Compared with normal children,the children with cerebral palsy are different in respiratory movement and respiratory function,showing a less concordant in respiratory muscles,abnormal thoracic cage,disturbance in ventilation and air exchange,decreased compliance,changed distribution in muscle fiber types,and so on.Dynamic and static lung volumes have also changed.Pronunciation and oxygen uptake are involved for the respiratory disturbance too.Hydrotherapy is an effective training in improving respiratory function,proper temperature can reduce respiratory muscular tension,hydrostatic pressure provides extensive stimulation of the exteroceptors and proprioceptors.This is expected to improve coordination,respiration,and related functions such as eating and speaking.

It is important to screen high-risk children with cerebral palsy early to reduce the incidence of disability. Various tools has been developed to assess the development, motor function, spasticity, and comprehensive capacity of the children at risk of brain injury or with cerebral palsy. This paper reviewed the commonly used tools, and suggested to choose one or more tools to meet the special purpose.

Objective To study the incidence of pelvic adhesions in endometriosis(EM) and the relationship between pelvic adhesions and pain symptoms. Methods The incidence of pelvic adhesions, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dyschizia in 480 patients with EM were studied retrospectively to evaluate the correlation between pelvic adhesions and the degree of pain symptoms. In accordance with the revised American Fertility Society classification (r-AFS), it was observed that 155 cases were in Stage Ⅰ,33 cases were in stage Ⅱ,108 cases were in stage Ⅲ and 184 were cases in stage Ⅳ. Results (1) Among 480 cases with EM, 72.3% (347/480) of patients have pelvic adhesions simultaneously, of which 25.2% (39/155) patients were in Stage Ⅰ, 78.8% (26/33) patients were in Stage Ⅱ, 90.7% (98/108) patients were in Stage Ⅲ and 100.0% (184/184) patients were in Stage Ⅳ. It was found that positive correlation existed between the degree of pelvic adhesions and clinical staging of EM(rs=0.870,P<0.01).(2) 61.0%(293/480) of patients presented dysmenorrhoea, of which the percentages of mild, moderate and severe dysmenorrhea were 52.2%(153/293), 26.6%(78/293), 21.2% (62/293), respectively. The rate of patients presenting chronic pelvic pain (CPP), dyspareunia and dyschezia were 23.8% (114/480), 15.4% (74/480) and 7.1% (34/480), respectively. (3) Ovarian adhesions was positively correlated with dysmenorrhea and CPP(rs=0.367 and 0.267,P<0.01). Adhesion of the bottom and posterior wall of uterus was positively correlated with dysmenorrhea and CPP (rs=0.336, 0.164,P<0.01); adhesions of fallopian tubes were positively correlated with dysmenorrhea, CPP and dyschezia (rs=0.283, 0.225 and 0.159, P<0.01). Adhesions of rectum was positively correlated with dysmenorrhea (rs=0.101,P<0.05). In addition to dyspareunia, the degree of pelvic adhesions was positively correlated with dysmenorrhea, CPP and dyschezia (rs=0.470, 0.273, 0.132, P<0.01). Conclusion Pelvic adhesions are characteristic lesions of endometriosis, the site and degree pelvic adhesions are closely correlated with pain symptoms.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical characteristics of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity and to provide reference for rational use of cefepime.METHODS:Medical records of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity were collected from medical literatures from 1997 to 2009.Age and gender of 46 patients,primary diseases,drug usage,onset time of ADR,clinical symptom and prognosis were analyzed.RESULTS:Of 46 patients,25 cases were male and 21 female.Their average age was (59.56?18.84) years old (unknown age of 1 case).38 cases received cefepime alone and 8 cases cefepime combined with other drugs.All patients were administered by intravenous infusion.Of 46 patients,32 patients suffered from chronic renal failure,among which 10 patients received overdosage of medicine (unknown dosage of 1 case).Clinical symptoms of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity were encephalopathy,myoclonus and epilepsy.The occurrence time of neurotoxicity was (4.39?2.18)d (unknown occurrence time of 2 cases).The symptoms of 36 cases were relieved and cured after drug withdrawal and treatment with mean cure duration of (2.67?2.64)d.CONCLUSION:Great importance should be attached to the antibacterial effects of cefepime and cefepime-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To explore the value of laparoscopic ovarian drilling in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome with infertility.Methods The clinical data of 51 patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome with infertility undergone laparoscopic ovarian drilling were reviewed.The Serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),androgen(T),and estradiol(E2) were measured before and after the operation in all of the cases.Meanwhile,ovarian follicular development and pregnancy rate were observed during follow-up.Results Significantly decreased levels of FSH,LH,LH /FSH,and T were observed after the laparoscopic ovarian drilling in the patients(P

