Immune system is a security guard to help human body repel or remove bacteria, viruses, parasites and other fore-ign invaders .But when some tissue components or the immune system itself become abnormal, it can not distinguish friend from foe accurately and may attack our own tissue then cause some clinical symptoms, leading to autoimmune diseases. Nearly 5 % of the world's population suffer from various autoimmune diseases. By now in addition to control the formation of autoantigens such as infection,tiredness, the main biologics used in clinic are immunoregulators to block pathological autoimmune response and then to create a new proper immune response. Recently, new biologics to treat autoimmune disease come into being one after another, and this article gives a brief overview about research progress in anti-autoimmune disease biologics.

Objective To evaluate the chnical effect of posterior decompression and shortsegment pedicle instrumentation treating for thoracolumbar fracture with neurologic deficits in different time intervals.Methods Seventy-nine cases of thoracolumbar fracture with neurologic deficits were treated with shortsegment pedicle instrumentation combined with decompression according to the injury and surgery patients with injury of different time interval were divided into ≤24 h group (41 cases) and ＞ 24 h group (38 cases),the curative effect was evaluated by imaging and nerve function recovery.Results Postoperative hospital stay were performed X-ray check,10-14 d after hospital discharge,were primary healing of incision.A total of 79 patients with thoracolumbar fracture combined with neurologic deficits were followed up for 23.5 (15-32) months averagely.Did not appear in the source sex procedure for postoperative infection,nerve injury and postoperative spinal cord injury aggravated phenomenon,not implants rupture,bending and screw loose phenomenon.There was significant difference at 3 d postoperative and the last follow-up in the rate of vertebral compression,cobb' s angle and spinal canal stenosis rate in two groups [≤ 24 h group:(7.9 ± 4.2)％,(8.5 ± 5.0)％ vs.(40.8 ± 8.4)％ and (3.9 ± 2.5)°,(4.2 ± 2.6)° vs.(28.1 ± 13.1)° ; ＞ 24 h group:(8.8 ± 4.8)％,(9.2 ± 4.8)％ vs.(41.7 ± 7.6)％ and (5.3 ± 2.6)°,(5.7 ± 2.7)° vs.(27.6 ± 12.1)°] (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The stenosis rate in two groups at 3 d postoperative was obviously better than preoperative[≤24 h group:(5.3 ± 1.5)％ vs.(41.4 ± 6.1)％; ＞ 24 h group:(6.8 ± 1.1)％ vs.(40.5 ± 5.4)％] (P ＜ 0.05),and ≤ 24 h group was superior to ＞ 24 h group,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).At the last follow-up,the neurological function with ASIA grade 1-2 level recovery,≤24 h group mean improved 1.4 level,and ＞ 24 h group mean improved 1.2 level.Conclusion The opertion of pedicle instrumentation combined with decompression with nerve function damage can rebuild spinal stability,favorable neural functional recovery.

Objective To test the hypothesis that attachment of synovial cell to &?2-microglobulin modified with advanced glycation end products (ACE-?2m) would affect cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation.Methods Normal human synovial cells (type B cells) were isolated and plated in culture dishes coated with AGE-?2m or with normal extracellular matrix proteins (EMP). Adhesion was analyzed by counting the isotope-labelled cells. Spreading was tested using a light microscope and proliferation determined by 3H-TdR incorporation and counting the number of cells. Results Synovial cells adhered less effectively to AGE-?2m, ?2m and AGE-collagen than to the normal EMP (collagen and fibronectin). Cells interacting with AGE-?2m, ?2m or AGE-collagen also demonstrated less extensive spreading throughout the examined time intervals (60-120 minutes after plating), and decreased 3H-TdR incorporation and cell numbers after 72 hours of plating when compared to cells interacting with normal EMP. Conchusion AGE-?2m in amyloid may alter synovial cell behavior in situ in ways which cods contribute to the development of dialysis-related amyloidodsis(DRA).

Objective The interleukin-1β (IL-13) expression in serum of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients was evaluated. To explore the significance of IL-1β in leukostasis and tissue infiltration by leukemic cells. Methods ELISA was used to investigate the contents of IL-1β in serum of 83 newly diagnosed with AML which contains 16 hyperleukocytic AML patients, and compared the IL-1β level between the hyperleukocytic AML group and non-hyperleukocytic AML group, the infiltrated group and non-infiltrated group. Results The content of IL-1β in AML serum [(88.23±36.30) pg/ml] was higher than that of in the control group[(29.56±15.53) pg/ml], with significant difference (P ＜0.01). There was a higher level for IL-1β in hyperleukocytic AML group[(136.67±65.68) pg/ml] than in non-hyperleukocytic AML group [(69.85±48.35) pg/ml],and there was a significant difference. IL-13 and peripheral blood cells were in linear correlation (r=0.74, P ＜0.01). There was a higher level for IL-1β in infiltrated group[(111.31 ±57.35) pg/ml] than in the other group [(79.68±43.42) pg/ml], and there was a significant difference. Conclusion The IL-1β may play an important role in leukostasis and tissue infiltration by leukemic cells in AML.

