AIM: To study medical effect of the antioxidation activity of essential oil from smell storusbill(Pelargonium graveolens,L'Her)(PLO) METHODS: Free radicals(O?_2、?OH and DPPH?)scavenging activities were investigated in different special chemical systems.Its anti-lipoperoxidantion activity was studied with MDA generation model in vitro.The effect of the hemolysis of cavy RBC induced by H_2O_2 was also studied.The components of PLO was identified by GC-FID. RESULTS: It was found that PLO showed higher anti-lipoperoxidantion on MDA generation spontaneously in homogenates of cavy heart,liver and kidney.There were significant differences on lipid peroxidant of the cavy liver homogenate induced by CCl_4 between control group and PLO.There were higher scavenging effect of the extracts of foliage on O?_2 and DPPH?PLO could strongly inhibit the hemolysis of cavy RBC induced by H_2O_2.The result of GC-FID and DPPH? scavenging activities indicated that the antioxidantion of citronellol was similar with PLO. CONCLUSION: PLO is a good antioxidation and citronellol is the main antioxidated substance in PLO.

Objective:To assess the nutritional status of obese patients prior to bariatric surgery, and to explore the related factors of nutrient deficiency.Methods:Clinical data of 43 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery at Beijing Hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Gender, age, BMI, body composition analysis data, blood test data of nutrients were collected. The software of SPSS 20.0 was used to conduct data analysis.Results:Nutrients deficiencies were found for vitamin D (100.0%), iron (26.1%), prealbumin (15.4%) and hemoglobin (7.0%). Hemoglobin, prealbumin, and serum iron levels were significantly higher in male patients than in female patients ( P=0.001, 0.000 and 0.001, respectively). Body fat percentage was negatively correlated with 25 hydroxyvitamin D ( r=-0.983, P=0.017), and positively correlated with serum sodium ( r=0.568, P<0.001). Conclusions:Obesity patients were presented with a variety of nutritional deficiencies before bariatric surgery. A comprehensive nutrients test should be performed before bariatric surgery, to detect and correct nutrient deficiencies preoperatively.

Objective To investigate the effects of music therapy in treating cognitive dysfunction in early stroke patients. Methods Forty patients who had suffered a stroke in the previous four weeks were randomly di-vided into two groups of 20. One received music therapy as part of their cognitive training ( observation group) , and the other did not (control group). Before and after 6 weeks of treatment, cognitive functioning was evaluated using the second Chinese edition of Loewenstein's occupational therapy cognitive assessment (LOTCA). The patients' a-bility in the activities of daily living was also evaluated using the modified Barthel index (MBI). Results After treatment, the total LOTCA and MBI scores in both groups were significantly higher than before. Both LOTCA and MBI scores in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group, and there were also signifi-cant differences between the observation and control groups on all of the LOTCA sub-items except spatial percep-tion. Conclusions Music therapy can improve the effects of rehabilitation on cognition and the ADL ability of early stroke patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of diet-induced obesity on the developmental process of testes in pubertal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and explore the possible reversibility. MethodsSixty one-month-old male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group ( n =10) and a model group ( n =50 ), which were fed on a normal diet and a high-fat diet, respectively. After 8 weeks, all the rats in the control group and 10 rats randomly picked out from the model group were killed. The serum testosterone and estradiol levels were measured by enzymelinked inununosorbent assay. Their left testes sections were stained by HE method, and the histology was observed under optical microscope and the spermatogenic activity was evaluated by Johnsen scoring system. The remaining 40 rats in the model group were further randomly divided into 3 subgroups: continued high-fat diet subgroup ( n =13), resume normal diet subgroup (n =13), and weight-loss subgroup (n =14). The continued high-fat diet subgroup was fed by high-fat diet, while the other two subgroups were fed by normal diet. Rats in weight-loss group took normal diet with running 20 min/d. After 6 weeks, the same parameters were assessed using the same methods. ResultsAfter 8 weeks, compared with the control group, the testosterone level of the model group significantly decreased (P =0.024) and the estradiol level significantly increased ( P =0. 017). The result of HE staining showed that the spermatogenic cell layers decreased, with part of seminiferous tubule experiencing atrophy.The number of Leydig cell also decreased and lipo vacuole was seen in the interstitial tissue of testis. The Johnsen score of the model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P =0.000). The testosterone level was significantly lower in the continued high-fat diet subgroup than that in resume normal diet subgroup ( P =0.001 ) and weight-loss subgroup ( P =0.000), and was significantly lower in resume normal diet subgroup than that in weight-loss subgroup ( P =0.001 ). The estradiol level was significantly higher in continued high-fat diet subgroup than that in resume normal diet subgroup ( P =0.001 ) and weight-loss group ( P =0.000 ), and was significantly higher in resume normal diet subgroup than that in weight-loss group ( P =0.001 ). HE staining showed that, pathological changes aggravating and worsening compared with the control group, the model group had significantly decreased seminiferous tubule cell layers, with some seminiferous tubules experiencing atrophy.The Johnsen score was significantly higher in weight-loss subgroup than that in the other two subgroups ( P =0.000and 0.001, respectively). The Johnsen score was negatively correlated with body weight ( r =- 0.962, P =0.000), and positively correhted with the serum testosterone level ( r =0.916, P =0.000 ). Conclusions High-fat diet can induce pubertal obesity in male SD rats, which is featured by testicular hypoplasia, decreased spermatogenesis, and endocrine dysfunction. Physical exercise may improve the conditions. The degree of obesity may be negatively correlated with the spermatogenic function.

