OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the economic effects of artesunate(ART)versus Quinine MAX(QUI)in treating malaria.METHODS:A total of 64 patients with malaria were randomly assigned to receive ART or QUI for 7 days,with cost-minimization analysis conducted on the 2 therapeutic scheme.RESULTS:The average cost for ART vs.QUI scheme was 341 yuan vs.485 yuan,showing significant differences between the 2 schemes(P0.05).CONCLUSION:The artesunate is preferable compared with QUI and could be popularized in poverty-striken area such as Africa.

ObjiectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicineShuxin-Huoxue decoction on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled trial. 86 patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris and conformed to the indusive criteria were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group, with 43 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine, the treatment group was treated with traditional Chinese medicineShuxin-Huoxue decoction. Serum homocysteine (Hcy) was measured by enzymatic cycling assay, high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured by immunotubidimetric assay and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI) were measured by color doppler echocardiography before and after treatment. The clinical effect of the two groups was evaluated.ResultsThe total effective rate of the treatment group and the control group was 90.7% (39/43) and 74.4% (32/43) respectively,there was significant difference (χ2=3.957,P=0.047). Followed up for 4 weeks, LVEF(65.7% ± 8.7% vs. 61.5% ± 8.4%,t=2.277), SV(86.9 ± 16.8 ml vs.79.2 ± 16.5 ml,t=2.144), CO(49.3 ± 9.1 ml/m2 vs. 44.7 ± 8.8 ml/m2,t=2.383), CI (3.7 ± 0.9 L/min?m2 vs. 3.3 ± 0.7 L/min?m2,t=2.301) of the treatment group were significantly improved after treatment than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the decrease of serum Hcy  (8.7± 3.7mmol/L vs. 11.4± 3.5mmol/L,t=3.476), hs-CRP (2.7± 1.1 mg/L vs. 3.5± 1.3 mg/L,t=3.081) level of the treatment group were better than those of the control group(P<0.01).ConclusionTraditional Chinese medicineShuxin-Huoxue decoction has good therapeutic effect on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.

Objective To study the effects of Semen Cassiae extract on lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemia model mice.Methods In this experiment,mice were sc injected with two different concentration of Semen Cassiae extract,and sacrificed at 1,2,and 4 h.The blood samples were withdrawn from the eye vein.The plasma biochemical indexes were detected by using the kit,and real time PCR was used to analyze the expression of adipogenesis genes with time series.Results For hyperlipidemia model mice treated with Semen Cassiae extract serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) could be decreased significantly(P

The difference in serum calcium levels between patients with typical hyperthyroidism and apathetic hyperthyroidism was analyzed. Serum calcium levels in patients with apathetic hyperthyroidism were higher than those in patients with typical hyperthyroidism, while bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels were lower. The atypical manifestation of apathetic hyperthyroidism may be due to the significant elevation of serum calcium level.

Objective To investigate the changes of dopamine-?-hydroxylase(DBH) and activator protein 2-?(AP-2?) expression in spinal cord under the condition of stress or pain stimulation,so as to explore the mechanism for changes of noradrenergic(NA) neurons in the spinal cord of rat pain model.Methods Immunohistochemical staining,double immunofluorescent staining,Western blotting and computing-image analysis system were used to detect the changes of DBH/AP-2? expression in the spinal cord of formalin-induced rat pain model.Results A small number of DBH-positive neurons were sparsely distributed in the ventral horn of the normal spinal cord,while in the formalin-treated group,much more darkly-stained DBH-positive neurons appeared primarily in the ventral horn,intermediate zone,and the dorsal horn,which reached the highest level on day 3 after formalin-injection.The grey value and number of DBH-positive neurons on day 7 after injection began to decrease,but still higher than that in the control group.Compared with control group,the number of noradrenergic neurons in spinal cord of formalin-treated rat was increased significantly,which was also confirmed by Western blotting.Double immunofluorescent staining showed that DBH and AP-2? co-existed in the cells of the spinal cord.The changes of AP-2? expression were similarly to that of DBH in the spinal cord of rat pain model.Conclusion Our results indicated that some non-noradrenergic neurons with different chemical properties might convert into noradrenergic neurons under pain stimulation;noradrenaline may be involved in the formalin-induced pain and behavior regulation;As one of transcription factors,AP-2? may promote the DBH synthesis.