Objective To investigate the inheritance principle of the expanded GAG repeat allele and the clinical features of spinocerebellar ataxias 3 (SCA3) in a consanguinity family with first cousin marriage.Methods The CAG repeats of SCA3 gene were amplified by means of polymerase chain reaction.Fragment analysis with laser-induced fluorescence in capillary electrophoresis were performed for the positive samples detected by agarose gel electrophoresis.Furthermore,the clinical features were analyzed carefully.Results Fragment analysis revealed that the proband carried 2 alleles with 56 and 72 CAG repeats separately.The proband' s father carried 28 and 66,and the expanded CAG repeat allele inherited from his grandfather.The proband' s mother carried 33 and 56,and the expanded CAG repeat allele inherited from his grandmother.The proband' s son carried 27 and 85 and presented with dystonia besides ataxia.Conclusions The proband' s parents have the common ancestors.Their alleles with expanded CAG repeats probably come from the same allele of their ancestor.The GAG repeat is more unstable in the paternal inheritance than in the maternal inheritance.The 71-year-old asymptomatic family member carry the allele with 56 CAG repeats,which indicates the 56 CAG repeats may be not associated with the disease.The patients within this family have variable clinical features,especially the juvenile-onset case presents with apparent dystonia.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare compound ornidazole gel and conduct its quality control. METHODS: The gel was prepared with 0.6% carbopol - 940 as base and with ornidazole and cimetidine as main ingredients. Contents of 2 constituents were determined directely by UV - spectrophotometry. The stability of the finished product was investigated as well. RE-SULTS:The gel obtained was good in appearance, shaping and spreading. The linear ranges for ornidazole and cimetidine were all 0.5-32uuuuuuuuuug/ ml. The average recovery rates of ornidazole and cimetidine were 100.58% (RSD= 1.17%) and 100.59% (RSD=1.61%), respectively. The stability investigation results were in line with the requirement of Chinese Pharmacopeia 2000 version. CONCLUSION:The formula of compound gel is reasonable; its preparation technics is simple and the quality is reliable; and which meets the requirements of clinical medication.

Background:The pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia(FD)is complicated and unclarified yet. Gastrointestinal hormone dysfunction may contribute to the development of FD. Aims:To investigate the correlation of different subtypes of FD with gastrointestinal hormone motilin(MTL),neuropeptide Y(NPY)and leptin(LEP). Methods:A total of 57 FD patients fulfilling Rome Ⅲ criteria were recruited and divided into epigastric pain syndrome(EPS)group(n = 24)and postprandial distress syndrome( PDS) group( n = 33 ). Ten healthy volunteers were served as controls. Fast and postprandial levels of MTL,NPY and LEP in peripheral blood were detected by radioimmunoassay. Results:Peripheral levels of fast MTL in EPS and PDS groups[(182. 90 ± 108. 57)pg/ mL and(145. 21 ± 67. 18)pg/ mL vs.(224. 47 ± 64. 55)pg/ mL,P < 0. 05],fast NPY in EPS group[(57. 40 ± 28. 75)pg/ mL vs.(90. 75 ± 49. 57)pg/ mL,P < 0. 01], and fast and postprandial NPY in PDS group[fast level:(38. 25 ± 20. 66)pg/ mL vs. (90. 75 ± 49. 57)pg/ mL,P <0. 01;postprandial level:(30. 26 ± 15. 12)pg/ mL vs.(65. 23 ± 54. 42)pg/ mL,P < 0. 01]were significantly lower than those in control group at same time points,especially the PDS group. Fast and postprandial levels of NPY were significantly lower in PDS group than in EPS group at same time points( P < 0. 05). No significant differences were observed in peripheral LEP levels among the three groups at any time points(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:The pathogenic mechanism of FD is related to the level of gastrointestinal hormones,and is different in EPS and PDS subtypes. Reduced MTL and NPY levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of PDS.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application of prescription comment software in our hospital. METHODS:552 pre-scriptions were evaluated by pharmacist A,B and software,and the Kappa values were calculated to evaluate the reliability of the software. The results of comment by pharmacist B and by software were combined (serial test and parallel test),and then com-pared with the results of comment by pharmacist A. The sensitivity,specificity and Youden's index were calculated to evaluate the reliability of the software. The comment results of 552 prescriptions by pharmacist A for twice were compared to calculate Kappa value,and it was used to evaluate the comment consistency of pharmacist A. RESULTS:The pharmacist A,B comment results and software comment results showed poor consistency,and Kappa value were 0.020 2 and 0.002 0,with significant difference (P<0.001);pharmacist A comment results had strongest consistency with pharmacist B comment results,and Kappa value was 0.843 0,with no significant difference(0.1

BACKGROUND:Conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cels (MSC-CM) that contains abundant MSCs paracrine substances may represent a promising alternative to MSCs transplantation. However, normal MSC-CM with insufficient paracrine ability is not effective for tissue damage repair. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of MSC-CM with (MSC-CMHyp) and without hypoxic activation (MSC-CMNor) on the proliferation and apoptosis of radiation-induced injured intestinal epithelial cels (IEC-6) and to further discuss the paracrine mechanisms. METHODS: IEC-6 cels were exposed to 10 Gy irradiation and cultured in MSC-CMHyp, MSC-CMNor, and DMEM-F12 medium, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Findings from trypan blue staining, flow cytometry and western blot assay showed that, compared with the DMEM-F12 medium group, treatment with MSC-CMHyp significantly enhanced IEC-6 viability proliferation after radiation-induced injury, as wel as significantly decreased cel apoptosis and expression of Caspases-3/8 (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the MSC-CMNor group and DMEM-F12 medium group (P > 0.05). On the other hand, the increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, and interleukin-10 were detected in the MSC-CMHyp group compared to the MSC-CMNor group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the MSC-CMHyp improves the viability and proliferative capacity of IEC-6 cels after radiation-induced injuryvia up-regulating secretion of cytokines and down-regulating apoptotic signaling.