Objective To assess the change of left ventricular wall motion at ventricular pacing(VP)by using global circumferential strain (GCS) and segmental circumferential strain of speckle tracking imaging(STI). Methods Seven adult pigs were sedated,followed by median sternotomy and opening of the pericardium. Temporary pacing leads were placed on the right ventricular (RV) epicardium and LV epicardium for RV or LV pacing. A LV short axis view at the mid-level LV was acquired at sinus and VP rhythm. Analysis of circumferential strain by STI was performed offline. The onset of QRS wave was used to characterize the beginning of the cardiac cycle, and the ratio of beginning systolic time, end systolic time and total systolic time to cardiac cycle dyssynchrony was analyzed at sinus and VP rhythm. Results Compared with sinus rhythm,in VP rhythm all of the ratio of the beginning systolic time,end systolic time and total systolic time to cardiac cycle were increased (all P ＜0.05), and the construction of six segments were dyssynchrony,even segmental paradoxical movement. At VP ≥130 beats/min,both LV global and LV segments sometimes showed irregular motion while the EKG remained normal, which included: ( 1 ) multiple construction and diastole in one heart cycle; (2) A large variability of construction amplitude in several consecutive cardiac cycles. Conclusions VP can lead to several kinds of disturbance of left ventricular wall motion, including delay and lengthening of LV systole, dyssynchrony, and irregularity of systole and diastole.

Objective:To explore the protective effect of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on the prognosis of rats suffering from cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) under different treatment timings.Methods:The method of percutaneous epicardial electrical stimulation was used to establish CA model of rat. Fifty-three male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into the sham group ( n=5), CPR group ( n=12), PRE group ( n=12), POST5 group ( n=12) and POST30 group ( n=12). The sham group did not experience CA/CPR. VNS treatment was started at 30 min before CA (PRE group, n=12), 5 min after recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (POST5 group, n=12), and 30 min after ROSC (POST30 group, n=12) in different VNS-treated group, respectively. The electrical stimulation was applied to the vagus nerve for 30 min with a unified parameter. The neurological deficit scores at 24, 48, and 72 h after ROSC were recorded, and the survival rate in each group was observed. TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis of cortical area and the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in brain tissue was measured by immunofluorescence at 72 h after ROSC. Variables were compared with one-way analysis of variance, and survival for Kaplan-Meier curves were tested with the log-rank test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Compared with the CPR group (survival rate 33.33%), both pre-treatment (survival rate 75%) and post-treatment of VNS (POST5 group survival rate 75% and POST30 group survival rate 83.33%) significantly improved the 72 h survival rate after CPR ( P<0.05), mitigated neurological deficits after ROSC, reduced the positive rate of apoptosis neurons, and up-regulated the expression of α7nAChR in cerebral cortex. There was no significant difference among the VNS-treated groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Both pre-treatment and post-treatment of VNS can play a protective role in rats after CA/CPR, which may be related to the activation of α7nAChR-mediated anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects.

