Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system.By referring to more than ten years' research on AD in our lab,and new research findings from home both and abroad,some novel ideas and strategies were proposed.It provides new ways to the prevention and treatment of AD in clinical practice.

Objective: To improve the micro-manipulation of mouse fertilized eggs,promoting its survival rate and productivity in pseudo-pregnant mice. Methods: DNA fragments of definite concentration and size were used for micro-manipulation with conventional and improved methods, then their survival rate of manupulated eggs and productivity of pseudo-pregnant mice were analyzed and compared. Results: With improved methods, the survival rate of eggs increased from 60.3% to 79.5%, the productivity of pseudo-pregnant mice and offspring increased from 35.7% to 56.8% and 10.1% to 14.1% respectively. Conclusion: The improved methods of micro-manipulation can be used in transgenic mouse production.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) monitoring in the patients after cardiac operation.Methods Fifty patients after cardiac operation were randomly selected into this study.After the patients entered ICU 2 h,ScvO2,mixed venous oxygen saturation (S(v)vO2),lactate (Lac) were detected at the same time and oxygen extraction rate (O2ER) was calculated.Fifty patients were divided into three groups according to the level of ScvO2,group A (ScvO2 ＜0.65,23 patients),group B (ScvO2 0.65-0.75,18 patients),group C (ScvO2 ＞ 0.75,9 patients).The correlation among ScvO2,S(v)vO2,O2ER were analyzed.The correlation between ScvO2 and Lac in each group were calculated.The level of Lac in three groups were compared.The incidence rate of complications,ventilator time and ICU stay time were compared.Results The level of ScvO2,S（v）O2,O2ER,Lac in 50patients were 0.656 ±0.086,0.639 ±0.081,0.356 ±0.084,(2.6 ± 1.3) mmol/L.The level of ScvO2 had significantly positive correlation with S(v)O2 (r =0.688,P ＜ 0.01),and had significantly negative correlation with O2ER (r =-0.640,P ＜0.01).In group A,the level of Lac had significantly negative correlation with ScvO2 (r =-0.772,P ＜ 0.01).In group C,the level of Lac had significantly positive correlation with ScvO2 (r =0.717,P ＜ 0.05).In group B,the level of Lac had no significant correlation with ScvO2 (r =-0.358,P ＞0.05).The level of Lac in group A and group C was significantly higher than that in group B [(2.0 ± 0.9),(4.8 ±2.1) mmol/L vs.(1.6 ±0.5) mmol/L] (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01).The incidence rate of hyoxemia,low cardiac output syndrome and renal functional lesion in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of liver functional lesion and renal functional lesion in group C were significantly higher than those in group B (P ＜ 0.05).The ventilator time and ICU stay time in group A andgroup C were significantly longer than those in group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ScvO2 is an ideal index to judge oxygen equilibrium in early period after cardiac operation.The lower and supranormal ScvO2 both suggest tissue hypoxia,resulting in increased postoperative complications and prolonged treatment.

The laboratory accreditation plan is an effective way to realize the standardization of medical laboratories.The test method validation is required by ISO 15189 guideline and CAP checklists.However,after CBC analyzers and coagulation analyzers are repaired,no solution for the validation is put forward.

Risk management is derived from industry.In recent years,risk management is introduced by many medical laboratories their process management abroad.However,the concept of risk management is still very new for laboratories in China.Therefore,the establishment of the project for risk detection,classification,correction,prevention and supervision could help medical laboratories improve their service quality.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:Irrational medication orders eval-uated by the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University during Oct. 2014 to Sep. 2015 were arrangemented,summarized and analyzed. RESULTS:A total of 515 inpatient medical records were reviewed and analyzed,among which there were 165 unrea-sonable medical records and 185 irrational medication orders. Irrational medical records of general surgery department were the most(38 items,accounting for 23.03%). Irrational drug use mainly included irrational usage and dosage(80.00%),drug use with-out indications or not suit indications (7.57%),inappropriate solvent selection (4.86%). Including 66.22% of single overdose, 18.92% of longer medication duration. CONCLUSIONS:There are many irrational medical orders which should be standardized in our hospital,especially overdose and longer medication duration,which increase financial burden of patient. Pharmacists should strengthen communication with clinicians,and hold rational drug use trainings regularly base on the types of the irrationality. These can help to improve rational drug use and guarantee the safety of drug use.

