C. Conclusion The optimal SINI TANG composition comprises three active components combined at clinical maximal dosage showed the best therapeutic efficacy, of which A is a key factor and B, C are necessary factors for the composition in SINI TANG.

AIM: To study dose-effect and time-effect changes of endothelin (ET) in myocardium and plasma during myocardial ischemia and its mechanism. METHODS:After inducing myocardial ischemia of rats in vivo with different dose of pituitrin(Pit) and the optimal dosage in the Pit at different time point, ET concentration in the myocardium and plasma was measured.Moreover, immunohistochemical study and RT-PCR were also applied in this study. RESULTS:ET concentration in myocardium increased gradually with the increase of Pit dose. ET concentration elevated significantly ( P

Obejctive To compare the differences between conventional radiation therapy (3DCRT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy( IMRT) for locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma patients by ECLIPSE treat -ment planning system.Methods Six locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma patients ′treatment plans were de-signed as IMRT and 3DCRT according to ECLIPSE treatment planning system ,respectively.The following values were measured,such as V95%、D5%、D95%、Dmin and D mean of the target volume,and the D50,D33,D5, Dmax and Dmean of normal tissues.Results The dose coverage rate of GTV and GTVnd in the IMRT plan was compared to ECLIPSE treatment planning system with no statistical differences.However, there were obvious difference in CTV and some normal tissues.Conclusion Both IMRT and 3DCRT have good coverage to primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes.IMRT can spare the parotid from high dose irradiation.

AIM: To study the effects of Sini Decoction's effective component(SNDE) on myocardial apoptosis and ceramide content during myocardial ischemla/reperfusion. METHODS: The mice of Kunming species were randomly divided into 3 groups: control,myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and SNDE.After inducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury of mice in vivo with pituitrin(Pit),myocardial SOD activity and MDA content were measured.DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorescent stain of DAPI were done to check up apoptosis.The content of myocardial ceramide(?g/kg) was measured through HPTLC and scan of thin plate. RESULTS: The myocardium of model group has the phenomenon of DNA ladder.The apoptosis index and the ceramide content in model group were higher than those of control group(P

Objective To study the anti-myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury effect of Sini Decoction's active fraction(SNDAF).Methods Experimental animals were randomly individed into normal,model,Sini Decoction(SND),and SNDAF groups.Rat hearts were perfused by the Langendorff method.The model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was reproduced by adjusting the flow of perfused liquid.The perfused liquid of normal and model groups was KH buffer saturated by oxygen.The perfused liquid with SND or SNDAF was mixed with KH buffer.The coronary flow and contract power of myocardium at 0 min of ischemia and 1,5,10,20,30,40,and 50 min of reperfusion were tested,respectively.The incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias(IRA) in the first 1 minute of reperfusion was calculated.Mice were given drugs by ig for 3 d and then myocardial ischemia-reperfusion models were established by ip pituitrin(20 U/kg).ECG of mice was recorded at 0—80 min after ip administration. SOD activity,and the contents of MDA and LA in myocardium of mice were measured.Results Both SND and SNDAF could reinforce myocardial contract and reduce the IRA in the first minute of reperfusion.SND had better effect on IRA than that of SNDAF.SNDAF had better effect on myocardial contract than that of SND.SND and SNDAF could significantly drop ECG J point raise induced by ischemia,and increase SOD activity,and decrease contents of MDA and LA significantly in ischemia myocardium.There were no significant difference between SND and SNDAF.Conclusion SNDAF could improve oxidative injury and suppress(ischemia) of myocardium,reinforce myocardial contract,and reduce the incidence of arrhythmias during(myocardia) ischemia-reperfusion.

AIM: To study the change of myocardial ceramide during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and the relationship between ceramide and apoptosis and oxidative stress. METHODS: After inducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice with pituitrin (Pit), myocardial SOD activity and MDA content were measured. DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorescent staining of DAPI were done to check up apoptosis. The content of myocardial ceramide (?g/kg) was measured through HPTLC and scan of thin plate. RESULTS: The myocardium of I/R model group had the phenomenon of DNA ladder. Apoptosis index and ceramide content in I/R model group were higher than those in normal control group (P

