Objective To explore changes of three-dimensional organization of collagen fibers framework in hepatic fibrosis rats. Methods Healthy adult male Wistar rats(n=30) were randomly divided into control group(n=10) and hepatic fibrosis group.Hepatic fibrosis rats were induced by subcutaneous injections of 60% carbon tetrachloride oily solution.Rats were killed at the end of 10 week and 12 week as 10week(n=10) and 12week(n=10) hepatic fibrosis group.Distribution of collagen was detected by sirius red and polarized microscope,and the architecture was observed under the scanning electron microscope in hepatic fibrosis rats. Results Under the scanning electron microscope,with aggravation of hepatic fibrosis,kinds of collagen fibers and interlaced reticulation compartment were observed,some round or olivary !honeycomb"-like frameworks were formed,which disparted and wrapped up normal liver lobule,and the collagen fiber sheaths formed the deposition of collagen fibers surrounded portal areas or vessels.Pseudolobule vesicles formed in 12week hepatic fibrosis rats were more delicate and intact than that of in 10week hepatic fibrosis rats. Conclusion The microframework of the collagen fibers was changed in hepatic fibrosis.This structure was mainly composed of thick and slight hyperplastic collagen fibers.;

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determination of the contents of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Shiwuwei Xiaoyanzhike oral liquid .METHODS:HPLC was used,the mobile phase was acetonitrile - acetic acid,the flow rate was 0.8ml/ min and the detecting wavelengths were 326nm and 274nm.RESULTS: The recoveries of chlorogenic acid and baicalin were 96.8% - 104.5% , 94.9% -97.7% and RSD were 1.09% -3.12% , 1.19% -1.76% (n = 3), respectively .CONCLUSION: The method is simple and feasible with a good reproducibility, the RESULTS: can provide a basis for establishing the quality standard of this oral liquid.

Objective To investigate the applicability of clinical grade and a non-contact measurement method in evaluation of underneath eye wrinkles and to compare two methods.Methods A lot of 46 healthy Chinese women were recruited for this study.Underneath eye wrinkles severity was evaluated using clinical grade and a non-contact measurement method.The correlations were calculated for clinical grade and non-contact measurement parameters and age.The non-contact measurement parameters were classified by factor analysis.The correlations between age,clinical grade and factors were analyzed.Results The correlation coefficient between clinical grade in comparison to subject's age was 0.818.The parameters getting from non contact measurement were obviously correlated with age and clinical grade except SEr and SEsc;the correlation coefficients between parameters and age were-0.601 to 0.605;the correlation cofficients between parameters and clinical grade were-0.630 to 0.570.The non-contact measurement parameters could be classified into two factors;one represented wrinkle depth and roughness;the other represented wrinkle width and counts.These two factors were also obviously correlated with age and clinical grade.Conclusions Clinical grade and non contact measurement methods are both applicable in evaluation of underneath eye wrinkles.The parameters getting from two methods are obviously correlated with each other.

A method for the simultaneous determination of 34 pesticides in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil was developed. The samples were extracted and purified by a modified QuEChERS method, and then the supernatant was analyzed by on-line gel permeation chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GPC-GC-MS ) . The linear range was from 0 . 01 to 0 . 2 mg/L with a good correlation coefficients ( r≥0. 9913). The average recoveries of 31 pesticides (except p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDT. For detail, please reference to section 3 . 6 ) ranged from 70 . 3% to 115 . 4%, 69 . 5% to 112 . 6% and 70 . 2% to 116 . 1%spiked at 0. 05 μg/g and 0. 1 μg/g with the relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=6) less than 13. 3%, 13. 5% and 12. 1% in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil samples, respectively. The LODs of this method ranged from 0. 0692 to 2. 28, 0. 0559 to 2. 01 and 0. 0584 to 2. 14μg/kg (S/N=3) in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil samples respectively. The convenient operation and versatility of this method are suitable for the fast screening and detection of 34 pesticide residues in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil.

