Objective: To explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) on hypoxic pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis in rats. Methods: Twenty four Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control group ( n =8), hypoxia group ( n =8), and hypoxia +NaHS group ( n =8). The plasma level of H 2S was determined by methylene blue spectrophotometric method. VSMC apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL). The protein expressions of Bcl 2, Fas and caspase 3 in pulmonary arteries were detected by immunohistochemical technique. Results: Compared with rats in the control group, the plasma level of H 2S decreased by 36% in rats of hypoxic group . The apoptotic rate per area in VSMCs detected with TUNEL was significantly decreased by 52.9% in rats of hypoxic group . The expressing integral score of Bcl 2 of VSMCs was increased by 123.9%,while Fas protein expression of VSMCs was decreased by 45% and caspase 3 protein expression of VSMCs was not significantly changed in rats of hypoxia group. But compared with rats in the hypoxia group, the plasma level of H 2S increased by 65% in rats of hypoxia+NaHS group. The apoptotic rate in VSMCs of TUNEL was significantly increased by 62.5% in rats of hypoxia+NaHS group. The Bcl 2 protein expression of VSMCs was decreased by 36.4% in rats of hypoxia+NaHS group. The expressing integral scores of Fas and caspase 3 were significantly higher in rats of hypoxia+NaHS group than in those of hypoxia group. Conclusion: Hypoxia decreased the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis. H 2S inhibited Bcl 2 protein expression of VSMCs and activated Fas and caspase-3 protein expressions of VSMCs, and therefore promoted the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis.

We measured IgG and IgM ACA levels by a modified enzyme一linked immunosorbent as-say(ELISA) in 122 patients with brain infarction and 86 healthy controls. Significant difference in positiveIgG and IgM ACAs was found between the patients with infarction(50.8%)and the control group(11.6%).The relation between positive ACAs and brain infarction was studied. The pathogenetic mecha-nism remains unclear.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of left ventricular structural damage in patients with primary aldosteronism(PA).MethodsA total of 438 inpatients with hypertension from January 2007 to June 2010 were screened for PA,and diagnosis was made in 213 PA patients and 225 patients with essential hypertension (EH).The left ventricular structure of all subjects was evaluated according to the results of echocardiographic measurements.Results The duration of hypertension and plasma aldosterone level in patients with PA were significantly higher (P＜ 0.01 ),while the serum potassium and plasma renin activity were significantly lower (P＜0.01 ) than those in patients with EH.The interventricular septum thickness,left ventricular end-diastolic dimension,left ventricular mass index (LVMI),left ventricular end-diastolic volume,and stroke volume in patients with PA were significantly higher than those in EH patients( P＜0.01 ) after the duration of hypertension was corrected.In patients with PA,the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was higher than that in EH patients ( 53.1％ vs 33.8 ％,x2 =16.57,P ＜ 0.01 ). Normal left ventricular geometry ( NG ),concentric remodeling ( CCR ),concentric hypertrophy( CCH),and eccentric hypertrophy (ECH) were found respectively in 24.9％,22.1％,22.1％,and 30.9％ of patients with PA.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the seated plasma aldosterone level (β=0.43,P ＜ 0.01 ) and systolic blood pressure (β =0.45,P ＜ 0.01 ) were the main factors that influenced LVMI.The course was the main parameter that influenced relative wall thickness(β=0.011,P＜0.05 ).Conclusion The prevalence of LVH is higher in patients with PA than that in EH patients.The eccentric hypertrophy is the most common left ventricular geometrical pattern in patients with PA.

Objective To compare the sensitivity, specificity and consistency of five kits for quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA. Methods Four domestic fluorescence kits, A, B, C, and D, and Roche Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan HBV test for quantitation of HBV DNA in serum, were applied to detect the National Standards, an additional plasma for sensitivity (7 times dilution), 15 plasma samples from healthy blood donor and 45 plasma samples from chronic hepatitis B patients. Results All five kits showed the correct results for the 9 positive specimens and 8 negative specimens from the National Standards. The quantitative results of specimens for sensitivity met requirements of the National Standards. The lowest concentration of HBV DNA by these three kits was 15.6 IU/mL. The lowest detection level of HBV DNA for domestic kit B was ≤500 IU/mL. There was linear correlation between the results by Roche kit and domestic kit C (r> 0.98). Kit D showed 2 false-negatives results in the 15 healthy blood donor samples. The coincidence rates between 4 domestic kits and the Roche kit ranged from 50% to 96% (A: 61%, B: 50%, C: 96%, D: 83 %). The consistency rate of kit C with the Roche kit was significantly higher than those of kit D, A and B (X2=5.62, P<0.05, X2=28. 93, P<0.01, X2=44.31,P<0.01, respectively). The consistency rates among these 5 kits were highest when testing samples with HBV DNA levels between 1×104-1×107 IU/mL. Conclusions The qualities of domestic kits vary remarkably and kit C has the greatest consistency rate with the Roche kit. Therefore, the qualities of domestic kits need to be further improved.

Objective To evaluate anti-HEV IgG and IgM diagnostic kits with sera from convalescent hepatitis E patients and to establish the quantification method of detecting anti-HEV lgG.Methods Detect 42 convalescent serum samples of over 6 months after onset of hepatitis E patients from Jiangsu province with anti-HEV IgM and IgG diagnostic kits. Select and mix the anti-HEV IgG positive sera which were confirmed by Western blot with ORF2 and ORF3 antigen. The mixed serum was calibrated with a WHO anti-HEV Ig standard. A series quantitative linear standard was made for quantitative detection of anti-HEV IgG in hepatitis E vaccine clinical trials phase Ⅲ. Results The positive rates of the anti-HEV IgG di-agnose kits of G, K, MP, Wantai were 71.4%, 78.6%, 92.9% and 100% respectively. The positive rates of G was lower than that of MP (χ~2 = 5.19, P<0.05) and obviously lower than Wantai (χ~2 = 11.76,P<0.01). The positive rates of K was also obviously lower than that of Wantai (χ~2 =7.96, P <0.01).The positive rates of the anti-HEV IgM diagnose kits of MP, G, X, Wantai, K were 21.4%, 7.1%,21.4%, 64.3%, 78.6% respectively. The positive rate of both K and Wantai were obviously higher than that of MP(χ~2 = 15.75 ,P<0.01 ; X2 = 27.43 ,P< 0.01). With the Western blot confirmation test, 30 and 18 sera were reactive to ORF2 and ORF3 antigen separately. The anti-HEV IgG concentration of HEV-D01 mixed by 13 samples was 57.94 U/ml by the calibration. Prepare seven 1.5-fold dilution series of quantita-tive linear standard for HEV vaccine clinical trials phase Ⅲ, concentration range from 0.077 to 0.877 U/ml. The quantitive values of high, medium and low concentrations quality control samples lay in the range of average ± 2s, and the CV of quantitative values were 16%, 16%, 12% respectively. Conclusion The quality of different anti-HEY IgM and IgG diagnose kits were different. This study had set up a set of anti-HEV IgG linear quantitative standard, which fit for detecting anti-HEV IgG antibodies quantitatively in HEVvaccine clinical trial phase Ⅲ.

把社区康复纳入社区卫生服务是“人人享有康复服务”的重要保证,而社区卫生服务康复专业人员的规范化上岗培训是提高社区康复服务质量和可持续发展的关键。北京市在社区卫生服务康复专业人员规范化上岗培训方面已取得一定经验,要搞好此项工作,涉及培训的目的和职称、指导思想、师资队伍、培训基地、组织领导等方面的问题。

ObjectiveTo observe the rehabilitative effect of patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke by manipulation treatment. MethodsThe patients with shoulder-hand syndrome were randomly divided into two groups, manipulation group (180cases) and control group (128 cases). Patients in the manipulation group were regularly given a passive quantitative movement on shoulder, elbow and hand joints,while patients in the control group were irregularly given a passive movement or ordered to perform an autonomic movement. The signs and symptoms of patients in these two groups were not much different. The rehabilitative effects were compared 3 months later. ResultsSigns and symptoms in the manipulation groups improved much better than that of the control group. Conclusions The manipulation treatment for the post-stroke patients with shoulder-hand syndrome is the method that is simple, effective and easy to perform.

One hundred and fourty-nine normal persons were tested to gain the normal scale of Comprehensive Function Evaluation(CFE).It includes seven items eighteen categories.The result demonstrated that fifteen categories of normal persons in age of twenty to sixty-nine incuding understanding and expressing,feeding,grooming,dressing clothes,dressing trousers and skirts,bathing,bowel and bladder management,control of sphincter of bowel and bladder,bed wheelchair mobility,bathtub-wheelchair mobility,ambulation,up and down the stairs,which gained one hundred degrees each,memory ninty eight to one hundred degrees,problem solving ability eighty-four to one hundred degrees,social communication ninty-nine to one hundred degrees.We conclude preliminarily:CFE is an individual ability evaluation of preson,demonstrating the comprehensive function of presons which were in aga of twenty to sixty nine,educated in and above primary school.It can be used as a main scale to evaluate the guality and effect of rehabilitation sequence,and has practical value to improve rehabilitation medical level.

Presented in this paper is a preliminary report on reliability study of comprehensive function evaluation.One hundred and five normal persons were evaluated twice in the interval of one month.The result revealed significant statistical difference,Kappa=0.79,u=7.938>2.56,P<0.01,demonstrating the substantial agreement of these two evaluations.The result suggests that the scale has substantial intra observer agreement and high reliability.The personal comprehensive function could be evaluated completely in the scale.It would be significant not only in practice but also in theory to improve the rehabilitation evaluation and rehabilitation medical level.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the measurement methods of carotidcerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV) and the traditional method of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).Methods A total of 136 healthy volunteers were divided into a youth group (20-39 years),a middleaged group (40-59 years),and an elderly group (more than 60 years) according to their ages.While detecting baPWV,transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to simultaneously monitor the ipsilateral common carotid artery and the terminal segment of internal carotid artery.The time differences of the beating points of their cardiac cycles and the distanceses of the skin surfaces between the 2 probes were measured and ccPWV was calculated.Results The systolic blood pressure,pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure in the elderly group were signifificantly higher than those in the middle-aged group and the young group.The ccPWVs in the youth,middle-aged and elderly groups were 418 ± 52 cm/s,489 ±54 cm/s,and 599 ± 58 cm/s,respectively.The elderly group was significantly faster than the middle-aged group (t =7.308,P ＜0.001),and the middle-aged group was significantly faster than the youth group (t=6.758,P＜0.001).A Pearson correlation analysis showed that ccPWV was significantly positively associated with the age (r=0.847,P＜0.001) and baPWV (r =0.548,P ＜0.001).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that ccPWV was significantly positively associated with the age and diastolic blood pressure (partial correlation coefficients were 0.742 and 0.293respectively,P ＜0.001 and ＜0.010 respectively).Conchlusions ccPWV is a new measurement method for cerebrovascular stiffneas,and it has a good correlation with the traditional measurement method.