Objective To evaluate the effect of chest backplate in treating multiple rib fractures in patients with focal abnormal breathing.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients with multiple rib fractures and focal abnormal breathing who were treated by Chrisofix chest backplate were analyzed.Results Thirtyfour patients were cured by chest backplate and other conservative treatments,and 2 patients underwent rib internal fixation surgery.The numeric rating scales scores before and after the application of the chest backplate were (8.1 ± 0.7) scores and (5.2 ± 0.5) scores respectively(P ＜ 0.01).Seven patients had skin blisters forming around the shield,which were cured by liquid extraction with a syringe and gauze covered with povidone iodine.No patients stopped treatment because of allergy.Conclusions Chest backplate is an effective,easy and inexpensive method for patient with multiple rib fractures and focal abnormal breathing who doesn't need exploratory thoracotomy.It is worthy to spread in clinical treatment.

Objective To study the prokaryotic expression of fusion gene A?-HBcAg and analyze the immunoreactivity and immunogenicity of expression protein. Methods Recombinant plasmid pBV220/A?-HBcAg was transformed into E.coli DH5?, and expressed by temperature inducing. The bacteria were split by ultrasonic wave. The expression of the fusion protein was studied by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie brilliant blue staining. The immunoreactivity of the fusion protein was determined using ELISA. After immunized intraperitoneally with the fusion protein, 5 Balb/c mice's sera titers of anti- A? and anti-HBc were evaluated by ELISA. Results Fusion protein was in sediment of the split bacteria as inclusion bodies and its expression level was 5% of the total sediment protein. The fusion protein had both immunoreactivity of A? and HBcAg. The titers of anti-A? and anti-HBc were very low after 3 times of immunization. After immunization for 5 times, the titers reached 1∶800 and 1∶3 200 for anti-A? and anti-HBc, respectively. Conclusion Recombinant gene A?-HBcAg can be expressed in E.coli DH5? and the expression protein has certain immunoreactivity and immunogenicity. It indicates that further work should be done to enhance the expression level of fusion gene A?-HBcAg and improve the immunogenicity of the fusion protein.

Objective To prepare a hybridoma secreting stab le monoclonal antibodies against ?-amyloid peptide (A? 1-42) with high titer. Methods By genetic engineering technology, A ? gene was recombined with the MIR of HBcAg to get the A? and HBcAg fusi on protein. Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with A? and HBcAg f usion protein were fused with mouse myeloma cells SP2/0. Results Two strains of hybridomas (1H 7 and 1F 3) secreting stable monoclonal antibodies raised against A? 1-42 were ob tained. The subtypes of A? 1-42 antibodies were IgG 3. C onclusion The A? 1-42 monoclonal antibodies obtained have high titers and specificity.

Objective To study the effect of ?-scretase substrate-base peptide(BACEsp) on cellular model of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods The cellular model of AD established with neuroblastoma cell SK-N-SH induced by amyloid precursor protein(APP) was infected with the supernatants including recombinant retrovirus pLXSN-BACEsp.MTT assay was used to test cell viability and immunocytochemistry was used to observe APP expresion in cells before and after BACEsp treatment.Results Cell viability and APP expression in the cells that had been first infected by recombinant retrovirus pLXSN-BACEsp were apparently higher than those only transfected by APP and last infected by recombinant retrovirus pLXSN-BACEsp.Conclusion BACEsp has an obviously protective effect on APP-induced neuron toxicity of cellular model of AD.