Background and purpose:Parotid gland is rich in fat and has obvious contrast with bone and muscle in CT image.The preoperative examination of CT could help to evaluate the scale of tumor invasion and the relationship between tumor and normal tissues so that the proper therapy could be properly designed.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of computer tomography(CT)in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant parotid tumors and to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods:CT images of 17 patients with benign parotid tumors and 15 patients with malignant parotid tumors proved by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent CT contrast-enhanced examination preoperatively.Images of all patients were retrospectively reviewed by two experienced radiologists in the diagnosis of head and neck tumors.Results:14 of 17 cases of benign tumors had round shapes and 9 of 15 cases of malignant tumors exhibited lobular or irregular masses(P

Objective To define the CT imaging characteristic of menetrier disease. Methods Four patients with proved Menetrier disease were retrospectively studied by means of CT performed with the water as oral contrast, hypotonic agent and dynamic or spiral CT technique. Results All cases showed that the enlarged rugae were seen projecting into the gastric lumen, but the gastric wall was otherwise normal. CT detected all lesions and made a confirmed diagnosis before pathology biopsy. Conclusion Our primary result revealed that the CT appearance of Menetrier disease was quite characteristic, CT is a very valuable tool for the diagnosis of Menetrier disease.

Objective To investigate the value of CT in the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma.Methods Fifteen surgical operations of dedifferentiated liposarcoma in 11 patients, confirmed by pathology, underwent plain (n=15) and contrast enhanced (n=12) CT scans. Two of the 12 lesions underwent dynamic multi-phase contrast scans. The CT features and the corresponding pathological basis were analyzed.Results The lesions were divided into 3 groups according to the fatty component and its distribution. The CT appearances were as follows: (1)a well delineated fatty component in the lesion and a closely apposed non-fatty region in 10 cases including 5 initial (5/5, 100%) and 5 recurrent (5/10, 50%), which depicted an abrupt transition from the well-differentiated area to the high-grade sarcoma component under microscope; (2)fatty component within the lesion was less than 10% in 3 recurrent (3/10, 30%); (3)fatty masses and non-fatty masses separately distributed in 2 recurrent cases (2/10, 20%). Contrast enhanced CT scan showed moderate to marked inhomogeneous enhancement in the early phase in all 12 lesions, and delay enhancement was also observed.Conclusion Dedifferentiated liposarcoma exhibited specific appearances as well delineated fatty component and closely apposed non-fatty region with apparent enhancement. Dynamic contrast CT scans play important roles in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma, and help pre-surgical grading and pathological sampling.

Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) enables non-invasive imaging characterization of tissue vascularity with small molecular weight gadolinium chelates. Depending on this technique, tissue blood perfusion, microvessel permeability and extracellular leakage space can be obtained. The basic principles of two dynamic MRI techniques (T2*W and T1W DCE-MRI) and their applications in prostate cancer of DCE-MRI including diagnosis, differential diagnosis, formulation of treatment plan, evaluation of therapeutic reaction, detection of lesion recurrent were reviewed in this article.

Computed tomography colonography (CTC) is a well-established technique for evaluation of colorectal cancer (CRC). Signiifcant advances have been made in the technique of CTC since its inception. Besides being an excellent tool for detection of CRC, it is minimally invasive, less time-consuming and well tolerated by patients. Furthermore, it has fewer complications than conventional colonoscopy (CC) or barium enema (BE). The application of new technologies, such as electronic cleansing (EC) and dual-energy CT (DECT), enriches the examination of CTC. In 2005, a standardized reporting scheme, CT colonography reporting and data system (C-RADS), was put forward by the working group on virtual colonoscopy. They proposed that the report should include lesion size, number, morphology, location, attenuation and recommendations for lesion surveillance. New research progress and clinical applications of CTC in CRC are reviewed in this article. In addition, the paper also brielfy touches upon technique, indications, contraindications, safety and risk of CTC.

Objective　To optimize the oral contrast media in three-dimensional display of gastric lesions. Methods　41 cases were randomly divided into 3 groups according to different oral contrast media administered: No. 1 air contrast group (n=17), No. 2 fat emulsion group (n=7) and No. 3 positive contrast group (n=25). The 3D CT images were reconstructed using MPR, SSD, RaySum display and virtual endoscopic techniques, and compared with gastric endoscopy and/or conventional barium study.Results　The detectability of gastric lesions using fat emulsion and air contrast was 42.8%(3/7) and 80.0%(20/25), respectively, both were significantly lower than that using positive contrast (100%, 30/30) (χ2=19.22,P＜0.01;χ2=6.60, P＜0.05). The capability of showing the details of stomach lesions was significantly affected by the oral contrast media administered（χ2=17.04，P＜0.01）. Conclusion　It is very important to choose the appropriate oral contrast media for 3D display of gastric lesions in spiral CT, the positive contrast agent is the optimal choice.

With the development of the population aging and the shifting of medical paradigm,as well as the deeply expansion of community health services,the importance of general medicine has become more and more evident.This paper describes the development history of general medicine and general medical education at home and abroad,analyzes the main problems of general medical education in China.By studying the characteristics of different models,we provided the basis of literature for the related policies.

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of Duhuo jisheng decoction combined with glucosamine gulfate for genual osteoarthritis. METHODS:Totally 86 patients with genual osteoarthritis selected from our hospital during Dec. 2015-Apr. 2016 were divided into trial group and control group according to random number table,with 43 cases in each group. Control group was given Glucosamine sulfate tablets 1-2 tablet,po (at mealtime),tid. Trial group was additionally given Duhuo jisheng decoction,one dose a day,decocting 200 mL with water,morning and evening at twice,on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for 28 d. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed as well as the levels of hs-CRP,TNF-α, IL-6,MMP-3,MMP-9 and MMP-13. The occurrence of ADR was recorded during treatment. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in hs-CRP,TNF-α,IL-6,MMP-3,MMP-9 and MMP-13 between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treat-ment,total response rate of trial group(95.3%)was significantly higher than that of control group(76.7%),with statistical signif-icance (P<0.05). The level of hs-CRP in trial group was significantly lowered,and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6,MMP-3,MMP-9,MMP-13 in 2 groups were decreased significantly;above indexes of trial group were significantly lower than those of con-trol group,with statistcal significance(P<0.05). The incidence of ADR in trial group(7.0%)was significantly lower than control group (46.5%),with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Duhuo jisheng decoction combined with glucosamine gulfate shows good therapeutic efficacy for genual osteoarthritis with good safety.

5 mm) in 4 cases, and polypoid mass in 3.[WT5”HZ] Conclusion[WT5”BZ] CT is a new non invasive technique, evaluable in the diagnosis of chololedochal cyst complicated with carcinoma. [WT5”HZ]

Purpose:To study the feasibility of 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) in the chemical induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) model by a new 1.5T MR set and endeavor to have an initial understanding of the characteristics of its cancer development. Methods:Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced rat HCC models(n=30) were established. At different intervals rats were randomly scanned before being killed on the following day. Their livers were dissected for histopathologic study. Results:Three rats died unexpectedly. 27 rats (90%) developed liver lesions and were investigated according to the plan. T 1 WI is good for demonstration of anatomic structure and T 2 WI at showing the lesions in detail. The scanning methods have been improved gradually. 1 H-MRS results were satisfactory for 64% of the single-voxel and 50% of the multi-voxel respectively. Conclusions:DEN induced rat HCC model is suitable for the Medical Imaging studies and liver 1 H-MRS scan is practical with this new 1.5T unit.