OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the application of an osteotomy template and a repositioning template manufactured by three-dimensional (3D) printing technique in maxillary LeFortⅠosteotomy. METHODS: The patient group consisted of eight patients with maxillary hypoplasia who underwent LeFortⅠosteotomy. The mean age at the time of surgery was 25.6 years old. All patients were scanned using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to create a 3D model of the maxillary. The osteotomy and repositioning templates of the LeFortⅠosteotomy were manufactured by 3D printing technique. All bones were cut by the same doctor with extensive orthognathic surgery experience. One part of the template guided the osteotomy, and the other repositioned the maxilla during operation. Postoperative CBCT scan was performed, and the virtual plan was compared with the postoperative surgical result using an image fusion of the CBCT dataset by analyzing measurements between six landmarks relative to three reference planes. Statistical analysis was performed, and accuracy was reported using SPSS 16.0 software package. RESULTS: Primary healing of incisions was observed in all patients, and no serious complications were observed. The maximum mean values were 1.35 mm, and the displacement error was UL6 to the coronal plane. The maximum standard deviation was 0.85, and the maximum standard error was 0.30, which was acceptable by clinical standards. CONCLUSIONS The application of osteotomy and repositioning templates manufactured by 3D printing technique in maxillary LeFortⅠosteotomy was safe and can enable doctors to complete a surgery accurately.
Adult ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Maxilla ; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Objective To explore the significance of serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for the death risk evaluation in elderly patients with chronic disease in five years.Methods A total of 765 elderly patients with chronic disease[136 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD),76 patients with hypertension disease (HD),86 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),75 patients with Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM),76 patients with cerebral infarction (CI),73 patients with coronary heart disease combined with hypertension,71 patients with coronary heart disease combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,61 patients with coronary heart disease combined with diabetic,51 patients with coronary heart disease combined with cerebral infarction,and 60 patients with three comorbidity] were classified into the survival group (312 cases) and the death group (453 cases) according to disease prognosis.The serum NT-proBNP levels of 88 healthy controls and 765 elderly patients with chronic disease were determined by bi-directional lateral flow immunoassay.The death events were followed up and observed for an average of 5 years.The results were analyzed statistically.Results The serum NT-proBNP levels in the death group with various diseases were significantly higher than the survival group (P ＜0.01),the patient's age and the proportion of male in the death group and the survival group had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The serum NT-proBNP levels,the patient's age and the Proportion of male in the death group with various elderly chronic diseases had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).The serum NT-proBNP levels in the death group with various elderly chronic diseases had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05),and were significantly higher than the survival group (P ＜ 0.01).The patient's age and the proportion of male in the death group and the survival group had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The serum NT-proBNP levels in the death group in the different periods had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01),and were significantly higher than the survival group and healthy control group (P ＜ 0.01).The more shorter of the survival time was,the higher the serum NT-proBNP 1eve was.The serum NT-proBNP levels were negatively correlated with the survival time of the patients (r =-0.378,P =0.000).The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve indicated that the optimal cut-off values of serum NT-proBNP levels for the death risk evaluation in elder patients with chronic disease were 1 499.50 ng/L.Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the survival rates of serum NT-proBNP levels had significant difference (P ＜0.01).The higher the serum NT-proBNP level was,the more shorter of the Survival rates were.Conclusions The levels of serum NT-proBNP have an important prognostic value in the death risk evaluation in elderly patients with various chronic disease.It is an independent risk factor for the death occurred in eiderly patients with chronic disease.The levels of serum NT-proBNP are closely correlated with the survival rates and survival time of elderly patients,It can be used as a monitoring indicator of the elderly patients with chronic disease in risk stratification.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a method for simultaneous determination of 6 alkaloids in Coptis teeta.METHODS:The determination was performed on XtimateTM C18 with mobile phase consisted of 30 mmol/L ammonium bicarbonate [containing 0.1％ triethylamine and 0.7％ ammonia-acetonitrile (gradient elution)] at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 270 nm,the column temperature was 30 ℃,and the sample size was 10 μL.RESULTS:The linear ranges of jateorrhizine,columbamine,epiberberine,coptisine,palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride were 0.85-16.96 mg/L (r=0.999 9),1.25-24.96 mg/L(r=0.999 8),2.05-40.96 mg/L(r=0.999 9),3.65-72.96 mg/L(r=0.999 9),2.88-57.60 mg/L(r=0.999 9) and 13.25-264.96 mg/L(r=0.999 9),respectively.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3.0％.Recoveries were 97.14％-102.14％ (RSD=1.93％,n=6),97.00％-102.00％ (RSD=2.06％,n=6),98.18％-101.82 ％ (RSD=1.79％,n=6),96.15％-101.28％ (RSD=2.06％,n=6),96.88％-101.88％ (RSD=1.87％,n=6),99.31％-103.76％ (RSD=1.89％,n=6),respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,stability and reproducible,and can be used for simultaneous determination of 6 alkaloids in Coptis teeta.

OBJECTIVEThis research aimed to analyze the three-dimensional position of mandibular canal (MC) and man of MC and its relationship with the surrounding structures dibular morphology of normal young males and females by using data from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), as well as to provide an anatomical basis for clinical surgery of the mandible.

