OBJECTIVE:To investigate the incidence,clinical features and influential factor of adverse drug events appeared in Zhuhai area.METHODS:246 cases with adverse drug events reported in our hospital from Jan.to Sep.in 2007 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Of the total drugs inducing adverse drug events(246 cases),anti-infectives took the lead(43.24%),which was related to its great variety,high application frequency and application range;78.05% were induced by intravenous infusion;41.12% were manifested as lesion of skin and its appendants;119(48.37%)failed to follow the direction of package inserts,of which,113 cases involved the use of anti-infectives.CONCLUSION:Medical workers should attach great importance to the acquisition of medication knowledge as well as the medication safety at each steps.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics and general pattern of adverse drug events(ADE) in Zhuhai area.METHODS: 311 ADE cases collected from Aug.2005 to Dec.2006 by Zhuhai workstation of Guangdong ARD Monitoring Center were statistically analyzed in respect of patients' age and sex,route of administration,category of drugs involved,ADR-involving organs/systems and clinical manifestations etc.RESULTS: The antiinfective drugs showed highest incidence rate of ADE,which caused ADE in 213 cases(68.49%).The most common clinical manifestations of the ADE were the damage of skin and adnexa,accounting for 51.45%(160 cases),all recovered after receiving corrsponding treatment.CONCLUSION: Allergic history of patients and their family members should be inquired in detail before the use of drugs and high alert should be given to pharmaceutical incompatibility,and the patients should be given fully attention after medication to reduce the incidence of ADE.

Objective To explore the cause,classification,incidence rate,diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary sequestration.MethodsThe data of 22 cases was analysed and the literatures were reviewed.ResultsThere were 22 cases of sequestration that confirmed by pathology after resected in our department from 1997 to 2007,of which 16 cases(72.7%)were confirmed before operation.The incidence rate was 5.7% comparing with the same time lobectomy.There were 20 cases(91%) of intralobar type and 2 cases(9%) of extralobar type.In intralobar type,18 cases were accompanied with infection and 2 cases with hemoptysis.2 cases had no symptom in extralobartype.ConclusionPulmonary sequestration is not an rare disease.The diagnosis mainly depends on X-ray.Sometimes,bronchography,retrograde arteriography or CT can also help making the diagnosis correctly.Operation is the main treatment method.Special attention should be paid to avoiding injure to the vessels during operation.

Objective To approach the cause,radiologic images feature and clinical diagnostic technique in pulmonary aspergillosis.Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinical presentation,symptoms,x-ray film and radiologic images,and clinical diagnostic methods of 36 cases with pulmonary aspergillosis.Results All cases were cured though operation and conformed by pathologic diagnosis.28 cases were diagnose as pulmonary aspergillosis,4 cases as lung cancer,3 casses as pulmonary tuberculosis,1 case as pneumonia.Conclusion Pulmonary aspergillosis was usual secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis,radiologic images feature was contribute to diagnosis,pathologic proof and fungus isolation in infected pulmonary tissue were gold standard.

Objective To observe the efficacy of rotavirus vaccine to children with rotavirus gastroenteritis.Methods The children with rotavirus gastroenteritis at the first time were divided into two group;One have been given oral rotavirus vaccine,the others haven't.The difference of illness severity,rate of hospital admission and duration of the illness were compared between two group.Results The duration of rotavirus gastroenteritis of the group which have been given oral rotavirus vaccine was shorter,illness severity was lower and need for hospitalization was reduced.There was significant difference between the two group(P

BACKGROUND: Orthopedic academics are committed to the modification of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) by adding different additives, including the promotion of curing agents, plasticizers, anti-water blood solvent, porogen, enhancer, or biological activity substance or drug compound to the CPC in order to enhance its physical and chemical and biological properties which is a research hotspot in the field. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of a biodegradable injectable CPC. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Duplicated testing study was performed at the National Key Laboratory, College of Materials, South China University of Technology from December 2008 to May 2009. MATERIALS: Calcium phosphate with partial crystallization and strontium phosphate and calcium hydrogen phosphate dehydrate with partial crystallization were added with modified starch and type I collagen to prepare a new type of self-injectable CPC. METHODS: CPC phase was analyzed using X'Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer; CPC morphology was observed using HITA2 -CHIH-800 transmission/scanning electron microscope; setting-up time was tested using Vicat apparatus according to A S TM C190203 standard; compressive strength was measured using Instron 5567 omnipotent electron apparatus; syringeability was detected using syringe apparatus with 1.6 mm of inside diameter; collapsibility was tested using soaking-shaking quantitative materials. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Phase component and microstructure of CPC products, setting-up time, syringeability, compressive strength, and collapsibility. RESULTS: The material coul be injected with an excellent performance, and the modified starch significantly improved the resistance of bone cement collapsibility. As the bone cement liquid-solid ratio increased, the compressive strength of cement decreased. When the bone cement liquid-solid ratio was 0.3, the compressive strength for cement was (48.0±2.3) MPa when the bone cement liquid-solid ratio was 0.6, the compressive strength of bone cement reduced to (21,0±2.5) MPa. Hydration productof cement-like bone hydroxyapatite crystallization also could be seen from the X-ray diffraction, due to the hydration of-cement was not complete, a baseline level of volatile explained fully hydrated conditions, suggesting that the bone cement could farther improve the compression strength. CONCLUSION: Developed an injectable strontium-contained collagen CPC is coincidence with the biomechanical strength of the human body and meets the requirements of the operation conditions.

