Objective: To explore the depression stares of the elderly experienced the Wenchuan earthquake and to know the related factors. Methods: Using the convenient sampling method, 390 elderly living in Chengdu and Deyang City were included in this investigation. Demographic data was recorded and the Center for Epidemiolog-ic Studies Depression (CES-D) was applied individually. Results: In this sample, 9.8% of the elderly had sus-pected depression symptom and 30.3% had depression symptom. Depression status was related to sex, education,habitual residence, occupation and experiences in earthquake. Compared with the elderly who were males, with middle school education degree, without horrible experiences in the past, with less fearful/helpless/horrible feel-ings in earthquake, the elderly who were females (OR=2.03), with education degree below primary school (OR =2.59), with horrible experiences in the past (OR=2.06), and with strong fearful/helpless/horrible feeling in earthquake (OR=1.59), had more serious depression. Conclusion: After 8 months of Wenchuan earthquake, lo-cal elderly victims are still in severe depression. The elderly who are female, with low education level, engaged in farm work, suffered great loss should be paid special attention.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI) and angiotensin receptor antagonist(ARB) on renal function of type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients.Methods 60 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and mild or midrange damages of renal function were observed.The patients all accepted routine diabetic therapy and were randomly divided into three groups,ACEI group,ARB group and combination group with ACEI and ARB.The blood pressure,blood creatinine and urine protein of 24 hours were measured before therapy and 8 weeks after therapy.Results The excretive amounts of urine protein decreased in all groups.The excretive levels of urine protein in combination group significantly decreased than in ACEI group and ARB group(P

Objective To discuss the best extracting technology of Evodia rutaecarpa juice——crude drug processing adjuvant of Yuhuanglian with water.Methods The content of 9 samples extracted according to orthogonal tests were mensurated by UV-spectrophotometry,and the extract methods were estimated with the content of total alkaloid in Evodia rutaecarpa as index.Results The technology of A3B2C1 that was marinated 60 minutes,added the water with 12,9.6 folds,extracted for 40 minutes,and extracted 2 times,which obtained the highest content of total alkaloid.Conclusion This test offered a pressing,feasible and best extracting technology of preparation of crude drug processing adjuvant of Yuhuanglian——Evodia rutaecarpa juice.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined use of Pathfile and Mtwo in the preparation of curved root canals.Methods This study enrolled a total of 90 teeth(313 root canals)that need root canal therapy because of pulpitis or apical periodontitis from December 2013 to February 2014.All root canals were randomly divided into three groups.In group A,both Pathfile and Mtwo NiTi files were used in root canal preparation.In group B,Pathfile and ProTaper were used.ProTaper was employed alone in root canal preparation in group C.The high temperature thermaplasticized inj ectable ver-tical condensation technique was applied in all the three groups.The time of root canal preparation,the number of separated de-vices,root canal transportation and the quality of root canal filling were obtained and compared among the 3 groups.Results In group A,the time of root canal preparation was shortest,(6.01±1.12)min ;there were no instrument separation and ledge for-mation,and the filling rate was highest in group A.The differences were significantly noted in these indexes between group A and groups B,C.Conclusion Combined use of Pathfile and Mtwo for preparation of curved root canals is fast and safe,and the root canal filling is satisfactory.This method is suitable for clinical application.

BACKGROUND: Primate is the best animal to establish a model of spinal implants. However, ethics and cost limit its application. Mixed-breed dogs have similar anatomic structures as human. Moreover, it is easy to obtain with low cost, so it may replace primate to serve as models.OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility of canine lumbar spine to establish the anterior interfixation model following measurements of related anatomic data.METHODS: A total of 9 adult healthy dogs were selected. The transversal diameter, sagittal diameter and height of vertebral body and disc were measured, and the artificial vertebral body replacement was performed. Bone graft fusion was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The transversal diameter, sagittal diameter and height of vertebral body and disc increasedgradually from L_(1) to L_(7), and the height was greatly exceeded its sagittal diameter. All dogs survived, but one was paraplegia. Allthe others stood and acted in 12 h to 72 h after operation. The fusion effect was proved to be good by imageology and histology. The establishment of models was simple and cost-effective, and the biocompatibility of bone tissues and implants, as well as thebone tissue ingrowth can be observed. The lumbar spine of dog can be used as an anterior interfixation model in vitro test.

