Objective To improve the quality standard of compound Chaihu tea. Methods Pupleuri Radix, Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Forsythiae Fructus were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC).HPLC method was used to determine the content of puerarin.The determination was performed on a Shimadzu VP-ODS-C18column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm) with the mobile phase of methanol-0.2% H3PO4(23:77).The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 250 nm. Results The TLC spots were clear and well-separated without negative interference.The good linear correlation existed within the range of 1.340 8-56.632 8μg· mL-1 for puerarin (r=0.999 9, n=6) and the average recovery was 102.98% with RSD being 1.48% (n=6). Conclusion The method is simple and accurate.It can be used for quality control of compound Chaihu tea.

Objective.In order to demonstrate the binding of HBV X protein (HBX) with the general transcription factor TFIIB.Methods.In vitro glutathion S-transferase (GST)resin Pull-Down assay and Far-Western Blotting assay, in vivo Co-immunoprecipition assay were used.Results.The X199(51-99)domain of HBX is reponsible for HBX binding to TFIIB.While the d10 domain (125-295)of TFIIB is required for TFIIB binding to HBX.When the two basic amino acids(K) at position 178 and 189 of TFIIB were substituted by neutral amino acids(L),the binding of TFIIBK178L and K189L to HBX was siginificantly reduced. When the the basic amino acids were substituted by the acidic amino acids(E),the binding of TFIIB K178E and K189E to HBX were almost lost.In vitro results of HBX binding to TFIIB were further confirmed by in vivo co-immunoprecipitation assay.Our results also indicated that the Woodchuck hepatitis virus X protein (WHX)interacts with TFIIB.Conclusion.These results suggested that the communication between HBX and general transcription factor TFIIB is one of the mechanisms which account for its transcriptional transactivation.

The clinical data of 4 patients in a pedigree of charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2cc (CMT2cc) caused by the NEFH gene mutation from the Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin Children′s Hospital in March 2020 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.The purpose of this study was to improve clinicians′ awareness of the di-sease.The pedigree had signs and symptoms of varying degrees of pyramidal fasciculus involvement, high arched feet, and achilles tendon contracture.The electrophysiological testing of both lower extremities suggested sensory and motor nerve axonal damage, and an abnormal visual evoked potential was observed.Second-generation sequencing revealed that the pathogenic factor was the NEFH gene variation: c.1319G>A (p.Ser440Asn), which is a new mutation site that has never been reported before. NEFH mutations can cause a complex clinical phenotype of CMT2cc, which is therefore easily misdiagnosed.Central and peripheral nerves are simultaneously involved in CMT2cc patients.Electrophysiological testing and genetic analysis are required to clarify the diagnosis of CMT2cc.

