Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acarbose tablets combined with protamine zinc recombinant lai pulp mixing insulin injection in the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods 170 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group.85 cases in the observation group were given acarbose tablets combined with protamine zinc recombinant lai pulp mixing insulin injection,85 cases in the control group received aspart 30.The patients were followed up for 12 weeks,the blood glu cose levels,blood glucose fluctuation,glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc),the incidence of hypoglycemia and insulin dosage were observed.Results' The level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (t =9.92,P ＜ 0.05),2h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG) (t =18.18,P ＜0.05),the mean blood glucose within 4h(t =13.62,P ＜0.05),days of average blood glucose fluctuations (t =14.56,P ＜ 0.05) of observation group dropped significantly compared with that before treatment;HbAlc achieved rate(6.5％)of the observation group and control group were 35.29％,28.23％,re spectively,HbAlc achieved rate (7.0％) of observation group and control group were 57.64％,52.94％,the differences were not statistically significant(all P ＞ 0.05).The dose of insulin was significantly lower in the observation group(20.11 ±3.36) u/d than(35.78 ±4.68) u/d in the control group(t =25.08,P ＜0.01).There were 2 cases of hypoglycemic events and 3 cases in the control group.Conclusion Protamine zinc recombinant insulin lispro injection combined with acarbose has reliable clinical efficacy and safety.

Objective To understand the variation of the DNA double-strand break rejoining capacity among different cultured cancer cell lines and the primary cancer cells from brain cancer patients,and to explore the predictor of radiotherapy responses of cancers. Methods DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were induced by 60Co γ-irradiation. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the initial production and rejoining of DNA DSBs. Radiosensitivity was determined by in vitro assay of clonogenic-forming capacity. Results A wide variation of radiosensitivity, e.g. The survival parameter of D0 varied from 0.65 to 2.15 Gy, was displayed among the eight cell lines derived from different type of cancers. Although differential level of initial DNA DSBs induced by 20 Gy γ-rays was observed among various cell lines, it was not correlated with the radiosensitivity. The deficiency of DNA DSB rejoining in radiosensitive cell lines was shown either in the early rapid-rejoining phase (SX-10 cells) or in the late slow-rejoining phase (A2780 cells). A significant relationship was observed between the residual level of DNA DSBs measured at 2 h post-20 Gy irradiation and the cellular radioseusitivity (D0 or SF2). The kinetic curves of rejoining DNA DSBs in the primary human brain tumor cells indicated a variation on DSB rejoining capacity among different individual tumor. The residual level of DNA DSBs after 2 h of rejoining post 20 Gy irradiation in primary human brain tumor cells is compatible to the results obtained in vitro culture cancer cell lines. Conclusions The residual level of DNA DSBs is correlated with radioresistance of cancer cells, and the residual DNA damage is a useful parameter in predicting the response of tumor tissue to radiotherapy.

At present,the AIDS epidemic situation in college students is becoming more and more serious.In view of the particularity of colleges students and the lack of professional team for AIDS prevention and control in colleges and universities,there exists ethical issues when carry out the prevention and control for AIDS in colleges and universities such as the ethical issue in publicity and education,the ethical issue in AIDS behavioral intervention,the ethical issue in the consultation and detection for AIDS.This paper suggests that it should confront the current situation of AIDS prevention and control,improve the professional level of carrying out AIDS prevention and control,adhere to the necessary principles of AIDS prevention and control,and explore a new mode to construct AIDS prevention and control in colleges and universities.

