The authors have determined the effects of 261-B_2-3 and C_(12)b_3-2, extracts two strains of Alternaria alternata, on the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) activity and the progression of cell proliferating cycle of human peripheral lymphocytes. The methods used in the experiment were selective silver staining of human NORs and cytophotometry. The result showed that the number of chromosomes bearing Ag-NORs was meaningly decreased when the cells were treated with different concentrations of 261-B_2-3 and C_(12)-b_3-2 extracts. The difference was quite significant when the data were compared with those of the control (P

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacoeconomic effectiveness of three antihyperlipoidemics METHODS:According to literature reports,158 patients with hyperlipoidemia were selected These patients were randomly divided into three groups which received zhibituo,pravastatin and simvastatin respectively The results were evaluated with pharmacoeconomic analysis RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The cost of zhibituo is minimal

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formulation and preparation technic of azathioprine liposomes and evaluation the quality.METHODS:The liposomes were prepared by a film-vibration technique.The optimal formulation and preparation technic were selected by means of an orthogonal design test.The entrapment ratio of liposomes was studied by titrimetric method.The size distribution and appearance of liposomes were observed under microscope.RESULTS:The entrapment ratio of azathioprine liposomes was49.19%.The liposomes consisted of spherical or similar to spherical multilamellar vesicles with78.17%of particles in the liposomes smaller than2.4?m.CONCLUSION:The selected formulation and preparation technic of azathioprine liposomes are rational and stable.

The cultured human esophageal cancer cell line——Eca109 cells was incubated with the scorpion venom crude (SVC) collected from Buthus Martensii Karshiin Henan Province. The growth inhibition and cytotoxicity of SVC on Eca109 cells were detected. The results showed that Eca109 cell growth was inhibited by SVC. while Eca 109 cells were incubated with SVC for 24, 48, 72hrs. The rates of inhibition were 35.6%, 39.5, 36.9% respectively, the concention of SVC used was 0.017?g/ml. The mitochondrial dehydrogenase of Eca109 cells were also inhibited by SVC, Which had the cytotoxic effect on Eca109 cells. When the concentrations of SVC were 0.017?g/ml, 0.034?g/ml, 0.085?g/ml, the cytotoxicity were 63%, 56% and 59%, respectively. The effect and mechanism of cytotoxicity of SVC on the tumor cells are worth further studies.

Human fetal esophageal epithelial tissue were cultured in vitro and treatedwith mycotoxins of Alternaria alternata (AME or AOH) for 4 h. The genomic DNAwere extracted from these tissues. Genomic DNA was isolated from normal human fetalesophageal epithelium (as blank control), DNA from malignant tissue and its adjacentnormal mucosa was obtained from esophagectomy patients. DNA was amplified with PCRreaction, using genomic DNA as templet. The PCR products was a 104bp fragment from which the 12 codon of c-Ha-ras gene was contained. The excition point of restriction en-zyme Hpe Ⅱ was located in this fragment. The PCR amplified 104bp fragment was diges-ted by Hpa Ⅱ and analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the104bp fragment amplified from genomic DNA of blank control and esophagectomy patientcould be digested by Hpa Ⅱ ; but that from genomic DNA of human fetal esophagealepithelium treated by AME or AOH could not. These results indicated that a mutationhad taken place at 12-codon of c-Ha-ras gene after it was treated by AME, AOH for ashort time. The mutation of Ha-ras gene might be the early event during esophageal car-cinogenesis. The effect of AME and AOH during the onset of esophageal cancer and themolecular machanisms of the effect were worth of further study.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the pharmacoeconomic effectiveness of three antiviral agents for herpes zoster ME_THODS:101 patients with herpes zoster were divided into three groups who received acyclovir injection,valaciclovir tablet and ribavirin injection,respectively Evaluation was carried out with cost-effectiveness analysis RESULTS:The cost-effectiveness ratios of three groups were $1 288 2,$863 0 and $949 8 CONCLUSION:Valaciclovir was the best antiviral agents for herpes zoster