AIM:To establish a microthrombus model by carrageenan (Ca)/ lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneal injection in rats with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and endothelial dysfunction induced by L-methionine intake. METHODS: ① Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control and endothelial dysfunction (HHcy) groups. L-methionine was administered by gavage in HHcy group for total 4 weeks. Purified water was administered by gavage in control rats. Plasma Hcy, NO and vWF were examined and the thoracic aorta were excised after 4 weeks of L-methionine treatment to evaluate endothelial function. ② Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups to establish a microthrombus formation model with Ca/ LPS: control, microthrombus formation (Ca/LPS) and endothelial dysfunction plus mitoarothrombus formation (HHcy+Ca/LPS) groups. Control rats were injected with normal saline (NS). Ca/LPS rats were intraperitoneally injected with carrageenan (Ca) and followed by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 16 h later. HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were intragastric gavaged by L-methionine for total 4 weeks, and then were injected with Ca/LPS in the same way as Ca/LPS group. Cruor parameters and platelet count were detected at 20 h after LPS or NS injection and the mesentery microcirculation was monitored. Plasma NO and vWF were also detected at 24 h after LPS or NS injection. RESULTS: ① Plasma Hcy concentrations and vWF level were significantly increased in HHcy group, while plasma NO content was significantly decreased compared with that in control group. Endothelial dependent relaxation (EDR) of aortic rings was significantly decreased in HHcy group, suggesting endothelial damage/dysfunction was induced by HHcy. ② Mesentery capillary was obviously blocked by microthrombus in Ca/LPS rats and was blocked more seriously in HHcy+Ca/LPS rats. Cruor parameter results suggested that Ca/LPS rats were in hypercoagulable phase and HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were in hypocoagulable phase at 20 h after LPS injection. Platelet count and plasma NO content in HHcy+Ca/LPS group were significantly decreased, while plasma vWF level was significantly increased compared with Ca/LPS group. CONCLUSION: L-methionine intake induces severe HHcy and causes endothelial dysfunction in rats. Microcirculation dysfunction and microthrombosis can be caused by Ca/LPS intraperitoneal injection and may be aggravated by endothelial dysfunction.

Breathing gas carries important physiological information. Technology for detection of breathing gas has become a research focus because of the advantages of nondestructive sampling and convenient operation. Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) plays an irreplaceable role because of the advantages of high sensitivity, fast response and good specificity. In this paper, the principle of PTR-MS is introduced first, followed by research progress of PTR-MS in the field of breathing gas detection. Factors influencing the test results are analyzed. Finally, future prospects of development for PTR-MS in the field of breathing gas detection are discussed.
Gases ; isolation & purification ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Protons

AIM: To observe the effects of Sini decoction on atherosclerosis(AS) and ceramide content of aorta in rabbits. METHODS: 28 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Control group was fed with a normal diet; High cholesterol group was fed 1% cholesterol and 5% fat diet; Sini decotion+ high cholesterol group was fed 1% cholesterol and 5% fat diet plus Sini decotion (4.2 g?kg -1 ?d -1 ). At the end of study, the plaque area were measured, the atorta ceramide and cell apoptosis were also detected. RESULTS: Sini decotion diminished lipid plaque area on the aortic endothelium, reduced the levels of aorta ceramide and the apoptosis index. CONCLUSION: Sini decoction has an inhibitory effect on AS, the mechanism may be that Sini decotion reduces concentration of ceramide in aorta.

OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) in adriamycin (ADR)-induced heart failure (HF) and the mechanism of ghrelin peptide.

METHODWistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, HF group and EGB group. ADR was injected in the rats of HF group and EGB group by caudal vein. After the last injection, the rats in EGB group were given intra-gastric administration of EGB solution (100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). Three weeks later, cardiac function was detected; Ghrelin levels in plasma and myocardium were measured by radio-immunology assay (RIA); High energy phosphates (HEP) contents in myocardium were measured by HPLC; Myocardial gene expression of ghrelin was measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTCompared with control group, HF group had obviously decreased index of cardiac function, and these indexes such as +/- dp/dt max in EGB group were higher than those in ADR group. Plasma ghrelin level in HF group was higher than that in control group while myocardial ghrelin level was significantly lower than that in control group. Myocardial ATP content and gene expression of ghrelin mRNA in HF group were significantly lower than those in control group; Plasma ghrelin level in EGB group was significantly increased. Myocardial ATP content and gene expression of ghrelin mRNA in EGB group were significantly higher than those in HF group, and were closed to those of control group.

CONCLUSIONMyocardial energy dysfunction is an important reason of ADR-induced HF. EGB therapy can improve cardiac function and energy metabolism in HF rats, partly because it might increase the expression and production of ghrelin, which can promote positive energy metabolism.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Doxorubicin ; adverse effects ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Ghrelin ; metabolism ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar