The zinc content in red blood cells has been proved to be a better index than either serum Zn or plasma Zn for nutritional and metabolic studies. A simple direct dilution method followed by AAS determination of Zn has been developed. The optimum dilution ratio is found to be 1 : 19 of deionized water. Recovery of this method is consistantly between 96-97% with a coefficient of variation less than 3%.

Zinc, copper and iron contents of pooled hair samples of primary and secondary school pupils in Beijing City were determined and their relations with the age and sex of the pupils were discussed. The zinc content of the hair varied with the age of the pupils more significantly than the copper and iron content, and therefore, it might be taken as an indicator of the physical development of the pupils.

Copper and iron, chelated by cupferron and extracted by methyl-iso-butyl-ketone at pH 3.4-4.2, are enriched and the absorption signals of AAS are enhanced by the organic solvent, thus result in a smaller sample requirement (less than 100 mg hair) and a higher sensitivity (almost 20 times the original aqueous solution). The recoveries of zinc, copper and iron for human hair analysis are in the range of 98-106%, and the coefficients of variation are 0.6, 2.5 and 6.5% respectively. The recommended method is simple, easy to manipulate and suitable to medical application.

Objective To investigate clinical value of transurethral bipolar plasma cutting and transurethral resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia,to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods 100 cases with benign prostatic hyperplasia were selected,according to surgical treatment,they were divided into control group and observation group.50 patients in the control group received TURP surgical treatment,50 patients in the observation group were given TUPKP surgical treatment.The patients were followed up for 3 months,the indwelling catheter time, weight and other clinical indicators of glandular tissue were compared,serum sodium and hemoglobin levels were observed,the quality of life index,international Prostate Symptom Score,complications and other indicators were compared. Results In the observation group,operative time was (60.54 ±8.37)min,blood loss was (108.43 ±21.27)mL, hospital stay was (7.09 ±2.25)d,which were shorter than those of the control group (70.24 ±12.22)min,(188.76 ± 21.36)mL,(8.63 ±2.76)d,the differences were statistically significant (t =5.441,P =0.012;t =8.326,P =0.001;t =6.216,P =0.006).In the observation group after three months,maximum flow rate was (18.95 ±4.11)mL/s, residual urine volume was (28.74 ±4.55)mL,IPSS was (5.12 ±1.27)points,QOL was (1.43 ±0.24)scores, which were better than those of the control group (14.24 ±3.77)mL/s,(20.85 ±5.11)mL,IPSS(6.95 ±1.44)points, QOL(2.03 ±0.32)points,the differences were statistically significant (t =8.763,P =0.000;t =7.616,P =0.003;t =5.472,P =0.011;t =8.044,P =0.002).The incidence rate of complication in the observation group was 10.00%, which was significantly lower than 22.00% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =5.437,P =0.012).Conclusion TUPKP treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia has significant clinical effect, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life with good safety,it is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the sensitization to HLA antigens and relationship between sensitization and allograft function after liver transplantation. Methods The panel reactive antibody (PRA) in serum was determined by using LAT ELISA kit in 15 recipients before and after liver transplantation. Results Moderate sensitization was detected in one of 15 cases before transplantation. The patient experienced one episode of mild rejection, which was reversed by treatment with Methylprednisolone. PRA in this patient maintained positive 3 months posttransplantation. The remaining 14 patients had negative PRA (

Objective Examinating the efficacy and safety on prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis(DVT) following arthroplasty using low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in combination with intermittent pneumatic compression(IPC) starting with different time. Methods 156 patients undergoing primary arthroplasty from July 2003 to June 2005 were divided into four groups randomly. In the first group, 38 patients used LMWH preoperatively and IPC starting since anesthesia. In the second group, 42 patients did LMWH postoperatively and IPC starting since anesthesia. In the third group, 36 patients did preoperative LMWH and post-operative IPC. In the fourth group, 40 patients did post-operative LMWH and IPC. All patients were examined by colour duplex ultrasonography, valued the clinical symptom of DVT, recorded the volume of blood loss in perioperation and observed complication of hemorrhage. Results In the first group, two cases of DVT (5.26%) were found and the average perioperative volume of blood loss was (1030.8?282.0) ml. In the second group, two cases of DVT (4.76%) were found and the average volume of blood loss was (900.7?246.9) ml. In the third group, one case (2.78%) of DVT was found and the average volume of blood loss was (1040.3?288.5) ml. In the fourth group, nine cases of DVT (22.5%) were found and the average volume of blood loss was (852.2?295.4) ml. Comparing the incidence of DVT between each group, group 1, 2, 3 were lower than group 4(P﹤0.05). Comparing the volume of blood loss in perioperation, group 2 , 4 were less than group 1,3(P﹤0.05). Conclusion On the basis of this study, it is more effective and safer using LMWH staring with post-operative 10 h in combination with IPC starting with anesthesia on prophylaxis of DVT following arthroplasty.