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of portal CO 2-DSA with fine needle splenic puncture. Methods The splenic tails of seven adult white rabbits were exteriorized by laparotomy, and followed by a 25 gauge fine needle inserting about 1.0 cm into the splenic parenchyma. Portal CO 2-DSA was performed (2.0 ml/s, 10ml) and the images were evaluated. After removal of the needle, the puncture site was observed for bleeding till coagulation occurred. The spleen were taken for gross and histological examination. Results All the CO 2-DSA clearly showed the portal trunk with intrahepatic branches above 3～4 orders, the main splenic vein, and the main mesenteric veins with parts of its branches. CO 2 disappeared from the intrahepatic portal vein over 2～3 minutes. In one animal, the left renal vein and the inferior vena cava were also displayed by CO 2 through communication between splenic vein and renal vein. After removal of the needle, there was small amount of bleeding at the puncture site which ceased spontaneously over 3～5 minutes. In all animals, no extravasation of CO 2 at the puncture site, no subcapsular dissection or intrasplenic hematoma was observed. Microscopically, the splenic capsule appeared intact and there was no evidence of subcapsular hematoma formation.Conclusions Portal CO 2-DSA with fine needle splenic puncture is feasible, safe and efficient. In normal adult rabbit, CO 2 may help to visualize the left renal vein and inferior vena cava through communication between splenic and renal vein.

To explore the influence of low light on the synthesis of carotenoids, chlorophyll and the adaptability of transgenic plants with tomato Solanum lycopersicon L. GGPS2 gene, we constructed a vector containing a GGPS2 gene with green fluorescent protein (GFP) as report gene under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and introduced it into tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Wisconsin 38 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. PCR analysis of the DNA from kanamycin resistant tobacco indicated that the transgenic tobacco containing the nptII gene, SlaGGPS2 gene and without contamination of Agrobacterium. We also detected the root tip of kanamycin resistant tobacco showing characteristic fluorescence. The contents of carotenoid, chlorophyll and photosynthesis of transgenic tobacco increased in comparison with wild tobacco after low light treatment. In addition, leaf mass per unit area, total dry weight, ratio of root to shoot in transgenic tobacco were all higher than that of the wild tobacco, which proved that the transgenic tobacco could increase the accumulation of biomass and promote it transport to root. The transgenic tobacco with SlaGGPS2 gene can increase the contents of carotenoid, chlorophyll, enhance the photosynthetic rate, promote the biomass accumulation and its distribution to root. Hence, the transgenic tobacco with SlaGGPS2 gene had increased low light tolerance and the SlaGGPS2 gene maybe can be used in other crops.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Carotenoids ; analysis ; Chlorophyll ; analysis ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genetic Vectors ; Light ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; genetics ; Photosynthesis ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Tobacco ; metabolism ; radiation effects

Objective:To detect differentiallyexpressed microRNAs (miRNAs)in plasma of schizophrenia and explore biomarker for diagnosis of schizophrenia.Methods:The discovery cohort tincluded 6 patients with schizophrenia meeting diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disor-der,Fourth Edition (DSM-IV),as well as 6 healthy control subjects,whose age and gender were matched to pa-tients.The expression of 754 miRNAs (Sanger human miRBase v14)in the discovery cohort was investigated by Taqman Array (Human MicroRNA A +B Cards Set v3.0).Then the quantitative reverse-transcription polymor-phism chain reaction (qRT-PCR)assay was conducted to validate differentially expressed miRNAs in an independ-ent replication cohort,which included 25 schizophrenia patients and 18 healthy control subjects.The student's t-tests were used to analyze the differential expression of miRNA between schizophrenia patients and controls.All analyses were performed in Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM)software.Results:Twenty down-regulated miRNAs were observed in discovery cohort.Four miRNAs,hsa-miR-15b-5p were down-regulated in both discovery and rep-licated cohorts.Conclusion:The present study suggests that aberrant expression of miRNA might be of potential im-portance as biomarkers in the diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Objective: To discuss how to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment about the firstbranchial fistula. Method:16 cases with the first branchial fistula were analyzed retrospectively. Result :Of all thepatients underwent surgery, 14 cases were free from disease postoperatively within 0.5 years follow-up, 2patients underwent re-operation because of recurrence. Conclusion:Knowing about the disease fully, selectingproper surgical incision and possessing skilled surgical technique is important to improve the level of diagnosisand treatment about the first branchial fistula.