Objective To study the relationship between the oncosis of pancreatic acinar cells and activa-tion of macrophage in rat model of acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods The pancreatic acinar cells were isolated by two-step enzyme digestion, and then they were divided into control group, AP group and test group. Pancreatic acinar cells were cultured with caerulein in AP group, with caerulein and endothelin in test group, and with culture medium in control group. The oncesis rate of the pancreatic acinar cells was detected after acridine orange and ethidium bromide fluorescent staining. The supernatant was collected to detect the release of amylase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The macrophages were cultured with 1 ml of supematant for 6 hours, and then the protein level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was measured by ELISA. Results Few oncotic pancreatic acinar cells were observed in the control group, and the levels of amylase and LDH secreted by pancreatic acinar cells and TNF-α secreted by macrophage were (1175±165)kU/L, (846±118)U/L and (36±5)μg/L, respectively. Oncotic pancreatic acinar cells were observed in AP group, and the levels of amylase, LDH and TNF-α were (7130±680) kU/L, (4262±626) U/L and (155±18) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in control group (t = 5.184, 4.277, 3.665, P < 0.05). The levels of amylase, LDH and TNF-α were even higher in test group, and they were (9240±1177) kU/L, (6937±893)U/L and (268±35)μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in AP group (t = 2.251, 2.825, 2.843, P < 0.05). Conclusions The release of amylase was changed as the oncosis of pancreatic acinar cells occurred. The secretion of TNF-α was along with the degree of oncosis of pancreatic acinar cells. The results of the study indicate that a relationship exists among the inflammatory response of macrophage, the release of contents of pancreatic acinar cells and the oncosis of the pancreatic acinar cells.

Objective To study the protective effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ucMSCs)against severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats.Methods A total of 135 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into Sham group,SAP group and SAP+ucMSCs group (45 each).SAP+ucMSCs group:Severe acute pancreatitis was induced by injecting 5％ sodium taurocholate (0.1ml/100g) into the common bilio-pancreatic duct and then CM-DiI-labeled ucMSCs at 1 × 107cells/kg were injected via the tail vein.All the rats were sacrificed 12,24 and 72 hours after SAP.The 72h death rate was counted.Pathological changes in the pancrease were detected by HE staining and pathological score was graded,ucMSCs colonization was observed by fluorescence microscopy.The serum levels of amylase,lipase,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-4 and IL-10 were determined by ELISA.Results ucMSCs colonize the injured area of pancreatic tissue,the 72h death rate was reduced,and the serum amylase and lipase were also reduced significantly.Moreover,ucMSCs significantly reduced the pathological score of the pancrea and the level of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β),but the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were increased (IL-4 and IL-10).Conclusion Transplantation of ucMSCs can reduce the severity of pancreatic injury and inflammation in SAP rats.

Objective To detective the carcinogenesis and operation principle of cyst canceration after internal drainage(ID) operation for congenital choledocal cyst (CCC).Methods The clinical data of 25 patients with cyst carcinoma after ID operation for CCC in the past 28 years were analysed retrospectively.Results The total canceration rate after internal drainage of CCC were 30.49%(25/82); after cystoduodenostomy was 35.29%(14/51),after cystojejunostomy was 22.58%(11/31), respectively. In the 25 cases, three of them were operated with Wipple operation , 4 with tumour resection plus biliary reconstrustion operation, 4 local resection with external drainage ,14 with external drainage only. Conclusions Internal drainage of CCC should be aborted becaus of the high canceration rate after the operation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood fibrinogen (FIB) content before and after chemotherapy or radiotherapy in 43 malignant tumor patients.

METHODSCOULTER ACL-200 automated coagulation analyzer was used in monitoring FIB in the patients.

RESULTSThe FIB content was significantly higher in malignant tumor patients than that in benign disease patients. Significant reduction was observed after treatment which became elevated again when there was recurrence or metastasis.