Objective: To study the anti hyperglycemic effect of rubusoside on diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ)and its mechanism . Methods: The STZ induced diabetic rats were dived into three groups and were given (ig.) saline, rubusoside and Phenformin respectively once a day. After three weeks, the levels of serum glucose, fructosamine, insulin,SOD were assayed. Results: Rubusoside could reduce the level of serum glucose significantly, enhance the ability of anti oxidation and stimulate the secretion of insulin in STZ induced diabetic rats. Conclusion: The action of rubusoside on secretion of insulin can be explained for the anti hyperglycemic effect.

Establishing a stable resin-dentin hybrid layer is an effective method to improve the adhesion durability of the restoration. The biomodification of dentin by cross-linkers can enhance the mechanical properties of collagen and resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis while, inhibiting the process of demineralization and promoting the remineralization of dentin, which has the potential clinical applicability of preventing dental caries and improving adhesive property. This review summarizes the biomodification of dentin type Ⅰ collagen by different cross-linkers.

Considerable progress has been made in the field of cancer immunotherapy in recent years. This has been made possible in large part by the identification of new immune-based cellular targets and the development of novel approaches aimed at stimulating the immune system. The role played by the immunosuppressive microenvironment in the development of tumors has been established. The success of checkpoint-inhibiting antibodies and cancer vaccines has marked the beginning of a new era in cancer treatment. This review highlights the clinically relevant principles of cancer immunology and various immunotherapeutic approaches that have either already entered mainstream oncologic practice or are currently in the process of being evaluated in clinical trials. Furthermore, the current barriers to the development of effective immunotherapies and the potential strategies of overcoming them are also discussed.
Antibodies ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Neoplasms ; therapy

Objective To verify enzyme activity inhibition of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor ( HDACi ) JZ005 using an HDACi chemiluminescence detection kit and a cell-based screening model .Methods The plasmid with p21 gene promoter elements and luciferase reporter gene was transfected into human embryonic kidney cells 293 , and the stable transfectants were established by G418 screening.Enzyme activity inhibition of JZ005 on histone deacetylases (HDACs) was verified by the HDACi chemiluminescence detection kit and the cell-based screening model .A well-known HDACi , tri-chostatin A ( TSA) was used as the positive control .MTT assay was used to detect the protection of rat H 9c2 myocardial cells suffering from CoCl 2-induced hypoxia and treated with different concentrations of JZ 005 .The expression of acetylated histone H3 protein of normal and CoCl 2-induced hypoxia H9c2 cells before and after JZ005 treatment was assayed by West-ern blotting while the effect of drug administration on apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry ( FCM) .Results An HDA-Ci cell-based screening system targeting the p21 gene promoter was ranging established .The JZ005, a HDACi, markedly suppressed the activity of HDACs by more than 50%with the concentration ranging from 50 to 400 μmol/L.JZ005 signifi-cantly protected H9c2 cells from hypoxia injury .Cell viability was increased by 38.33%,56.00% and 35.20% compared with control,accompanied by an enhanced acetylation level of histone H 3.JZ005(25,50 and 100 μmol/L) treatment sig-nificantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells (6.63%,10.56% and 8.89%) compared to control group (12.89%). Conclusion An HDACi cell-based screening system is successfully established .JZ005 effectively protects myocardial cells against hypoxia injury while enhancing the acetylation level of histone H 3.Our results indicate that JZ005 might be developed as a potential drug for hypoxia treatment .