Objective In order to reduce the toxicity and still maintain the bioactivity of the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii(TW),the whole plant biotransfomed method was employed.By observing the pharmacological activities and the toxicity of MeOH extracts from the root of T.wilfordii that were biotransformed by the fungi Aspergillums spp.and Rhizopus spp.,the best biotransformed fungi strain has been selected based on the experimental data.Methods Applying the models of acute and chronic inflammation, the weight of immune organ and cell immunity were used to study the pharmacological activities,and ip injection to observe the acute toxicity.Results The anti-inflammation and immunosuppression have been increased slightly and the toxicity decreased significantly after being biotransformed by Aspergillus spp.(TW1),while the anti-inflammation,immunosuppression,and the toxicity have been declined after being biotransformed by Rhizopus spp.(TW2).Conclusion Although both selected fungi could change the pharmacological activities and toxicity of the T.wilfordii,Aspergillus spp.is better than Rhizopus spp.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection in ICU patients and its risk factors to take measures to prevent from infection. METHODS The nosocomial infection of ICU patients in 12 hospitals from Oct to Dec 2007 using the method of target monitoring was investigated. The nosocomial infection rate was regalated by the method of ASA. The invasive procedure and the associated infection rate were analyzed. RESULTS Among 2087 inpatients in ICU,236 suffered from nosocomial infection,The nosocomial infection incidence was 11.31%,and the nosocomial infection rate per day was 2.38% after regulated by the method of ASA. The patient incidence of nosocomial infection was 3.57%,and the nosocomial infection rate per day was 0.67%. CONCLUSIONS The patients in ICU are susceptible population of nosocomial infection,target monitoring in ICU is an effective surveillance method to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial infection.

Objective: To compare the pharmacodynamic action of Radix Notoginseng after fermented by different strains bioconversion.Methods:The models of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia were established,thrombosis in vivo were induced by collagen-Adr,ventricular fibrillation of mice by chloroform,and perfusion experiment of the ex vivo heart of cavia cobaya was used.Results:100,200mg/kg doses of all samples had protective effects on ischemia and hypoxia mice,1# sample can inhibit thrombosis induced by collagen-adrenaline obviously after intraperitoneal injection in dosage of 200mg?kg-1?d-1 for 5days.All groups significantly reduced the incidents of ventricullar fibrillation induced by chloroform in mice except 100mg/kg dose of 1#,furthermore,compared with control high dose group(5#),the incidents of high dose groups of 3、4# deceased significantly.All samples had the effect of dilating coronary artery,but there effects on myocardial contractile force and cardiac preload were different.Conclusion:The primary cardiovascular related pharmacological researches demonstrated the vary action changes of 1-4# samples compared with the sample 5#.This result has revealed that the chemical structure of Radix Notoginseng transformed and that is coincide with initial analysis of phytochemical analysis.

Model is a scientific thinking and operation method. It can provide guideline for resolving some nursing practice problems, and improve the quality of nursing service. Research on nursing model has received more and more attention. This paper analyzes the concept, classification, and development of the model, and describes its application in research on nursing model. According to background and research problem, researchers should analyze the characteristics of different methods of development and validation of model, and choose the approprate method. Thus, it can improve the scientificity and operability of results of nursing model.

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation among the morphological characteristics and the spica yield of various germplasm of Prunella vulgaris.

METHODThe various P. vulgaris germplasm from all over the country were investigated by analysis of correlation analysis, path analysis and principle component analysis in a randomized block experiment.

RESULTThe 6 morphological characteristics were greatly different from each other in various germplasm. The spica yield per plant had a very significantly positive correlation with the number of spica per plant and fresh leaves weight per plant, meanwhile the correlation between the spica yield per plant and spica length was very significantly. Three principal components which accounted for 87.533% of total variance were extracted from the principal component analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe strong growth potential, the number of spica per plant and spica length were main factors for the selection of high yield breeding of P. vulgaris.

Objective To realize the current situation of prevention and control of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)since the development of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)management in China in the re-cent 30 years.Methods Random cluster sampling was used to select 165 secondary and tertiary hospitals in 13 provinces and cities in China,questionnaires were filled in,the content included time,scope,method,data feed-back,and incidence of CAUTI monitoring.Results Of 165 hospitals,92.12% (152/165)have implemented targe-ted monitoring,the implementation rate in tertiary hospitals was higher than secondary hospitals (98.08% [102/104]vs 81.97%[50/61],χ2 =13.748,P <0.001).Most hospitals (82.24%[125/152])only implemented monito-ring in intensive care units(ICUs)or partial ICUs.HAI management professionals,HAI control doctors and nurses in 69.08%(105/152)of hospitals jointly took responsibility for CAUTI monitoring.95.39% (145/152)of hospitals diagnosed CAUTI by combination of clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results.98.68%(150/152) of hospitals have gradually implemented intervention measures,such as strictly mastering the indications of urinary indwelling catheters,hand hygiene of health care workers,non-frequent change of urinary indwelling catheters,and necessity for daily assessment of catheterization.75.66% (115/152)of hospitals conducted feedback of monitored results to the whole hospital.Incidences of CAUTI in pre-2010,2010,and 2015 were 3.10‰,4.72‰,and 1.89‰respectively.Conclusion In the recent 30 years,monitoring on CAUTI in China has obtained achievement,CAUTI monitoring is gradually standardized and scientific,but the development at all levels of medical institutions is still imbalance,which needs to be improved further.