CONCLUSIONAssessment of FIB not only helps to diagnose cancers but evaluate the therapeutic effect and prognosis also.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; blood ; radiotherapy ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE: To explore the exact mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD) induced by Type II anti-CD20 mAb in CD20+ non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cells, and to provide theoretical basis for anti-tumor ability of new CD20 mAb.
 METHODS: After incubation with Rituximab (a Type I anti-CD20 mAb) and Tositumomab (a Type II anti-CD20 mAb), Raji cells were stained by annexin V & propidium iodide (PI). The ratio of programmed death cells were measured by two channel flow cytometry (FCM). Before the treatment of anti-CD20 mAbs, Raji cells was incubated with a caspase inhibitor carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]- fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD-FMK) and a dihydroceramide synthase inhibitor fumonisin B1 (FB1) for 30 minutes to assess their inhibitory effect on PCD. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized to compare the ratio of programmed death cells between the pretreatment group (treated by Rituximab and Tositumomab) and the non-pretreatment group. The anti-CD20 mAbs-treated Raji cells were collected, and the ceramide levels in the Raji cells in the different pretreatment groups were also examined by HPLC, and the inhibitory effect of FB1 on the changes of ceramide levels in the Raji cells was measured. The Raji cells were incubated with different concentration C2-ceramide, C2-Ceramide-induced PCD was also evaluated by annexin V & PI staining after 16 hours. 
 RESULTS: Tositumomab (10 µg/mL) but not Rituximab (10 µg/mL) can induce significant PCD (28.6±4.2)% in Raji cells, with significant difference (t=26.48, P<0.01), which cannot be blocked by Z-VAD-FMK with a concentration range from 10 to 30 µmol/L (F=3.01, P>0.05). The cellular ceramide levels in Raji cells were significantly elevated after the treatment of Tositumomab (t=28.48, P<0.01). C2-ceramide can significantly induce PCD in Raji cells in a dose-dependent manner with a concentration range from 5 to 40 µmol/L (F=2.71, P>0.05). The dihydroceramide synthase inhibitor FB1 can significantly inhibit the elevated cellular ceramide levels (F=20.18, P<0.01) and cell programmed death induced by Tositumomab (F=17.02, P<0.01).
 CONCLUSION Type II but not Type I anti-CD20 mAbs can induce caspase independent PCD in CD20+ NHL cells through the elevation of cellular ceramide levels. The PCD is not associated with classic caspase pathway.
Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Rituximab ; pharmacology ; Sphingosine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of recombinant human interleukin 11 (rhIL-11) on platelet recovery after peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and its side-effects. 20 patients with hematologic malignancies treated by allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) were randomly divided into test and control groups. The patients in test group were treated with rhIL-11 since the day 6 after PBSCT, while the patients in control group were given supporting treatment. The results showed that the average time of the platelet to recover to 20 x 10(9)/L was 22.8 days in test group and 27.3 days in control group (p < 0.01). The average time for platelet to recover to 50 x 10(9)/L was 25.7 days in test group, and 32.3 days in control group (p < 0.01). The average number of megakaryocytes was 15.6 in test group, and 7.8 in control group on day 30 after PBSCT (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the rhIL-11 is able to accelerate platelet recovery after peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-11 ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Platelet Count ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of telbivudine for blocking mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in pregnant women with high viremia.

METHODSA total of 128 pregnant women with high HBV load (HBV DNA ≥ 1.0*10⁷ copies/ml and positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)) were enrolled in the study from January 2009 to January 2013 and divided into the following three groups:group A (n=42) treated with telbivudine at 12 weeks of gestation until postpartum 12 weeks; group B (n=41) treated with telbivudine at 20 to 28 weeks of gestation until postpartum 12 weeks; group C (n=45; control group) with no telbivudine treatment.All study participants were given compound giyeyrrhizin for liver protection. All infants born to the women from the three groups were vaccinated with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (200 IU) and the HBV vaccine (20 tg) ager birth. The mother-to-infant transmission of HBV was indicated by the presence of HBsAg in infants at 7 months after birth.The maternal HBV DNA levels of the women in the three groups were statistically compared with the HBsAg positive rates in their neonates.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in the HBV DNA levels between the three groups before treatment (P more than 0.05). The pre-delivery level of HBV DNA in group A (0.553 ± 1.588 log10 copies/ml) and in group B (0.486 ± 1.429 log10 copies/ml) was significantly decreased compared to that in group C (7.698 ± 0.255 log10 copies/ml) (both P < 0.01).The post-delivery (12 weeks) level of HBV DNA in group A (0.381 ± 1.116 log10 copies/ml) and in group B (0.335 ± 1.073 log10 copies/ml) was significantly decreased compared to that in group C (7.728 ± 0.277 log10 copies/ml) (both P < 0.01).There were no significant differences in the HBV DNA levels between group A and group B (P > 0.05). No infants in group A or group B were HBsAg-positive,while the HBsAg-positive rote was 17.4% in group C (P=0.012; P=0.015).

