0.05).Conclusion Negative peak of click sound-induced myogenic reflex potentials on masseter muscle could be of vestibular origin.We have established an ideal animal model of the acoustically evoked vestibulo-masseter reflex by using a metal clip to maintain masseter muscle tension between the jaw and skull.

Objective To investigate effect of mild hypothermia on changes of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and synaptophysin mRNA level after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine hypothermia-induced neuroprotection.Methods Forty-five SD rats were allocated into mild hypothermia group,TBI group and sham operation group with 15 rats per group according to the random number table.Left-side fluid percussion impact was performed to induce models of TBI.Rats were exposed to hypothermia environment (32-35℃) for 6 hours in mild hypothermia group after TBI.Rats in sham operation group were treated by only drilling on left side of the head,rather than hitting.To evaluate function outcome,modified neurological severity score (mNSS),SEP and synaptophysin mRNA level were measured at 6 hours,24 hours and 7 days postinjury.Results The mNSS in mild hypothermia group lowered compared with TBI group,especially at 24 hours and 7 days (P ＜ 0.05).SEP in mild hypothermia group was significantly shortened at 6 and 24 hours compared with TBI group (P ＜ 0.05),but SEP revealed no significant difference among the 3 groups at 7 days (P ＞ 0.05).Level of synaptophysin mRNA in mild hypothermia group increased at 6 hours postinjury compared with TBI group [(0.08 ± 0.02) vs (0.12 ±0.04)],with further increase at 7 days postinjury[(0.06 ± 0.01) vs (0.33 ± 0.10)] (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The shortage of nerve conduction time of the injured side and promotion of nerve regeneration suggest the neuroprotective role of mild hypothermia following TBI.

Objective To investigate effect of taurine on respiration chain enzyme activity of mitochondria 24 hours after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats.Methods Fifty-six SD rats were divided into sham group,TBI group,taurine treatment group,and taurine prevention group according to the random number table,with 14 rats per group.Fluid percussion brain injury models were used.Via the caudal vein,normal saline was administered to animals in sham and traumatic brain injury groups immediately after injury,while taurine (200 mg/kg)was administered to animals in taurine treatment group after injury and in taurine prevention group 4 days before injury.Brains were harvested 24 hours postinjury for assays of HE staining and electron microscopy.Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅰ-Ⅴ activities were detected.Results TBI group presented swelling neurocytes,cell loss,karyopyknosis,shortened even vanished process,and inflammation cell infiltration at the edge of necrosis in HE staining.By contrast,morphological improvement was significant in taurine treatment group but only some neurons were intact in taurine prevention group.Swelling mitochondria and broken or vanished mitochondrial crests were seen in TBI group under the electron microscope.However,normal or minor swelling mitochondria was seen in taurine treatment group and cytoplasm slightly porous and absence of mitochondrial crests were seen in taurine prevention group.Activities of complex Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅴ were significant lower in TBI group (32.52±2.41,4.68 ±0.15,2.49 ±0.73) compared to those in sham group (34.03 ±0.46,5.04 ±0.29,3.20±0.68) and in taurine treatment group (33.95±0.85,5.12-±0.23,3.53 ±0.48) (P＜0.05).And complex Ⅰ in taurine prevention group was significantly enhanced as well (34.44 ± 0.36,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Taurine may protect the brain tissues and mitochondrial structure from impairment in TBI rats by improving mitochondrial enzymes activity and reducing secondary energy loss.

Objective:To study the effects of effective herbs in Yinchenhao Decoction(YD)on fatty deposition and TNF-?secretion of hepatic lipo-toxicity model in vitro.Methods:TG and TNF-?as the inspection target,apply the steatosis with TNF-?secretion lipo-toxicity model in vitro of HepG2 induced by long-chain FFA and uniform design U7(76)form for YD,which had 3 herbs,to compound 6 kinds of different prescriptions,in order to look for the effective herbs or optimized group in YD.Results:The Chinese medicine Yinchen and its optimized group-Yinchen and Zhizi combination can remarkably reduce the TG and TNF-?content.Conclusion:The Chinese medicine Yinchen and its optimized group-Yinchen and Zhizi combination were effective herbs in YD for inhibiting fatty deposition and TNF-?secretion of hepatic lipo-toxicity model in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effect of taurine transporter in the process of protection of brain edema in rats with severe traumatic head injury. Methods A total of 24 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Except the control rats (Group Sham), all other three groups were subjected to lateral fluid percussion head injury. The TBI (Traumatic brain injury) models (Group TBI) and surgical control rats (Group Sham) were injected with saline through caudal vein after surgery, while the Taurine prevention and Taurine treatment models (Group Pre Tau and Group Tau) were injected with 120 g/L taurine solution before or after surgeries respectively. Water content in each brain, mRNA and protein expres?sion of aquaporin 4 and taurine transporter in the injured rat brain hemispheres were all evaluated over the time course of the study (7 d) in each group. Results Compared with rats in Group Sham, water content in each brain increase, mRNA tran?scription and protein expression of AQP4 were both up regulated but the mRNA transcription and protein expression of TauT were both down-regulated in rats in TBI group. Compared with rats in TBI group, brain water content, mRNA transcription and protein expression of AQP4 all decrease while mRNA transcription and protein expression of TauT all increase in rats in Pre tau and Tau groups. There is no statistical difference of TauT expression between rats in pre-tau group and Tau group. Conclusion Taurine exert its neuron protection role through draining water content from brain and down regulating expres?sion of AQP4 but rising expression of TauT after TBI.