BACKGROUND:Intervertebral disk degeneration is a pathological change caused by a series of complex molecular mechanisms that result in the aging and damage of intervertebral discs,ultimately leading to severe clinical symptoms.Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of intervertebral disk degeneration due to its low cost,non-addictive nature,multi-target effects,minimally toxic and side effects,and high patient acceptance. OBJECTIVE:To review the latest research results of traditional Chinese medicine monomer intervention-related signaling pathways in the treatment of intervertebral disk degeneration,describe and analyze the action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine monomer on intervertebral disk degeneration,and provide a new approach and theoretical basis for future basic research and clinical treatment. METHODS:The first author searched for relevant literature from January 2018 to February 2023 in CNKI,PubMed,VIP,and WanFang using the search terms"intervertebral disc,signal pathway".The articles that did not meet the criteria were excluded after preliminary screening of the titles and abstracts.Finally,72 articles were selected for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Traditional Chinese medicine monomers can regulate multiple classical signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin,PI3K/Akt,mTOR,NF-κB,and MAPK.They achieve this by regulating oxidative stress,adjusting the expression of pro/anti-apoptotic proteins in cells,stimulating cellular autophagy function,reducing stimulation of cell inflammatory factors,increasing the expression of extracellular matrix markers,reducing the production of matrix-degrading enzymes,maintaining the synthesis and stability of extracellular matrix,inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the nucleus pulposus into nucleus pulposus cells,promoting endogenous repair and reconstruction,controlling apoptosis and aging of nucleus pulposus cells,and increasing the activity of nucleus pulposus cells.These actions improve the microenvironment within the intervertebral disc,maintain the normal physiological function of the intervertebral disc,and delay intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective To evaluate the impact of poor sleep quality on occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in trauma patients.Methods We prospectively recruited 256 trauma patients hospitalized in 4 general hospitals in Zunyi during the period from October,2021 to November,2022,and 226 of the participants completed the PTSD survey and assessment.The patients'sleep quality within a month before trauma was estimated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and their sleep quality within 7 days after admission was monitored by smart bracelet sleep monitoring;the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C)was used to detect the occurrence of PTSD during the follow-up.Results The detection rate of PTSD in the patients was 19.47%at 1 month and 17.61%at 3 months after trauma.The patients who developed PTSD had poorer sleep quality before the trauma,as shown by significantly higher PSQI scale scores(P<0.001),than those without PTSD,and they showed a sleep abnormality rate as high as 72.73%prior to PTSD onset.Within 7 days after admission,the patients developing PTSD had lower sleep quality scores with more frequent night awakenings(P<0.05).A 1 month and 3 months after trauma,the patients with PTSD had significantly higher PSQI scores than those without PTSD(P<0.05).Conclusion PTSD is more likely to occur in trauma patients with poor sleep quality before trauma.

Objective To evaluate the impact of poor sleep quality on occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in trauma patients.Methods We prospectively recruited 256 trauma patients hospitalized in 4 general hospitals in Zunyi during the period from October,2021 to November,2022,and 226 of the participants completed the PTSD survey and assessment.The patients'sleep quality within a month before trauma was estimated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and their sleep quality within 7 days after admission was monitored by smart bracelet sleep monitoring;the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C)was used to detect the occurrence of PTSD during the follow-up.Results The detection rate of PTSD in the patients was 19.47%at 1 month and 17.61%at 3 months after trauma.The patients who developed PTSD had poorer sleep quality before the trauma,as shown by significantly higher PSQI scale scores(P<0.001),than those without PTSD,and they showed a sleep abnormality rate as high as 72.73%prior to PTSD onset.Within 7 days after admission,the patients developing PTSD had lower sleep quality scores with more frequent night awakenings(P<0.05).A 1 month and 3 months after trauma,the patients with PTSD had significantly higher PSQI scores than those without PTSD(P<0.05).Conclusion PTSD is more likely to occur in trauma patients with poor sleep quality before trauma.

Genetically engineered intestinal microbes could be powerful tools to detect and treat intestine inflammation due to their non-invasive character, low costs, and convenience. Intestinal inflammation is usually detected along with an increasing concentration of thiosulfate and tetrathionate molecules in the intestines. ThsSR and TtrSR are two-component biosensors to detect the presence of thiosulfate and tetrathionate molecules, respectively. In real-life intestinal inflammation detection, sophisticated instruments are needed if using fluorescent proteins as reporters. However, chromoproteins and other colored small molecules, which can be seen by the unaided eye, could extend the use of ThsSR and TtrSR biosensors to detect intestine inflammation. The feasibility of ThsSR and TtrSR systems was tested by monitoring the fluorescence intensity of sfGFP in response to the concentration of thiosulfate and tetrathionate, followed by the incorporation of the two systems into Escherichia coli Top10 and E. coli Nissle 1917. The potential for the real-life application of the two systems was further corroborated by substituting sfGFP with a series of chromoproteins and a protoviolaceinic acid synthesis cassette as reporter genes. The results indicated that signal expression of the new systems had a positive correlation with the concentration of tetrathionate and thiosulfate molecules. Thus, the modified ThsSR and TtrSR system may potentially be applied in the human body for the detection of intestinal inflammation.
Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Intestines ; Thiosulfates

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of nano carbon tattooing on the lesion localization in the early colon cancer for additional surgical procedure after endoscopic resection.

