after dose of 100 mg/L Δ(12)-PGJ2 and Δ(12)-PGJ2-NC apllication, the mRNA expression level of BMP-6, PDGF-B increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.001). The protein expression of BMP-6, Ephrin-B2 also was up-regulated. Histomorphometry revealed that new bone formation increased at the same dose of 100 mg/L. But the unloaded nanoparticles did not have the same effect (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSA stable Δ(12)-PGJ2 loaded nanoparticle was successfully prepared. Δ(12)-PGJ2-NC may upregulate the expression of BMP-6, PDGF-B and Ephrin-B2, and promote new bone formation in bone defect area.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bone Regeneration ; drug effects ; Ephrin-B2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Femur ; drug effects ; surgery ; Lactic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nanocapsules ; administration & dosage ; Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Prostaglandin D2 ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Time Factors ; Up-Regulation

Magnesium-doped calcium silicate (CS) bioceramic scaffolds have unique advantages in mandibular defect repair; however, they lack antibacterial properties to cope with the complex oral microbiome. Herein, for the first time, the CS scaffold was functionally modified with a novel copper-containing polydopamine (PDA(Cu^2+‍)) rapid deposition method, to construct internally modified (*P), externally modified (@PDA), and dually modified (*P@PDA) scaffolds. The morphology, degradation behavior, and mechanical properties of the obtained scaffolds were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that the CS*P@PDA had a unique micro-/nano-structural surface and appreciable mechanical resistance. During the prolonged immersion stage, the release of copper ions from the CS*P@PDA scaffolds was rapid in the early stage and exhibited long-term sustained release. The in vitro evaluation revealed that the release behavior of copper ions ascribed an excellent antibacterial effect to the CS*P@PDA, while the scaffolds retained good cytocompatibility with improved osteogenesis and angiogenesis effects. Finally, the PDA(Cu²⁺)-modified scaffolds showed effective early bone regeneration in a critical-size rabbit mandibular defect model. Overall, it was indicated that considerable antibacterial property along with the enhancement of alveolar bone regeneration can be imparted to the scaffold by the two-step PDA(Cu²⁺) modification, and the convenience and wide applicability of this technique make it a promising strategy to avoid bacterial infections on implants.
Animals ; Rabbits ; Copper/pharmacology* ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry* ; Bone Regeneration ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Osteogenesis ; Calcium ; Ions/pharmacology*

OBJECTIVETo explore the safety and efficacy of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in preventing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients with breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to provide the basis for clinical application.

METHODSAccording to the principle of open-label, randomized, parallel-group controlled clinical trial, all patients were randomized by 1∶1∶1 into three groups to receive PEG-rhG-CSF 100 μg/kg, PEG-rhG-CSF 6 mg, or rhG-CSF 5 μg/kg, respectively. The patients with breast cancer received two chemotherapy cycles, and the NSCLC patients received 1-2 cycles of chemotherapy according to their condition. All patients were treated with the combination chemotherapy of TAC (docetaxel+ epirubicin+ cyclophosphamide) or TA (docetaxel+ epirubicin), or the chemotherapy of docetaxel combined with carboplatin, with a 21 day cycle.

RESULTSThe duration of grade 3-4 neutropenia in the PEG-rhG-CSF 100 μg/kg and PEG-rhG-CSF 6 mg groups were similar with that in the rhG-CSF 5 μg/kg group (P>0.05 for all). The incidence rate of grade 3-4 neutropenia in the PEG-rhG-CSF 100 μg/kg group, PEG-rhG-CSF 6 mg group, and G-CSF 5 μg/kg group were 69.7%, 68.4%, and 69.5%, respectively, with a non-significant difference among the three groups (P=0.963). The incidence rate of febrile neutropenia in the PEG-rhG-CSF 100 μg/kg group, PEG-rhG-CSF 6 mg group and G-CSF 5 μg/kg group were 6.1%, 6.4%, and 5.5%, respectively, showing no significant difference among them (P=0.935). The incidence rate of adverse events in the PEG-rhG-CSF 100 μg/kg group, PEG-rhG-CSF 6 mg group and G-CSF 5 μg / kg group were 6.7%, 4.1%, and 5.5%, respectively, showing a non-significant difference among them (P=0.581).

CONCLUSIONSIn patients with breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing TAC/TA chemotherapy, a single 100 μg/kg injection or a single fixed 6 mg dose of PEG-rhG-CSF at 48 hours after chemotherapy show definite therapeutic effect with a low incidence of adverse events and mild adverse reactions. Compared with the continuous daily injection of rhG-CSF 5 μg/kg/d, a single 100 μg/kg injection or a single fixed 6 mg dose of PEG-rhG-CSF has similar effect and is more advantageous in preventing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Carboplatin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Epirubicin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Incidence ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Neutropenia ; chemically induced ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects