Objective To review and analyze the application of retroperitoneal laparoscopy and open surgery in ureteropelvic junction obstruction, sum up clinical expeirence, and improve the skills of retropeirtoneal laparoscopic surgery. Methods Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery was carired out in 22 csaes of ureteropelvic junction obstruction(retroperitoneal laparoscopy group). Open surgery was carried out in 21 cases(Open surgery group). The two groups were compared in operation time, blood loss postoperative discharge time and postoperative hospital stay respectively. Results Ureteropelvic junction obstruction group was significantly less than open surgery group in intraoperative bleeding time,postoperative bleeding time and average length of stay. Operation time in ureteropelvic junction obstruction group was slightly longer than that in open surgery group [(32.0 ± 10.0) ml vs (70.0 ± 11.9) ml, (31.0 ±5.7)h vs(52.0 ±6.9)h,(7.0 ± 1.6) d vs(14.0 ± 1.4) d, (113.0 ±7.6) min vs(72.0 ± 6.8) min] (t = 7.06,8. 14,11.37,11.36, all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic technology was in the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction for its direct way, had non interference and pollution to laparoscopic internal organs,less damage,less pain, rapid recovery and short hospitla stay. With on going training and constantly updating technical skills and equipments, retroperitoneal laparoscopic technology will shotren the operation time, and will substitute open surgery.

2008,accordingly.

Objective　To explore a new way of treating refractory residual gallstones by endoscopy. Methods　Choledochfiberscope(CHF) combined with air pressure ballistic lithoclast(APBL) under ureterscopy were used on 28 cases of large or impacted residual gallstones. Results　All refractory stones were crushed and extracted completely in 1-3 times, including sufficient once in 16, twice in 10 and thrice in 2. No severe complications were occurred in this series. Conclusions　This procedure is a safe, effective, simplicity, less complication and no heat injury methods. It is proved to be a new way of treating refractory residual gallstones, especially for large or impacted lithiasis. It is worthy for clinical application widely in the future.

Breast-Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) is an improved and optimizing nuclear medicine breast imaging technique on the basis of traditional gamma camera. It uses a high resolution, small field-of-view scintilla detector. The detector is designed with 3 073 individual detector crystals and 48 position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes. The FOV of detector is 15 cm x 20 cm, and optimal system resolution for breast imaging is 3 mm, can detect the diameter of only 2-3 mm small lesions. BSGI has better sensitivity in detecting subcentimetre or nonpalpable breast cancer. The sensitivity for the diagnosis of breast cancer is high, not influenced by the density of the breast tissue, implants, architectural distortion-or scars from prior surgery or radiation. So it is called a high resolution, small field-of-view breast-specific gamma camera.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Gamma Cameras ; Humans

Objective To explore a new way of treating refractory residual gallstones by endoscopy. Methods Choledochfiberscope(CHF) combined with air pressure ballistic lithoclast(APBL) under ureterscopy were used on 28 cases of large or impacted residual gallstones. Results All refractory stones were crushed and extracted completely in 1 3 times, including sufficient once in 16, twice in 10 and thrice in 2. No severe complications were occurred in this series. Conclusions This procedure is a safe, effective, simplicity, less complication and no heat injury methods. It is proved to be a new way of treating refractory residual gallstones, especially for large or impacted lithiasis. It is worthy for clinical application widely in the future.

Objective To provide the biomechanical basis of plantaris tendon for clinical autotransplantation. Methods Fifteen plantaris tendons from 8 fresh adult cadavers were cut into 56 segments with about 6 cm lengths in each. The segments were divided into 3 groups: upper,middle,and lower segments. Fifty segments were taken for the tensile test,while the other six segments were loaded under 30 MPa,40 MPa,and 50 MPa respectively. The histologic structure of the tendons was observed under the microscope after presumptive load. Results The average limit load,tensile strength and elastic modulus of the plantaris tendon were (83.19?42.52) N,(60.32?21.80) MPa,and (714.83?285.44) MPa respectively. The tensile strength of the lower segments was significant higher than the upper and middle segments. Conclusion The biomechanical property of the plantaris tendon is accommodative for autografting.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the situation of rational use of drugs in the outpatient prescriptions in 21 medical institutions in Shanghai Songjiang district.METHODS: The international indicators for rational drug use were employed to evaluate outpatient prescriptions in 21 medical institutions in Shanghai Songjiang district.RESULTS: As for the international indicators for rational drug use in the outpatient prescriptions,an average of 2.5 kinds of drugs were prescribed per prescription in 21 hospitals,42% prescriptions prescribed antibacterials,20% prescribed injections,and 43.97% prescribed basic drugs of zero difference rate.CONCLUSIONS: The drug use in outpatients of 21 medical institutions was rational on the whole;however,the proportions of prescribing antibacterials and injections in some hospitals were still on the high side. Thus the rational drug use level remains to be improved further.

AIM:To explore the effect of wall shear stress(WSS) on arterial endothelial cell(AEC)proliferation. METHODS: The reducing flow of common carotid artery was established in 60 rabbits,and arterial endothelial cell(AEC)proliferation were assessed at 8 different time intervals from 0 to 30 days. RESULTS: With progressively increasing in WSS, the rate of proliferation indicated a much higher level from 7 days to 30 days than control( P

Objective To explore the changes of wall shear stress(WSS) effect on endothelial cell morphology remodeling after reducing arterial flow. Methods The reducing flow of common carotid artery was established in 60 rabbits,and arterial stretched preparations were made at 8 different intervals from 0 to 30 days.The shape and fibrous actin(F-actin)of arterial endothelial cell(AEC)were observed under an microscope and confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM) using silver and fluorescein-phalloidin stain. Results The fewer stress fibers were viewed in AEC and its shape changed from spindle to ellipse after WSS decreased for 12 hours,the value of shape index(SI) and length/width(L/W) was greatly higher and lower than the levels of control,respectively(P

The present study was undertaken to observe the effect of picrotoxin(PT) injection into lateral ventricle (LV) on cardiac contractility (CC) and renal nerve discharge (RND).lt was found that PT injection into LV caused CC and RND to increase significantly, and this effect was dose-dependent.The effect of baroreflex on cardiovascular response produced by PT injection was also observed. Data suggested that PT injection into LV still caused CC and RND to increase when the buffer nerve was sectioned. The magnitude of increase was significantly larger than that of the intact buffer nerve. The results indicate that in the CNS, the block of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmitter system not only could cause blood pressure and heart rate to increase, but also strengthen CC and RND; baroreflex could partly suppress cardiovascular response caused by PT injection.