METHODSThirty-five patients with early colon cancer accepted additional surgical procedures after endoscopic resection in Fuzhou General Hospital of PLA from May 2014 to November 2016. All the patients underwent nano carbon tattooing before the end of endoscopic resection: 0.1 ml carbon nanoparticles suspension was respectively injected into the normal intestinal submucosa from 1 cm outside the 4 sites (upper, lower, left and right) of the lesion border by colonoscopy, marking the original lesion location and guiding the subsequent additional surgery. Data of these 35 cases were summarized.

RESULTSAll the 35 cases, including 22 males and 13 females, with a mean age of 46.5 years(range 35-70), completed the endoscopic disposable carbon nano marking, and the mean operative time was 7.5 minutes(range 5-10). No bleeding, no perforation and no adverse reaction occurred. Four to 21(10±3.5) days after endoscopic resection, the patients received the additional surgery as a result of pathological specimens of endoscopic resection in 10 cases of vascular invasion, 7 cases of severe submucosal infiltration, 7 cases of more than grade G2 in tumor budding, 6 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, and 5 cases of positive margin. All the patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. The mean time of intraoperative detection and lesion location was 3.0 minutes(range 1-5). All tattooings were clearly visible under the naked eye. The colon wedge resection were performed in 5 cases, colon segment resection in 14 cases, and radical resection of colon cancer in 16 cases. The operative time was 45 to 180(120±30) min, and the blood loss was 50 ~ 200(50±15) ml. There was no intraoperative complications. The first gas passage time was 12 to 48(24±8) h. The postoperative hospital stay was 10 to 3(6.5±2.5) d. There was no postoperative complication and no perioperative mortality.

CONCLUSIONNano carbon tattooing is helpful for the accurate location of primary lesions in the additional surgical operation after endoscopic resection of early colon cancer, and it can improve the safety and precision of surgical procedures, especially for laparoscopic surgery.

Objective To investigate the impact of anti-reflux modified duodenal exclusion surgery on glucose metabolism in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to elucidate the role of the duodenum in maintaining glucose homeostasis. MethodsForty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 5 weeks were fed a high-fat diet and induced with T2DM using low-dose streptozotocin. Thirty-six rats that met the T2DM model criteria were randomly divided into three groups: the simple duodenal exclusion surgery group (DE group), the anti-reflux modified duodenal exclusion group (MDE group), and the sham operation group (SO group), with 12 rats in each group. Gastroenterography was performed 4 weeks after surgery, and the body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, and serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations were measured before surgery and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery. Eight weeks post-surgery, the rats were euthanized, and a 1 cm segment of the biliopancreatic loop was collected from each group for pathological sectioning and HE staining to observe the intestinal mucosal villus length under an optical microscope. Results Gastroenterography showed that there was significant reflux of the contrast agent into the duodenal lumen in the DE group, while no reflux was observed in the MDE group. At one week post-surgery, the body weights of rats in all three groups significantly decreased compared to before surgery (P<0.05), and then the body weights of all groups increased over time, with no significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). Compared with the SO group, the fasting blood glucose levels in the MDE and DE groups significantly decreased at all time points post-surgery (P<0.05), while GLP-1 concentrations significantly increased (P<0.05). The fasting blood glucose levels in the MDE group were lower than those in the DE group at all time points post-surgery (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in serum GLP-1 concentrations between the MDE and DE groups (P>0.05). Regarding intestinal mucosal morphology, the villus lengths of the biliopancreatic loops in the MDE group were significantly shorter than those in the DE and SO groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Anti-reflux modified duodenal exclusion surgery effectively improves glucose metabolism in T2DM rats by preventing the reflux of chyme into the diverted duodenum, thereby enhancing its hypoglycemic effect.