Objective To detect and type herpes simplex virus (HSV) in genital lesions of the patients attending STD clinic. Methods Clinical data were collected and analyzed from patients with anogenital non-herpetic lesions including induration or furuncle, fissure, folliculitis, single ulcer and so on. HSV was detected and typed by culture and PCR with specimens taken from these lesions. Results One hundred and five cases were recruited in this study. Among them, 18 cases presented induration (furuncle), 15 fissure, 16 folliculitis, 7 abrasion, 12 single ulcer, 25 nonspecific erythema and 12 balanoposthitis with edema and exudation. HSV was found in 33.3%(6/18), 20%(3/15), 37.5%(6/16), 28.6%(2/7), 33.3%(4/12), 20%(5/25) and 50%(6/12) of these lesions, repectively, by PCR, while in 22.2%(4/18), 13.3%(2/15), 25%(4/16), 14.3%(1/7), 33.3%(4/12), 8%(2/25) and 41.7%(5/12), repectively, by viral culture. The positive rates of HSV from all these non-herpetic lesions were 30.5% (32/105) and 21% (22/105), respectively (? = 0.095, P = 0.114), by PCR and viral culture. The results of HSV typing were consistent between PCR and immunofluorescence with type-specific monoclonal antibodies. Among those with HSV infections, HSV-1 infection acounted for 9.4% (3/32), and HSV-2 90.6% (29/32). Conclusions The clinical manifestations of genital HSV infections vary, and HSV could be isolated from lesions of induration (furuncle), fissure, folliculitis, abrasion, single ulcer, nonspecific erythema and balanoposthitis with edema and exudation. HSV-2 is the predominant type.

BACKGROUND:Poly-D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) that was characterized as absorbable,weak cytotoxicity,and adjustable hardness was ideal to be synthetized artificial spinal dura mater.Because of lacking of functional group at the surface of PLGA,it should be modified to fit the demand of satisfied biocompatibility.OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility of PLGA membrane modified by type-Ⅰ collagen and chitosan.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Contrast observation study,which was carded out in the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May to December 2007.MATERIALS:Porous PLGA membrane was provided by Jinan Banzheng Biology-Technology Co.,Ltd.,type-Ⅰ collagen by Sigma Company,USA,chitosan by Shanghai Qisheng Biological Agent Medical Apparatus and Instrument Company,and L929 L cell by Cellular Institute of Shanghai Academy of Life Science,Chinese Academy of Science.METHODS:PLGA membrane (P membrane),PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen composite membrane (PG membrane),PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen/chitosan (9:1) composite membrane (PGC 9:1 membrane) and PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen/chitosan (5:5) composite membrane (PGC 5:5 membrane) were produced through a certain process.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Contact angle,absorption rate and cytotoxicity were tested.Morphological changes of L929 L cell cultured for 1,3,and 7 days were observed under fiberscope.RESULTS:Contact angle was shown as PG membrane＜PGC 9:1 membrane＜PGC 5:5 membrane＜P membrane (P＜0.01 );absorption rate was shown as P membrane＜PGC 5:5 membrane＜PGC 9:1 membrane＜PG membrane (P＜0.01).L929 L cell was characterized as well distribution,expansion and appearance after inoculation of PG membrane,PGC 9:1 membrane and PGC 5:5 membrane.Cytotoxic experiment (MTT methods) showed that,on the 1st day,there was no significant difference in absorbency among groups (P＞0.05).On the 3rd and 7th days,there were significant differences between P membrane and PG membrane or PGC 9:1 membrane,and between PGC 9:1 membrane and PCK2 5:5 membrane (P＜0.05).PGC 9:1 membrane could further improve cell adhesion and proliferation,and PGC 5:5 membrane could inhibit cell proliferation and differentiation.CONCLUSION:Type-Ⅰ collagen and chitosan appended to the exterior of PLGA can enhance the biocompatibility of membrane.In terms of biocompatibility,PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen/chitosan (9:1) composite membrane can be fit to the qualification as a type of material of artificial spinal dura mater.