Objective To review the three-dimensional characteristics and configuration of cranial base arteries of patients with intracranial berry aneurysms. Methods All the 70 patients with intracranial berry aneurysms (83 cases)were admitted from January to December in 2007. Their images of spiral computer angiography (CT) were presented and analyzed retrospectively. The site, size and figures of aneurysms were recorded, especially the variations of cranial base arteries were analyzed. Results Cerebral anterior communicating artery (ACoA) was the frequent site where aneurysms located. Incidence of ACoA aneurysms was 43.37%(36/83), that of posterior communicating artery (PCoA) was 28.92%(24/83), that of internal carotid artery was 9.64% (8/83), that of middle cerebral artery was 6.02% (5/83), that of A1-A3 was 3.61% (3/83), that of basilar artery was 3.61% (3/83), that of posterior cerebral artery was 2.41% (2/83), that of posterior inferior cerebellar artery was 1.20% (1/83),that of anterior choroidal artery was 1.20% (1/83).The shape of many berry aneurysms was regular. Mutational rate of cranial base arteries among aneurysms were 56.63% (47/83) and ACoA ancurysms with A1 dysplasia rate was 72.22% (26/36). Conclusions The solid shape and vascular variation of intracranial berry aneuryams can be optimally identified by spiral computer angiography. The occurrence of berry aneurysms might be associated with variation of cranial base arteries.

BACKGROUND:Whether plumbum(Pb) exposure induced learning and memory disorder in animals is correlated with the changes of the activity of protein kinase C(PKC) in the brain tissue? OBJECTIVE:To investigate the alterative rules of PKC activity in the brain tissue of rat in development stage under chronic exposure of Pb and its effects on the memory development of the mice. DESIGN:A randomized controlled study employing experimental animals as subjects. SETTING: Cellbiology Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health,China Medical University. MATERIALS:The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of China Medical University. Totally 72,5- 6 weeks old Kunming mice were selected. METHODS:Lead acetate of different concentration was used to feed female mice after copulation.Fetal mice contacted Pb through breast feeding and drinking water.Fetal mice were executed separately on 1st day(P1),8th day(P8),15th day(P15),22nd day(P22), and 30th day(P30) after birth for brain tissue harvesting.PCK activity in the brain tissue of the mice exposed to Pb was detected in vitro by[γ 32P] ATP.Budding mice were exposed to lead acetate of different concentration for the observation of the effects of Pb in difference concentration on the memory of the mice through memory behavioral training and test by passive avoidance response experiments. RESULTS:PKC activity detection indicated that PKC activity in brain of Pb exposed budding mice during initial growth stage was higher than normal,while it was lower than normal during advanced stage of growth.High concentration Pb had relative stronger inhibition on PKC activity.Memory behavioral training indicated that low concentration Pb would induce elevation of memory curve in the initial stage of the development in mice but reduction of memory curve in middle and long term.The increase of Pb concentration would reduce memory curve. CONCLUSION:Pb has inhibitive effects on the development of PKC activity in brain tissue of mice:the higher the Pb concentration is, the more significant the inhibition is.Low concentration Pb seems to have stimulatory effects on memory in short period while long term exposure to Pb would induce memory inhibition.The inhibitive effect of high concentration Pb is more significant.Pb has certain correlation with PKC activity in brain tissues of budding mice and memory function.

Objective To discuss the value of the posterior long segments pedicle screws fixation in surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fracture-dislocation,and summarize the experience.Method s We reviewed the clinical information of 27 cases of thoracolumbar fracture-dislocation since July 2007 to March 2010; all the cases were treated with the posterior long segments pedicle screws fixation.In these cases,20were male,7 were female.And the age ranged from 18 to 58 years old (average age was 35 years).The posterior approach was used,and the pedicle screws were inserted into the 2 vertebrae above and below the fractured vertebrae.Posterior decompression and bone grafts for fusion were also accomplished during the operation.Results Follow-up ranged from 7 to 25 months,averaging 14 months.Completely restoration of the dislocation was got in 25 cases and the spine sequence resumed to nearly normal.One case with lateral dislocation failed to complete correction; another 1 case operated 20 days after surgery failed to complete correction of forward dislocation.At the last follow-up,the mean Cobb angle loss was 3 degrees,the height of the vertebral had obvious loss compared with that of post-operation.The loosen of screw nut was found during the follow-up,but no dislocation and secondary deformity were observed after fixation.There was no death,no infection.Conclusions The technique of posterior long segments pedicle screw fixation is of great value in the clinical applications,since it has the following advantages:the operation is simple,trauma is small,the fixation is firm,good restoration of fracture and dislocations can be easily got,and most importantly,it can effectively prevent long-term vertebral height loss and the backward protruding deformity.