METHODSNormal occlusion and CBCT scans of 29 normal young people were conducted. InVivo 5 software was used to reconstruct the mandible, anchor the points, and measure the jaw shape and three-dimensional course of MC. All measurements were analyzed with SSPS 17.0 software.

RESULTSThe MC lingual bone cortex was thinner than the MC buccal bone cortex, and the distance of the MC to the buccal bone cortex gradually increased. However, the distance of the MC to the tongue bone cortex and alveolar crest gradually decreased from proximal to distal. In addition, the distance of the MC to the mandibular lower margin was minimal at the first molar and reached the maximum at the second premolar. No significant difference was observed among the heights, widths, and thicknesses of the left and right sides of the cortical bone of the mandibular body cross sections. From the midline to the farthest point, the height and lower one-third thickness of the lingual cortical bone of the mandibular body cross sections gradually decreased, whereas the width of the upper cross section and upper one-third thickness of the buccal cortical bone gradually increased. Significant difference was observed in some measured values.

CONCLUSIONAfter MC enter into the mandibular foramen, it moved away from the lingual to the buccal bone but gradually returned to the lingual bone; its general course is closer to the lingual bone. The mandibles of males are thicker than those of females. CBCT can accurately display the course of MC and its relationship with the surrounding structures.

Alveolar Process ; Bicuspid ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; methods ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Female ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Male ; Mandible ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Molar ; Software ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tongue ; Zygoma

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of osteotomy template manufactured via 3D printing technique in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO).

METHODSThe patient group consisted of 32 patients (17 males and 15 females) with mandibular hypoplasia who underwent a BSSO setback (Hunsuck modification; 64 splits). The mean age at the time of surgery was 23.5 years (range 1.9-35 years). All patients were scanned using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to create a 3D model of the mandibular, and the osteotomy template of the inner horizontal ramus of mandible bone incision was manufactured via 3D printing technique. All splits underwent operation with or without the osteotomy template by either a young doctor (attending doctor) or a doctor with extensive orthognathic surgery experience (chief doctor). The time it took to perform the mandible bone incision of the inner horizontal ramus of each group was recorded. Postoperative CBCT scan was performed, and the lingual split scale was used to assess the effect of the operation.

RESULTSPrimary healing of incisions was observed in all patients, and no serious complications occurred. The time it took to perform the mandible bone incision of the inner horizontal ramus was significantly different in the four groups (F=30.059, P<0.05), and it was longer in the group of the attending doctor without osteotomy template than in the other three groups (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the other groups (P>0.05). Although all splits (n=64) were performed according to the standardized protocol, only 59.38% (38/64) of the fracture lines run according to the Hunsuck's description. By contrast, only 21.88% (14/64) run through the mandibular canal and 18.75% (12/64) was split. The database was analyzed using crosstabs and via Fisher exact test. The split pattern was influenced by the application of an osteotomy template (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe application of osteotomy template manufactured via 3D printing technique in BSSO was effective, which enabled the young doctor to complete the operation faster and with good results.

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Objective Retrospectively analyzed the predictive value of imaging evaluation in stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.Methods A total of 145 stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma pantients were enrolled.We analyzed the overall survival rates of the patients with pathological complete response (pCR) and those without (NpCR),X-film complete response (xCR) and those without (NxCR),RECIST complete response (rCR) and those without (NrCR).And we used Cox model for multivariate analysis.Results The rates of pCR,xCR and rCR were 33.8％,42.8％ and 38.6％ for all patients,respectively.The 1-,3-5-year overall survival rates were 87.8％,79.6％,61.2％ for pCR patients and 75％,40.6％,24.0％ for NpCR patients (x2 =20.215,P ＜0.05),respectively;The 1-,3-5-year overall survival rates were 80.6％,66.1％,51.6％ for xCR patients and 75％,44.6％,25.3％ for NxCR patients(x2 =8.895,P ＜0.05),respectively;The 1-,3-5-year overall survival rates were 83.9％,69.6％,53.6％ for rCR patients and 76.4％,46.1％,25.8％ for NxCR patients(x2 =10.862,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Multivariate survival analysis using Cox regression model showed that pCR was a positive independent prognostic factor (HR =0.333,95％ CI:0.200-0.554,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Short-term imaging evaluation could effectively predict the prognosis of stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.And pCR was a positive independent prognostic factor.