BACKGROUND: The existing technique takes articular process and lateral mass as a reference mark. Due to differences of subjective judgment in operation and the impact of articular hyperplasia, some errors of screw entry point selection and serious complications such as vertebral artery or cervical spinal cord injury easily occurred, which limit the clinical application of the technique. At present, it is very important to select a constant reference mark of cervical pedicle screw entry point.OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional reconstruction CT images were made to measure the relationship between the lower cervical pedicle screw entry point and the lateral concave between articular process.METHODS: Three-dimensional reconstruction of CT scan was performed in 30 patients with cervical deformity, and the occurrence rate and morphological characteristics of the lateral concave between articular process were observed. The following parameters were determined on specific reconstructed CT image of C3-C7: (1) the distance between pedicle axis projection point in the posterior surface and the outer edge of lateral mass in transversal section through bilateral pedicle axis and (2) the distance between the point and the lateral concave between articular process in oblique sagittal section through homolateral pedicle axis. Mean value and standard deviation were counted and statistics difference was compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The lateral concave between articular process in lower cervical vertebrae was a obvious and less constant proliferative anatomical landmark and its occurrence rate was 100%. (2) Using CT technology of 3D reconstruction, C3-C7 lower cervical transversal section through bilateral pedicle axis and oblique sagittal section through homolateral pedicle axis were successfully obtained. (3) In transversal section, the left and right distances between C3-C7 pedicle axis projection point in the posterior surface and the outer edge of lateral mass were (4.1±0.9)mm and (4.3±0.9) mm, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.609). Except for C3 and C7, C4 and C7,there was no significant difference in the measured values of the same side (P > 0.05). (4) In oblique sagittal section, the left and right distances between C3-C7 point and the lateral concave between articular process were (-0.3±1.7) mm and (-0.3±1.6) mm, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.916). Except for C3 and C4, there was significant difference in the measured values of the same side (P < 0.05). (5) The above results suggest that the lower cervical pedicle entry point and the lateral concave between articular process have a relatively constant orientation relationship in transversal section and a large variation in the sagittal section.

Objective To explore the application of near infrared fluorescent dye C-dots in cell labeling.Methods B16 melanoma cells were cultured with C-dots of various diameters.The distribution of C-dots in cells was observed by laser confocal fluorescent microscope.The proliferation of both C-dots-labeled and unlabeled cells were measured by MTT colorimetry.The viability of labeled cells was checked by trypan blue staining.Results C-dots with diameter of 5 or 10 nanometers can be used to label cells.The near infrared fluorescence of C-dots was taken into the cells and observed on the cellular membrane.No difference of cellular viability was found between the labeled and unlabeled cells.Conclusion C-dots can be used as an intracellular marker for the research on trace and proliferation of cells.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of locking compression plate (LCP) in treatment of comminuted fractures of distal end of radius. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data was done for the 24 patients with comminuted fracture of distal end of radius who had been treated by locking compression plate fixation from August 2002 to August 2003. Results The follow up duration averaged 7.8 months. The satisfactory rate of functional outcome with LCP fixation was 91.6 percent. Conclusion Although LCP can provide the outstanding stability theoretically, it has not resulted in more exciting outcomes in treatment of comminuted fractures of distal end of radius than traditional methods.

Objective To investigate the role of fluid therapy in treatment of septic shock in children.Methods A total of 48 pediatric patients with septic shock were enrolled.Twenty-seven patients were treated with volume expansion and 21 patients were treated with fluid resuscitation.There were no differences in use of antibiotics,inotropic and vasoactive agent in two groups.The time needed for haemodynamic stability,occurrence of pulmonary edema.length of PICU stay,and mortality were compared between two groups.Results Compared with volume expansion group,the time needed for haemodynamic stability significantly decreased in fluid resuscitation group ((216.10± 168.13) minutes vs (121.63 ± 75.59) minutes) (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference in occurrence of pulmonary edema between volume expansion group and fluid resuscitation group (14.8% vs 9.5% . P > 0.05) .Compared with volume expansion group,length of PICU stay significantly decreased in fluid resuscitation group ((6.188 ±3.250) days vs (3.944±2.711) days,P < 0.05).Compared with volume expansion group,mortality significantly decreased in fluid resuscitation group (40.7% vs 14.3%,P < 0.05) . Conclusions Rapid fluid resuscitation was associated with early reach of haemodynamic stability,short stay in PICU,improved survival rate and no increase in the risk of complication in pediatric patient with septic shock.