Objective To explore the correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and characteristics of coronary artery le‐sions ,the degree of stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) .Methods Totally 156 patients who under went coro‐nary angiography(CAG) in our hospital were divided into CAD group(n=98) and non‐CAD group(n=58) which the patients with coronary stenosis <50% according to the result of CAG .Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed ,including gender ,age , body mass index(BMI) ,family history ,smoking status ,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) ,blood lipid ,blood pressure and blood sugar levels ,the correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery lesions was analyzed .Results There was significant difference of gender ,systolic blood pressure (SBP) ,total cholesterol (TCH) ,three acyl glycerin (TG) ,low density lipo‐protein cholesterol (LDL‐C) ,fasting blood glucose (FBG) ,smoking between the two groups(P<0 .05) ,but no significant differ‐ence was found at the level of ages ,BMI ,high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) ,diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ,family his‐tory ,serum creatinine (Cr) ,LVEF between the two groups(P>0 .05) .The number of coronary artery lesion branch were increased with these risk factors incresed ,such as smoking ,SBP ,LDL‐C ,FBG ,no significant difference with age ,male ,TCH ,TG .The degree of stenosis were increased with SBP ,FBG ,no significant difference with age ,male ,smoking ,TCH ,TG and LDL‐C .Conclusion The smoking ,males ,FBP and SBP are the prominent risk factors of CAD in Qinghai area ,prosmote the occurrence and development of CAD together .

Objective To observe the results of function MRI and perimetry in patients with visual pathway diseases. Methods Three patients (6 eyes) with pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma diagnosed via pathological examination and three healthy volunteers aged from 24 to 30 were collected. The best corrected visual acuity was non-light perception-1. 0 in the 6 sick eyes and 1. 0 in the healthy eyes;all the involved individuals had no other ocular diseases except myopia and without any contraindications of MRI. Common tests including the best visual acuity, fundus test by direct or indirect ophthalmoscope, center static visual field tested by Octopus 101 perimeter, program 32, tendency oriented perimetry were performed. The visual stimulation subtended a field of view of about 12 degrees,consisted of high contrast and drifting checkerboards. MRI parameters: GE signa VH/i 3. 0T scanner. Functional data: GRE-EPI sequence, 20 slices lying perpendicular to the calcarine sulcus. Anatomical data was obtained using 3DSPGR sequence to acquire high resolution. The cortical surface was unfolded and then cut and inflated. Functional data was presented to the inflated surface and subsequently analyzed by AFNI software. Results In six eyes, three had temporal defects, two had upper temporal visual field defects, and the other one did not finish the visual field test. The retinotopic representations of health adults were obtained by using the phase-encoded visual stimulation. The Eccentricity coordinate maps showed that foveal representations lay in the occipital poles and the representations appeared further anterior as eccentricity increased. The polar angle coordinate maps showed that early retinotopically organized areas had a representation of visual field. The visual cortex beneath the calcarine sulcus matched with the upper visual field of the opposite side and which upon the calcarine sulcus matched with the under visual field of the opposite side. Less or no visual cortex response was revealed in the patients' function MRI or the response in injury side was vanished. The visual cortex response related with the visual field defects could not be induced in function MRI. Conclusion There is a good correlation between function MRI data and the results of perimetric evaluation. The function MRI can show the visual cortex response correlated with the visual field defects of the patients with visual pathway diseases.

Purpose:To investigate the values of three newer contrast enhanced MRI sequences including gadolinium-enhanced FLAIR MRI(CE FLAIR), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE MRI) and perfusion- weighted MRI(PWI) by comparing their advantages and disadvantages respectively in the diagnosis of intracranial tumors. Methods:43 patients with intracranial tumors underwent DCE MRI, CE FLAIR and PWI respectively. The gadolinium-enhanced FLAIR, dynamic enhanced MR and perfusion-weighted MR images were evaluated independently by two radiologists for the number of examinations with one or more enhancing lesions, the number and location of enhancing lesions per examination, the detectability for different lesions in different locations, size and extent of the lesions. Results:Perfusion-weighted MR images showed poor quality and could not give a diagnosis in 5 of 43 cases because of heavy susceptibility artifacts. There were 47 lesions in the 38 cases. However, 41 lesions were found on CE FLAIR MR images and 42 on DCE MRI and 45 on PWI. 3 lesions(2 located in the subcortical area and 1 in paraventricle) were only revealed on the CE FLAIR images. 4 lesions in the basal ganglia area were only found on dynamic enhanced images. 7 lesions in the cerebral hemisphere were only found on perfusion-weighted images. So there were significant differences in revealing lesions of different locations with the three MR modalities(P

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)106a on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells in vitro.Methods 8505C and CGTH-W3 cell lines were used in the study.Overexpression and inhibition of miR106a were achieved by transfection of lentiviral vectors.The changes of gene expression were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively.The caspase-9 activities in parental CGTH-W3 and 8505C cells and transfected sublines were measured.Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were performed to determine cell migration and invasion.Two-sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.Results The level of miR106a in 8505C was up-regulated when compared to that in CGTH-W3 cells (t=10.28, P<0.01).Scrambled control and miR106a(-) were also successfully transfected into cells.Inhibition of miR106a suppressed cell viability, migration and invasion while promoted apoptosis and caspase-9 activity of 8505C cells, with significant differences among 8505C, 8505C-control, 8505C-miR106a(-) cells (F=147.0, 19.2, 100.3, 537.8, 804.3;all P<0.01).Overexpression of miR106a promoted cell viability, migration and invasion while inhibited apoptosis and caspase-9 activity of CGTH-W3 cells, with significant differences among CGTH-W3, CGTH-W3-control, CGTH-W3-miR106a(+) cells(F=9.2, 13.3, 622.8, 12.3, 19.6, all P<0.01).In addition, miR106a may up-regulate the expression of MEKK2 and p-ERK1/2.Conclusion Acting as an onco-miR, miR106a might promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells and inhibit their apoptosis in vitro.