Objective To study the expression of serum interleukin (IL )-6 and IL-10 in sepsis patients ,and their correlations with immune function .Methods A total of 56 patients with sepsis were divided into three groups ,including 18 patients in sepsis group ,21 patients in severe sepsis group ,17 patients in septic shock group .All the patients were also divided into survivor and death group according to whether they survived within 2 weeks .Other 30 healthy persons were selected in the control group .Serum IL-6 and IL-10 ,CD4+ /CD8+ were detected and compared .Results Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the three sepsis groups were significantly higher than those in control group ,and with the severity aggravating ,these indicators increased .The level of serum IL-6 in sepsis patients was significantly reduced at the 3rd day ,while there was no difference on the serum IL-10 in severe sepsis group and septic shock group compared with that at admission(P>0 .05) .Compared with survivor group ,serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels on both admission and the 3rd in death groups increased significantly (P<0 .05) .CD4+ ,CD8+ ,CD4+ /CD8+ were negative related with serum IL-6 and IL-10 in both severe sepsis and septic shock group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in patients with sepsis are over-expressive ,and closely related with disease activity and immune function .

In order to improve the clinical skills of medical students,the First Clinical School of Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology strengthened the construction of teaching base,teaching materials,teaching team,curriculum and assessment methods,and established a comprehensive experimental teaching system of clinical skills.

Objective: To investigate the screen exposure status and influencing factors among 6-12 year-old children in Hainan Province, so as to provide insights into screen exposure intervention for children. Methods: Children aged 6-12 years from 18 counties (cities) in Hainan Province were selected using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from December 2020 to July 2021. Demographic information, parents' educational level, family type and screen time was collected using questionnaire surveys. The screen exposure rate of children was analyzed, and factors affecting screen exposure were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 27 501 children were surveyed, including 13 901 boys (50.55%) and 13 600 girls (49.45%). The mean age was (9.22±1.86) years. Among them, 3 925 children had screen exposure, with a screen exposure rate of 14.27%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (female, OR=0.859, 95%CI: 0.796-0.926), age (OR=1.078, 95%CI: 1.049-1.108), ethnicity (ethnic minorities, OR=1.147, 95%CI: 1.041-1.254), place of residence (rural area, OR=0.869, 95%CI: 0.801-0.944), father's educational level (high school or technical secondary school, OR=0.879, 95%CI: 0.788-0.981; college degree or above, OR=0.686, 95%CI: 0.589-0.818), mother's educational level (college degree or above, OR=0.706, 95%CI: 0.588-0.846), family type (others, OR=1.250, 95%CI: 1.105-1.414), and annual family income (>100 000 Yuan, OR=0.741, 95%CI: 0.619-0.885) were the influencing factors for screen exposure among children aged 6-12 years. Conclusion The screen exposure among children aged 6-12 years in Hainan Province was affected by gender, age, ethnicity, place of residence, parental education level, family type and annual family income.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression pattern of Mus81 gene in Chinese Han patients with colorectal cancer and analyze its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters and the tumor markers.

METHODSMus81 expression was detected using nested quantitative real-time PCR in the colorectal cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues from 43 Chinese Han patients. The correlations of Mus81 expression profile with the clinicopathological parameters and common tumor markers were evaluated.

RESULTSMus81 expression level was significantly lower in the colorectal cancer tissues than in the corresponding adjacent normal tissues (114.6 ± 68.0 vs 202.5 ± 109.0, P<0.001). Of the 43 patients, 32 (74.4%) showed down-regulated Mus81 expression, which correlated significantly with distant metastasis (P=0.043), high TNM stage (P=0.022) and high P53 protein expression (P=0.011) of the tumor.

CONCLUSIONDown-regulation of Mus81 in colorectal cancer is correlated with tumor metastasis and progression, suggesting the value of Mus81 as a potential marker for colorectal cancer in Chinese Han patients.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Disease Progression ; Down-Regulation ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVE: To explore the difference of mitochondrial DNA 4,834 bp deletion mutation in tissues of inner ear, kidney and skeletal muscle and to discuss the possible mechanism of this kind of mutation in doxorubicin induced mtDNA 4,834 bp deletion mutation rat model. METHOD: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, one was experimental group (18 rats), the other was the blank control group (10 rats). The rats of experimental group were treated with intraperitoneal injection doxorubicin (1 mg/kg) twice a week for 3 months. The blank controls received an equivalent volume of saline instead. The tissues of inner ear, kidney and skeletal muscle were harvested and the mitochondrial DNA 4,834 bp deletion mutation was detected by nested-PCR (nested polymers chain reaction) technique. The product of PCR was sequenced directly. RESULT: Two rats of the experimental group and the blank group died during the experiment. The frequency of the mitochondrial DNA 4,834 bp deletion mutation of inner ear, kidney and skeletal muscle were 68.75% (11/16), 75.00% (12/16) and 100.00% (16/16) respectively. The difference of this kind of mutation between tissues of the inner ear and the skeletal muscle was statistic significance (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between the inner ear tissue and the kidney tissue (P > 0.05). None of the rats of the blank control group carry this kind of mitochondrial DNA mutation. CONCLUSION The mitochondrial DNA 4,834 bp deletion mutation could be induce by doxorubicin in rats, and a notable difference were found of the frequencies of this kind of mutation between tissues of the inner ear and the skeletal muscle. So it suggested that this kind of mitochondrial DNA common deletion mutation was tissue specific.
Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Doxorubicin ; toxicity ; Ear, Inner ; Gene Deletion ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sequence Deletion ; drug effects