AIM: To observe the expression of neuronal Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 (ARNT2) involved in neuronal apoptosis evoked by low K + and to investigate the relationship between ARNT2 and neuronal apoptosis. METHODS: After neuron apoptosis model was established, the changes of mRNA and protein of ARNT2 during apoptosis were investigated by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Immunofluorescence was analyzed by confocal microscopy to probe the subcellular localization of ARNT2. RESULTS: Induced by low K +, the expression of ARNT2 mRNA was up-regulated obviously at the point of 30 min, and peaks at the point of 1 h. This up-regulated expression lasted for 12 h, and the variation of ARNT2 protein was similar to that of mRNA. The results of immunofluorescence analyzed by confocal microscopy showed that the localization of ARNT2 protein was in the nucleus. CONCLUSION: ARNT2 locate in nuclei of normal cerebellar granule neurons of rat. During the process of apoptosis evoked by low K +, both mRNA and protein of ARNT2 are overexpressed.

BACKGROUND:There are stil some controversies about lateral compression rotational y unstable pelvic ring injuries and fixed mode. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the pelvic stability of locking plate fixation pelvic reconstruction repairing lateral compression rotational y unstable pelvic ring injuries. METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 15 patients with unstable lateral compression rotational y unstable pelvic ring injuries treated with reconstruction locking plates fixation at Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital between November 2011 and November 2014. The Matta standard was used to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by Majeed score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fifteen patients were fol owed up for 12-44 months (mean 24 months). According to the standard of Matta, 11 cases were excel ent, 2 cases were good, 2 cases were average, 0 case poor, and the excel ent and good rate was 87%. According to Majeed functional assessment, clinical function outcomes were graded as 9 cases excel ent, 3 cases good, 1 case average, 1 case poor;excel ent and good rate was 80%. There were no patient loss of reduction and internal fixation failure among these 15 patients in the final fol ow-up. No iatrogenic neurovascular injury occurred. Incision superficial infection was detected in 2 patients with a Morel-Laval ee lesion after subjecting to double-tube continuous negative pressure drainage, and healed after wound management. A large area of infection and skin necrosis did not occur. These results confirm that pelvic universal reconstruction locking plates in repair of lateral compression rotational y unstable pelvic ring injuries can maintain a strong and effective fixation. We should pay much attention to the cases of pelvic fractures combined with soft tissue injury around the pelvis.

Objective To provide more convincing evidences and experimental data for exploring vanillin derivative BVAN08,6-bromine-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde,as a new anticancer drug,and to investigate the effect on the growth,radiosensitization of human glioma cell line U-251 and the relative mechanism.Methods The effect of BVAN08 on cell proliferation of U-251 and radiosensitivity to 60Co γ-rays (irradiation dose rate 2.3 Gy/min) were analyzed with MTT and colony-forming ability assay.Change in cellular morphology was observed by using light microscope.Change in cell cycle and apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry.The autophagy was observed by using TEM (irradiation dose rate is transmission electron microscope).DNA-PKcs protein level was detected through Western blot analysis.Results BVAN08 exhibited a dose- and time-dependent inhibition on the proliferation of U-251 cells during the concentration range of 10-100 mol/L (t = 1.83-3.07,P ＜ 0.05).IC50 at 48 h and 72 h after administration with BVAN08 were 55.3 and 52.7 mol/L,respectively.Obvious G2/M arrest was induced in U-251 cells after 4 h administration with BVAN08,and reached peak at 12 h.The G2/M population reached 63.3% in U-251 cells after 12 h administration of 60 μmol/L BVAN08 and kept increasing with the time,while both apoptosis and autophagic cell death were induced.The most effective radiosensitization time for BVAN08 treatment was 12 h before irradiation.The enhancement ratio of radiosensitivity was 3.14 for 20 μmol/L of BVAN08 12 h before 2 Gy irradiation.Conclusions BVAN08 can nduce apoptosis as well as autophygic cell death of U-251 cells,and sensitize U-251 cells.The mechanism of its radiosensitizing effect might be associated with the induction of G2/M arrest and inhibition of DNA-PKcs expression.BVAN08 seemed to be a romising radiosensitizing anticancer drug.