DTC is the most common endocrine carcinoma and its routine treatment consists of total thyroidectomy and 131I thyroid remnant ablation.Currently,standard follow-up for DTC comprises Tg measurement and neck ultrasound as well as an additional radioiodine scan when indicated.As thyroid cells are assumed to be the only source of Tg in serum,circulating Tg serves as an excellent marker of persistent or recurrent disease in DTC follow-up.With the development of highly sensitive Tg assays,now it is possible to detect very low Tg concentrations which reflect minimal amounts of thyroid tissue without the need for TSH stimulation.This review is to introduce clinical implications of highly sensitive Tg assays.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the pharmacoeconomic efficacies of 5 drug therapeutic regimens for children pneumonia.METHODS:Using retrospective study and cost-effectiveness analysis to compare the pharmacoeconomic efficacies among the following 5 regimens in treating children pneumonia:amoxicillin sodium/clavulanate potassium(Group A),cefotaxime sodium(Group B),cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium(Group C),cefuroxime sodium(Group D),and azithromycin(Group E).RESULTS:The effective rates of the 5 groups(A,B,C,D and E) were 80.43%,76.09%,65.12%,77.27%,and 91.30%,respectively,and the cost-effectiveness ratios were 1 595.06,1 225.38,1 669.69,1 284.83,and 697.84,respectively.CONCLU-SION:The regimen of azithromycin(group E) is the optimal one among the 5 groups for children pnemonia.

Objective To evaluate the characteristic appearance and diagnosis value of central neurocytoma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods MRI data of 9 patients with central neurocytoma confirmed surgically and pathologically were retrospectively reviewed.Results All the lesions located in the lateral ventricle septum pellucidum,adjacent to Monro hole,in the anterior 1/3 to 2/3 of the lateral ventricle.Most of them were irregularity,sublobe and sharpness of border.They presented as inhomogeneous intense signal on MRI,with slight to equal enhancement on enhancement.DWI could be high or slightly high signal.Conclusion Central neurocytoma has the characteristic appearances on MRI,being helpful to the diagnosis.

0.05). Four lesions were only revealed on CE FLAIR whereas 7 lesions were only found on postcontrast T_1WI. Enhancing lesions located in cerebral hemisphere or the forth ventricle was revealed much more on T_1WI than that on CE FLAIR. However, postcontrast fast FLAIR images may be useful in detecting superficial abnormalities and those located in sulcus or lateral ventricle. The enhancement degree of enhanced T_1WI was much more intense than that of CE FLAIR(P0.05) and statistical significance in GWC, CNR and CER(P

Objective To investigate the most sensitive methods for diagnosing spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection (sICAD) and spontaneous vertebral artery dissection (sVAD) respectively,for the sake of earlier and more accurate diagnosis.Methods Consecutive patients with sICAD and sVAD who visited the Department of Neurology and Radiology,Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University during 2008-2013 were retrospectively reviewed and the sensitivity of CT angiography (CTA),magnetic resonance T1-weighted fat-suppressed images (MR T1-FS) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for the diagnosis of sICAD and sVAD was compared.Results Eighty patients (62 male,18 female; mean age (45.7 ± 11.9) years) were included in the study.There were 99 arterial dissections in total,45 cases of sICAD,52 cases of sVAD and 2 cases of spontaneous middle cerebral artery dissections.The sensitivity of CTA,DSA and MR T1-FS for diagnosing sICAD was 97.5％ (39/40),90.0％ (36/40) and 69.6％ (16/23) respectively,while for sVAD was 89.8％ (44/49),84.6％ (44/52) and 100.0％ (27/27) respectively.Conclusions sICAD and sVAD have significant differences in many aspects including diagnostic strategies.CTA and MR T1-FS seem to be the most sensitive methods for the diagnosis of sICAD and sVAD respectively.Although DSA has been considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of artery dissection,this imaging technique does not allow analysis of artery wall thickness,thus also has limitations.It is likely that the diagnostic sensitivity will be improved by combining CTA and MR T1-FS.

ObjectiveTo study the MR Imaging features of breast phyllodes tumor (PT),and to correlate it with pathological results.MethodClinical and MRI findings were retrospectively reviewed in twenty-seven women with 28 PTs lesions confirmed by surgical pathology.Statistical analyses were one-way ANOVA for size analysis,Fisher exact test for analysis of MR appearances and Spearman correlation to study the relationship between MRI findings and BI-RADS categories.Results( 1 ) The histologic findings were benign,borderline and malignant PTs in 14.3％ (4/28),53.6％ (15/28) and 32.1％ (9/28) of lesions,respectively.(2) The mean maximum-diameter were (6.4 ± 3.9) cm,(5.7 ± 2.2) cm in borderline type and (4.8 ± 1.8)cm in benign type respectively.The results showed differences in lesion's size among the three type (F = 287.541,P =0.000),especially between malignant and benign type (P = 0.033 ).(3)Internal non-enhanced septations and silt-like changes on enhanced images,as well as time-signal curve on MRI correlated significantly with the histological grade ( P ＜ 0.05 ).( 4 ) If the category BI-RADS ≥ 4a was considered to be a suspicious sign for malignant lesion,the diagnostic accuracy of MRI would be 96.4％ (27/28),and the BI-RADS category of the MRI could reflect the PT's histological grade with a low correlation coefficient ( r = 0.382,P = 0.045 ).Conclusion The findings of PT on MRI have some characteristics,with tumor size and several MRI features correlating with the histological grade of breast PT.