Objective To explore the correlation of the indoor carbon monoxide concentration and chronic diseases by monitoring the indoor carbon monoxide concentration timely.Methods Collected the data of non-traumatic patients(n=80)from July 201 1 to January 2014,and assigned them into the experiment group with carbon monoxide concentration measured and the control group without measured.All the subjects were further divided into one group with complaint of carbon monoxide poisoning and the other one without.For patients exposed to high concentration of carbon monoxide,carboxyhemoglobin was also measured and APACHEⅡ was scaled,and the relationship between them was analyzed.The confirmation and misdiagnosis rate of carbon monoxide poison-ing were calculated.For the patients with acute exacerbation of chronic diseases like chronic cardiac failure,chronic obstructive pul-monary disease,cerebral infarction induced by carbon monoxide poisoning,BNP,CAT and NIHSS were documented on admission and during follow-up with removal of carbon monoxide exposure and compared respectively.Results The relationship between blood carboxyhemoglobin,APACHEⅡ scores on admission and indoor carbon monoxide concentration was linear,and obviously positive.Between the experiment group(n=40)and the control group(n=40),there was significant difference(P <0.05)in confirma-tion rate and misdiagnosis rate with 80.00% vs.55.00% and 6.25% vs.81.80% respectively.For the 54 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning diagnosed,the changes between before and after removal of carbon monoxide exposure of the CAT scores of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and NIHSS score of CI disease and myoglobin,troponin I,creatine kinase isoenzyme,BNP for chronic cardiac failure were significantly different(P <0.01).Conclusion The indoor carbon monoxide concentration may indicate the severity of carbon monoxide poi-soning,which could increase the confirmation rate of carbon monoxide poisoning,and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.It is helpful to identify carbon monoxide exposure,the common inducing factor,so as to improve the patients′clinical symptoms.

In this study, we prepared various matrices of hydrogel patches and studied their cross-linking mechanism by observing their rheological properties, which could provide theoretical basis and deep technical support for further industrial development of hydrogel patch. Rheology method was used to do the amplitude scanning and single-frequency scanning for various hydrogel matrix, under the condition of oscillation mode of the rheometer. Then the linear viscoelastic region, composite modulus value, as well as changes in slope with time of the composite modulus and phase angle of various hydrogel matrix were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the stability of matrix was mainly determined by hydrogel frame; only in acidic environment, the cross-linking reaction between cross-linker and hydrogel frame can occur; elasticity of matrix can be decreased by organic acid and the effect level was related to the ratio of the number of carboxyl and hydroxyl (-COO(-)/-OH) in adjusters: if the ratio was not equal, the higher -COO(-)/-OH in adjusters would be the less elasticity of matrix decreased; the cross-linking speed of matrix was determined by adjuster, the cross-linking speed of matrix contain different adjusters was ranged in following order: matrix containing tartaric acid > matrix containing lactic acid > matrix containing malic acid > matrix containing citric acid; the cross-linking speed of matrix was not uniform in the whole cross-linking process.

BACKGROUND:The non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were widely used to prevent heterotopic bone formation following total hip arthroplasty (THA),however,its efficacy and safety is poorly understood.OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy and safety of postoperative NSAIDs therapy in patients undergoing THA using Meta analysis.METHODS:The databases of PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Chinese biomedical literature,CNKI,VIP as well as bibliographies of retrieved articles were researched for randomized controlled trials comparing NSAID versus control after THA,and the data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.0.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 13 randomized controlled trials totaling 4706 participants were included.The result of meta analysis showed that low dose aspirin did not significantly affect the incidence of heterotopic bone formation (HBF) [RR=0.99,95% CI (0.87,1.14) rather than medium to high dose NSAIDs [RR=0.44,95% CI(0.30,0.64),there was no significant difference between two group in hip pain and physical function,the incidence of HBF was 16.0% in NSAID-group and 11.1% in 7 Gy group.Apart from low dose aspirin,medium to high doses of postoperative NSAIDs produce a substantial reduction in the incidence of HBF at the cost of minor high gastrointestinal side effect.Limited evidence showed there were no significant differences between the groups for improvements in hip pain and physical function,7 Gy fraction is more effective than use of NSAID.