CONCLUSIONSTelbivudine treatment starting from the 12th week of gestation or from the 20-28th week of gestation can significantly decrease the serum HBV DNA level in peripheral blood of pregnant women with high viremia and reduce the infection rate of HBV in their neonates.

Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; Thymidine ; analogs & derivatives ; Viremia

Background/Aims: The accuracy of endosonographers in diagnosing gastric subepithelial lesions (SELs) using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is influenced by experience and subjectivity. Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved remarkable development in this field. This study aimed to develop an AI-based EUS diagnostic model for the diagnosis of SELs, and evaluated its efficacy with external validation. Methods: We developed the EUS-AI model with ResNeSt50 using EUS images from two hospitals to predict the histopathology of the gastric SELs originating from muscularis propria. The diagnostic performance of the model was also validated using EUS images obtained from four other hospitals. Results: A total of 2,057 images from 367 patients (375 SELs) were chosen to build the models, and 914 images from 106 patients (108 SELs) were chosen for external validation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the model for differentiating gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and non-GISTs in the external validation sets by images were 82.01%, 68.22%, 86.77%, 59.86%, and 78.12%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy in the external validation set by tumors were 83.75%, 71.43%, 89.33%, 60.61%, and 80.56%, respectively. The EUS-AI model showed better performance (especially specificity) than some endosonographers.The model helped improve the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of certain endosonographers. Conclusions We developed an EUS-AI model to classify gastric SELs originating from muscularis propria into GISTs and non-GISTs with good accuracy. The model may help improve the diagnostic performance of endosonographers. Further work is required to develop a multi-modal EUS-AI system.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)_AK096792 as a clinical predictor of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Methods: All the cord blood(2-5 mL) of very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants born in Huai′an First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University were collected from December 1, 2015 to December 1, 2017.Moreover, the peripheral blood(2 mL) of those VLBW infants diagnosed with BPD was also collected.A total of 36 infants with BPD were collected.Another 36 cases of premature children with VLBW were chosen as control group according to random number table.The relative content of lncRNA_AK096792 in cord blood and peripheral blood was detected by using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Additionally, the correlation of lncRNA_AK096792 levels between cord and peripheral blood of BPD infants was analyzed.The sensitivity and specificity of lncRNA_AK096792 for BPD were analyzed by using receiver operating curve test. Results: (1)LncRNA_AK096792 was a common, evolutionarily conserved, non-coding RNA present in both mouse and human.(2) The expression level of lncRNA_AK096792 in peripheral blood was significantly higher than that in cord blood in BPD group[(463.3±352.0)% vs.(50.0±37.5)%], and the difference was significant(P<0.001), and they were highly correlated (r=0.825, P<0.001). (3) The level of lncRNA_AK096792 in cord blood in BPD group was signi-ficantly higher than that in non-BPD group [(484.3±280.5)% vs.(101.2±28.6)%], and the difference was significant(P<0.001). (4)When lncRNA_AK096792 served as a clinical predictor for BPD, the specificity was 83.3%, the sensitivity was 75.6%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.88(P<0.001). Conclusions LncRNA_AK096792 is highly correlated with the development of BPD.The level of lncRNA_AK096792 in umbilical cord blood of premature infants can be used as an early predictive marker for BPD, it calls for further study.