Objective To investigate the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on FTO gene rs9939609 with metabolism index and obesity in children. Methods One hundred and fifty-three children (age 7-11 year) were recruited in this study, 102 of them were obese and 51 of them were overweight. One hundred and sixty children with normal body weight were recruited as control. Height, weight and biochemical indicator of liver function were measured. PCR and direct sequence were applied to detect the polymorphism of rs9939609, and the frequency of the allele was calculated. Results TT or TA/AA genotype frequency on FTOgene rs9939609 was significantly different among overweight group, obesity group and normal con-trol group (χ2=23.01, P<0.001);TA/AA genotype frequency in overweight and obesity group was significant higher than that in the control group(P<0.014). The frequencies of T and A allele in overweight group, obesity group and control group was 96.25%and 3.75%, 85.29%and 14.71%, 85.78%and 14.22%respectively. There was significant difference of allelic frequency among overweight group, obesity group and control group (χ2=21.72, P<0.001). The frequency of A allele in overweight and obe-sity group was higher than that in control group (P'<0.014). Subjects with TA/AA allele had significantly higher BMI compared with subjects with TT allele. Conclusions rs9939609 of FTO gene is associated with obesity in children, and allele A on this spot may raise BMI and leads to overweight and obesity.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of monitoring blood glucose in term infants with asphyxia. Methods The blood glucouse within 24 hours of admission and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed in full-term neonates with asphyxia admitted from January, 2011 to December, 2012. Results Among 256 term infants with asphyxia, 95 cases (37.11%) had abnormal blood glucose, 63 cases (24.61%) were hypoglycemia and 32 (12.50%) were hyperglycemia. The incidence of mild asphyxia and severe asphyxia, the number of damaged organ were significantly different among infants with hypoglycemia, normal blood glucose, and hyperglycemia (all P<0.001). Among 256 term infants, 206 cases were mild asphyxia, 50 cases were serve asphyxia. The incidence of abnormal blood glucose and hyperglycemia were significantly higher in infants with serve asphyxia than those in infants with mild asphyxia (P<0.01). Among 256 term infants, 227 cases (88.67%) had organ damaged. 96 cases involved one organ, 72 cases involved two organs, and 59 cases involved three or more organs. The incidence of abnormal blood glucose, hypoglycemia, hyperglucemia were significantly different among infants invoved one, two or threr and more organs. The incidence of hyperglycemia was the highest in infants with three or more organ damaged, and the incidence of hypoglycemia was the highest in infants with two organ damaged. Conclusions The term infants with severe asphyxia and more organ damaged were prone to with abnormal blood glucose.

Objective To evaluate the effect of delivery without perineum protection on maternal and neonatal outcomes .Methods The current study was conducted between July 1st, 2012 and February 1st, 2013. A total of 701 maternal women were included in the study , and 208 maternal women went on unprotected perineum delivery method and 493 went into routine episiotomy .Maternal and neonatal outcomes at the first day , the first week and the third month after delivery were compared and analyzed between the two groups .Results The aspects of intrapartum hemorrhage , suture material within delivery and the average hospitalization days in unprotected perineum group were significantly lower than those in the routine episiotomy group ( t= -14.58,-97.07,-21.88, respectively;P<0.01).The rate of episiotomy was 24.04%(50/208) in the unprotected perineum group and 61.26% (302/493) in the routine episiotomy group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =81.06,P<0.01).In the unprotected perineum group ,65, 44, 93 and 6 patients had perineal integrity, incision, laceration and incision with laceration , which in the routine episiotomy group were 78,269, 113 and 33, respectively, and the difference was significant (χ2 =81.09,P<0.01).The perineal pain at the first day,the first week and the third month after delivery were significantly different between two groups (χ2 =82.95,32.51,5.58, respectively;P<0.01).The incidence of postpartum urinary retention (χ2 =10.07,P<0.01), healing complications (χ2 =18.79,P<0.01) at first week and painful sex (χ2 =18.83,P<0.01) in the unprotected perineum group were significantly lower than those in the routine episiotomy group .There were no significant differences between the two groups with the aspects of time of the first ( t=-1.72,P>0.05) and the second stage of birth (t=1.55,P>0.05), neonatal birth weight (t =0.91,P >0.05), Apgar scores (χ2 =0.10,P>0.05) and NICU admission (χ2 =0.60,P>0.05).Conclusions The unprotected perineum delivery could decrease short-term and long-term complications , and it can be a new idea of restrictive episiotomy.

Carboxyl-terminal processing protease of D1 protein (CtpA) catalyzes carboxyl terminal processing of the D1 protein of photosystem II, which is essential for the assembly of a manganese cluster and consequent light-mediated water oxidation. It is a target for the discovery of wide-spectrum herbicide. We amplified the CtpA gene from spinach cDNA with standard PCR method and constructed it into pET-28a vector to generate a recombinant expression plasmid. Recombinant CtpA fusion protein with His-tag was expressed as soluble protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) after induction with 0.1 mmol/L IPTG at 8 degrees C for 72 h. We purified the CtpA protein with the Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and Superdex 75 gel filtration chromatography respectively, and verified the protein by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with anti-his antibody. Hydrolysis activity of CtpA was assayed by HPLC method with a synthetic 24-mer oligopeptide corresponding to carboxyl terminal of precursor D1 protein, and gave a total activity of 1.10 nmol/(mg x min). We used the purified CtpA protein as antigen to immune rabbit for the production of polyclonal antibody, and prepared antibody with high specificity and sensitivity. The results obtained in this paper provided the feasibility of high-throughput screening of lead compounds for the protease as inhibitors and mechanism analysis of CtpA enzyme.
Algal Proteins ; Antibodies ; metabolism ; Carboxypeptidases ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Proprotein Convertases ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; RNA, Plant ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Spinacia oleracea ; enzymology ; genetics