AIM: To investigate the effects of aging on sperm maturation and fertility in mice. METHODS: Sperm of caput epididymides and cauda epididymides were obtained from Kunming mice aged 6 months (n=15, as control) and 18 months ( n=15). Sperm parameters including sperm density, viability, motility and nor mal morphological rate were recorded. Sperm of cauda epididymides was observed b y transmission electron microscope. The fertility potential and embryo developme ntal competence were performed by in vitro fertilization and embryo culture. RESULTS: Sperm motility, density and normal morphological rate i n aged mice were lower than those in control (P

Objective To study the complications and their management of plasmakinetic transurethral resection of the prostate (PKRP). Methods Complications and their management of 51 cases of PKRP from May 2003 to June 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Complications of the procedure were as follows. Bladder spasms occurred in 27 cases (accompanying hemorrhage in 2 cases and urge incontinence in 6 cases), and the symptoms disappeared after patient-controlled intravenous analgesia and M-receptor blocker (tolterodine). Postoperative bleeding occurred in 6 cases. Continuous irrigation with normal saline and medical therapy were given in 3 cases, and open surgery was required in 3 cases with severe bleeding. All bleeding patients obtained a full recovery of voiding function without re-bleeding. Urge incontinence occurred in 13 cases, and was cured with functional exercises of pelvic floor muscles and M-receptor blocker (tolterodine) administration. Stress incontinence was observed in 1 case, and a penile clamp had been used to control incontinence. Among 7 cases of urinary retention after operation, a re-operation of PKRP was conducted in 2 cases and oral medication was carried out in 5. The voiding function recovered well in all the 7 cases. In 5 cases of urethral stricture, urethral dilatation was employed in 3 cases and urethrotomy was performed in 2 cases to obtain a good recovery of voiding function. Conclusions Bladder spasm, postoperative bleeding, incontinence, urinary retention, and urethral stricture are common complications of PKRP. Strict adherence to technique and timely and proper management of complications are considered essential to improve results.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the bladder neo-plasm induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in Wistar rats. Methods Seventy-two female rats were randomly divid-ed into two groups, treatment group and control group. The rat model of bladder tumor was established by intravesical instilla-tion of MNU (2mL/time, once every two weeks) inside bladder. Rats in treatment group were given EGCG (2 mL/time, once/day), and control group were given the same volume of distilled water. Six rats were executed respectively at the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th and 13th week, and the bladder histopathological changes were studied in two groups. Results The untypical hyper-plasia was observed after 5 weeks. The bladder neoplasm was observed at the 11th week in control group. The bladder neo-plasm was not found in treatment group. There was a significantly lower pathological score in treatment group than that of control group except for the first two weeks (P＜0.05). Conclusion EGCG is effective for treatment of the bladder neo-plasm induced by MNU.

Objective To explore the near-term therapeutic effect and long-term result of stereotactie surgery in treatment of moderate hypertensive intraeerebral hemorrhage and discuss related problems of the surgery.Methods 60 cases of moderate hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into two groups at random.30 cases treated by stereotactie surgery,the others treated by nonsurgical method, the near-term rebleeding rate, mortality rate and longterm living quality of the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results There were no statistical differences in rebleeding rate and mortality rate between the two groups( all P >0.05 ).The long-term result indicated that there was statistical difference in GOS grades between the two groups( P <0.05).The surgical group had better result than nonsurgical group.Conclusion The patients suffered for moderate hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage treated by stereotsefic surgery had better long-term therapeutic effect than those treated by nonsurgical method.