Objective To investigate the feasibility, safety and technical superiority of mechanical thrombectomy using a direct aspiration first-pass thrombectomy (ADAPT) in treatment of patients with acute cerebral artery occlusion. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on all patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy in our institution from January 2013 to August 2016.Patients using ADAPT or stent retriever as a first-line endovascular procedure were compared for clinical characteristics, procedural variables and clinical outcomes. The technical superiority of ADAPT was analyzed in depth. Results During observation period, a total of 91 cases were performed endovascular treatment with mechanical thrombectomy. ADAPT was designed in 46 cases as a first-line endovascular procedure and was utilized in 38 cases (82.6%;ADAPT group), while primary stent retriever thrombectomy was performed in 21 patients(stent group). There was no significant difference in baseline clinical or radiographic factors between ADAPT and stent groups. Although rates of good neurological outcome (modified Rankin Scale(mRS) score≤2) at 90 days were similar between the ADAPT and stent groups (61%(23/38) vs 48%(10/21), P=0.247), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at seven days (6.0(2.0, 9.3) vs 9.0(5.5, 18.5),Z=-2.031,P=0.021) and full recovery rate of neurological outcome (mRS score=0, 37%(14/38) vs 10%(2/21), P=0.022) were significantly better in the ADAPT group than in the stent group. There were no significant differences in rates of embolus to new territory (21%(8/38) vs 29%(6/21), P=0.365), Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2b/3 grade revascularization (84%(32/38) vs 81%(17/21), P=0.507) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (0%(0/38) vs 10%(2/21), P=0.123) between the ADAPT and the stent groups, but the figures were better in the ADAPT group. Conclusions Mechanical thrombectomy using ADAPT is feasible and safe compared with stent retriever, with higher full recovery rate of neurological outcome and better NIHSS score.It is a method worthy of further exploration for endovascular mechanical recanalization.

Objective To observe the expression of chemokine (MCP-1) and chemokine receptor (CCR2) in bone marrow cells,bone marrow stromal cells of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Methods 15 cases were diagnosed by domestic uniform standard for MM patients,7 cases of male,8 cases of female,age range from 38 to 67 years,mean age 53.7 years old.According to the Durie-Salmon staging system,patients were divided into Ⅰ (2 cases),Ⅱ (5 cases) and Ⅲ period(8 cases).Control group were from 10 cases of non-malignant blood disease patients.MCP-1,CCR2 expression were measured by flow cytometry.Results Almost 14 cases of bone marrow cells expressed MCP-1and CCR2 in MM patients,while in the control group,bone marrow cells almost did not express MCP-1and CCR2.Stromal cells had similar MCP-1and CCR2 expression profile (68.17 ％ vs 4.27 ％. P＜0.05).Tumor cells of MCP-1/CCR2 expression rates were 3.25 ％ and 32.76 ％. Compared MCP-1/ CCR2 expression of stromal cells and tumor cells with different stages of disease, the activated stage and the stable stage had similar level (68.71％ and 32.76 ％ vs 70.12 ％ and 53.39 ％. P＞0.05). Conclusion Most patients with MM bone marrow were expressed MCP-1and CCR2.MCP-1and CCR2 are the major MM cell surface expression of chemokine/receptor, which play important roles in the progress of.

Objective To assess effects of stress dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) combined with coronary CT angiography (CCTA) on the diagnosis of myocardial perfusion defects in coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients with CAD diagnosed by CCTA underwent ATP stress CT-MPI examination. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) was performed within one week and set as the reference standard. CT-MPI results were qualitatively analyzed, and myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial blood volume (MBV) as well as time to peak (TTP) were quantified according to CT-MPI. Effects of CCTA, CT-MPI, and CT-MPI combined with CCTA on predicting myocardial perfusion defects were assessed in comparison with NMPI. Results Thirty patients [(54.8±8.4)years] were enrolled in our study, 20 were men (68%). MBF [(79.3±18.0) versus (135.1± 35.2) ml·100 ml-1·min-1] and MBV [(8.9±2.9) versus (13.8±8.9) ml/100 ml] were significantly decreased in hypoperfused segments compared with normal segments, while TTP was increased in hypoperfused segments [(13.9 ± 2.5)s] compared with normal segments [(9.1 ± 2.1)s] (t=0.302, 0.866 and 0.024 respectively, all P values<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity of CT-MPI for identifying segments with perfusion defects were 91.3%(147/161), 84.6%(281/332), respectively. On a per-vessel basis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 0.635(95%CI:0.517—0.753) for CCTA, 0.709(95%CI:0.599—0.819)for CT-MPI, and 0.837(95%CI:0.749—0.925)for CT-MPI combined with CCTA, respectively. Conclusions The performance of stress dynamic CT-MPI in the diagnosis of myocardial perfusion defects in CAD was good. One-stop examination of CT-MPI combined with CCTA improves the diagnostic accuracy for identifying flow-obstructing stenosis.