Objective To observe the expressions of AQP9 and AQP9 mRNA in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats after moderate traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods The moderate TBI model was established according to Feeney's method.At different time points after TBI,the degree of cerebral ischemia by TTC staining,the expressions of AQP9 and its mRNA in brain by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR respectively were performed.Results No obvious ischemia in brain was found 6 h after TBI,but gradually the ischemic focus enlarged,and reached the maximum 72 h after TBI.The expressions of AQP9 and its mRNA were similar,increasing significantly 3 h after TBI,decreasing 6 h after TBI,then increasing again at 24 h in bilateral cerebral cortex and the hippocampus and reaching the maximum 48 h or 72 h after TBI.Conclusion The increased expression of AQP9 after TBI is involved in the stress of early TBI and in later brain energy metabolism.

[Summary] The genotypes of rs6832151 in the 4p14 were genotyped by Taqman probe technique on FluidigmEPl platform in 617 patients with Graves′disease( GD) and 4 915 health control subjects. The result showed thatRs6832151 Gin4p14wasstronglyassociatedwithGD(OR=1.39,P<0.01),withstatisticalsignificancefor three genetic models according to the locus genotyping ( additive model,dominant model,and recessive model,all P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the sizes of goiter between the genotype subgroups(P>0. 05). The result suggests that rs6832151 G in 4p14 is the susceptibility genes of Graves′ disease in Bengbu population, and is related to the high risk of GD.

During rescue operations in case of armed conflicts in cities , terrorist attacks and public health emergencies , rescuers are always in danger .For this reason, search for and rescue robots have been used to search and evacuate the wounded .They have also become a hot issue in current robotics technology research ,promising a wide range of applications in civilian and military fields .This paper outlines the origin of rescue robot research ,course of development and classifica-tion, focuses on the developments of and future research of the U .S army on evacuation and rescue robots ,and finally pres-ents the problems and key technical difficulties facing the development of such robots .This paper is interded to improve re-search methods and design theories of rescue robotics .

Objective To evaluate the funding and output of pancreatitis related projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC),and provide suggestions for the funding strategy in the field of pancreatitis research.Methods Database of funded projects and completion reports of NSFC between 1990 and 2012 were retrieved.The number of grants,amount of grants,types,contents,and paper output of funded projects were respectively analyzed.Results From 2000 to 2012,114 projects involving pancreatitis were funded by NSFC,including 71 general programs (62.3％),8 regional programs,34 youth programs (29.8％),1 key program.The total fund during 2011-2012 reached 25.44 million RMB for pancreatitis research,which was 2.76 times higher than that of 2000-2010.According to PubMed search,93 SCI papers funded by NSFC were published during 2011-2012,which was 2.07 times more than that of 2000-2010.The researches mostly focused on molecular mechanism and therapeutic effect of acute pancreatitis,chronic pancreatitis and severe acute pancreatitis,which accounted for 61.4％ of all projects.Conclusions The number of grants,amount of grants,and NSFC funded SCI paper output of pancreatitis research have grown steadily,and it indicates that long-term funding of NSFC has played a positive role in promoting the development of clinical and basic research in the field of pancreatitis.

Objective To prepare RGD and TAT co-modified paclitaxel loaded liposome(RGD/TAT-LP-PTX)for A 549 cells targeting.Method The co-modified liposome was prepared by film-ultrasonic method. The appearance,particle size,Zeta potential were evaluated. The cellular uptake by A 549 cells in vitro was used to evaluate the targeting efficiency. The anti-proliferation efficiency of RGD/TAT-LP-PTX was evaluated by MTT assay. Results The particle diameter of the co-modified liposome was (118.5±11.4) nm with the Zeta potential of (21.58±2.42 )mV. The entrapment efficiency of PTX was 86.5%. The result demonstrated that the co-modified liposome uptaken by A 549 were 2.1, 2.8 times higher than that of TAT-LP and RGD-LP, respectively. The RGD/TAT-LP-PTX shows the highest anti-proliferation efficiency. Conclusion The co-modified liposome might serve as a promising tumor delivery system of antitumor drugs.