Objective To evaluate the effects of tofacitinib on liver function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.Methods Literature search was performed in databases including PubMed,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang to identify randomized controlled trials about RA treated with tofacitinib.The retrieval time was up to August 2016.Meta-analysis was conducted by Revman 5.5 software.Results A total of 7 studies were included,involving 2 965 patients.The results of Meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of alanine transaminase (ALT)＞1 upper limit of normal (ULN) in patients receiving both 5 mg and 10 mg bid tofacitinib was significantly higher than placebo [5 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.48,95％CI (1.20,1.82),P=0.000 2;10 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.67,95％CI (1.37,2.05),P＜0.01];there was no significant difference in the incidence of ALT＞3 ULN [5 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.81,95％CI (0.57,5.79),P=0.32;10 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.36,95％CI (0.57,5.25),P=0.49];the incidence of aspartate transaminase (AST)＞1 ULN was significantly higher than placebo [5 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.59,95％CI (1.25,2.03),P=0.000 2;10 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.90,95％CI(1.50,2.40),P＜0.01],there was no significant difference in the incidence of AST＞3 ULN [5 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=1.17,95％CI (0.27,5.17),P=0.83;10 mg bid tofacitinib:RR=0.95,95％CI (0.26,3.44),P=0.94].Conclusion Tofacitinib slightly increases ALT and AST in patient with RA.Due to the limited sources and lack of domestic studies,more randomized controlled trials are still needed to verify the above conclusion.

Objective To remind the attention to contraceptive in cesarean section group by analyzing the treatment of 104 cases cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).Methods From April 2009 to November 2012,104 patients with CSP treated in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Wuhan Union Hospital were studied retrospectively.The incidence,treatment,and average in hospital days and average cost of hospitalization were analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2012,the number of CSP was 10,19,29,and 46 cases annually which accounted for the proportion of the corresponding period of gynecological patients were 0.33％,0.63％,0.97％,and 1.53％.Bilateral uterine artery embolization plus curettage was the most effective treatment.The average transfusion rate was 25％.The average amount of in-hospital days were (14 ± 8) days,the average cost of hospitalization were (12954.97 ± 3888.89) yuan.Conclusions The CSP incidence was increasing sharply in China.Although the current treatment methods could greatly reduce complications of CSP,it did harm to the patients and their family.The key to reduce the occurrence of CSP included reducing the rate of cesarean section,and strengthening contraceptive education after cesarean section.

Objective To observe the effects of chronic arsenic exposure on mRNA expression of estrogen receptor-binding fragment-associated gene 9 (Ebag9) and estrogen-responsive finger protein (efp) in uterus and ovary of female rats.Methods Fifty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups according to arsenic (As2O3) concentrations given through drinking-water:0.00 (control),0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40 mg/L arsenic exposure groups and real-time RCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of Ebag9 and efp in uterus and ovary tissue at the 31 weeks of experiment.Results The mRNA expression levels of Ebag9 and efp of the 0.00,0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40 mg/L arsenic exposure groups were respectively as follows:0.761 ± 0.178,0.521 ± 0.130,0.544 ± 0.035,0.525 ± 0.198,0.498 ± 0.240 and 0.795 ± 0.171,0.874 ± 0.077,0.797 ± 0.066,0.796 ± 0.040,0.832 ± 0.096.Compared with control group,a decreased tendency was observed in Ebag9 mRNA level(with P value 0.055 in 0.40 mg/L arsenic exposure group) and increased tendency in efp mRNA level in experimental groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The mRNA expression levels of Ebag9 and efp in ovary of the five groups were by turns:0.702 ± 0.484,0.719 ± 0.336,0.693 ± 0.095,0.706 ± 0.055,0.728 ± 0.073 and 0.924 ± 0.061,1.009 ± 0.034,0.930 ± 0.085,0.929 ± 0.068,1.012 ± 0.101.Compared with control group,the expression level of Ebag9 mRNA showed a increased tendency in 0.05,0.20,0.40 mg/L arsenic exposure groups(all P ＞ 0.05).The efp mRNA level increased in experimental groups,with significant difference in 0.05,0.40 mg/L groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of efp mRNA has changed in ovary of female rats exposed to chronic arsenic.Arsenic may act as an environmental endocrine disruptor to exert its effect.