Objective To evaluate the application of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) based on CT simulation in different respiratory phases in patients gaed≥70 years. Methods A total of 51 patients gaed≥70 years (range 70-88 years, mean age 73.5 years) with NSCLC were treated by 3D-CRT alone, using CT images of different respiratory phases. The case numbers at Ⅰb, Ⅱb, Ⅲa, Ⅲb and Ⅳstage were 3, 7, 19, 17 and 5, respectively. Both gross tumor volumes (GTV) at the end of inspiration and expiration were fused to a total GTV which was close to motorial range of tumor in respiration, and the expansion of clinical target volume/ planning target volume (CTV/PTV) need not include respiratory motion moreover. Compared with plans of classic 3D-CRT, the efficacy, prognostic factors and side effect of this treatment were evaluated. Results Compared with the traditional expansion of CTV/PTV, the volumes of PTV in this scheme were averagely 19.3% lower (median, 17.5%),and the volumes of lung that received equal dose to tumor were averagely 21.8% lower (median, 19.9%). The 1-, 2-and 3-years total survival rates were 70. 6%, 54.9% and 29.4% with a overall tumor response rate of 78.4%. KPS scores and node stages were independent prognostic factors, age was not. Conclusions CT simulations in different respiratory phases can effectively reduce PTV and improve the life quality without affecting the therapeutic effect in senile patients with NSCLC, and can be well tolerated.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of different dosages of bromocriptine in the treatment pro-lactinoma,and its effects on serum prolactin(PRL)and tumor volume. METHODS:A total of 60 patients with prolactinoma were selected from our hospital during Jan.-Dec. 2015 as research objects,and then divided into group A and B according to random number table,with 30 cases in each group. Both groups were given Bromocriptine mesilate tablets orally during meal. Group A was given medicine with initial dose of 2.5 mg/d,increasing to 3.75 mg/d 3 d later,increasing by 2.5 mg every week after 2-3 d,and then recovering to 3.75 mg/d till serum PRL level had been controlled. Group B was given medicine with initial dose of 1.25 mg/d, increasing to 2.5 mg/d 3 d later,increasing by 1.25-2.5 mg every week after 2-3 d,and then recovering to 2.5 mg/d till serum PRL level recovered to normal. Both groups were treated for consecutive 3 months. Clinical efficacies as well as serum level of PRL and tumor size were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:The total response rate of group A (83.33％) was higher than that of group B (66.67％),without statistical significance (P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in serum level of PRL and tumor size between 2 groups (P>0.05). After 1,2 months of treatment,serum levels of PRL in 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the group A was significantly lower than the group B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment,serum levels of PRL in 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to be-fore treatment,but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,tumor size of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and large adenoma and giant adenoma size in group A were significantly smaller than group B,with statisti-cal significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in microadenoma size between group A and B(P>0.05). The inci-dence of ADR in group A(12 cases,40.00％)was significantly higher than group B(5 cases,16.67％),with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Increasing dosages of bromocriptine no significant influence on therapeutic effect of prolactino-ma,but it can shorten the time of serum PRL level back to normal,and reduce the tumor size. The incidence of adverse reactions in-crease with the dosage.

Objective: To explore the influence of Aiweixin on cardiocyte apoptosis of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats, 200-250g weight, were divided into 3 groups randomly: sham-operation group, Ischemia-reperfusion injury group (I/R) and Aiweixin preconditioning group, each group had 10 rats. The model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was established. The protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 were studied by Immunohistch emicalstaining. Results:The protein expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 increased and Bcl-2 decreased signifi cantly (P

Objective To establish a method for acute isolation of rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) cells and identify the electrophysiological properties.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes,aged 5-12 days,were decapitated.The SCGs were removed quickly,and the single SCG cell was enzymatically isolated from the SCGs.When the holding potential was - 60 mV,100 μmol/L acetylcholine was applied and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor currents were recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp technique.When the holding potential was 760 mV,65 mmol/L KCl was applied and quantal release of catecholamines was detected by using carbon fiber electrodes.Results SCG cells with normal electrophysiological properties were isolated.Typical nicotinic acetylcholine receptor currents and quantal release of catecholamines were recorded successfully.Conclusion The cells suitable for patch-clamp experiments can be obtained by using the method for acute isolation of rat SCG cells.

Objective To study the effects of Shen-fuinjection onthe activity of β-adrenoreceptor in SD rats with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method The exprimerit was done at emergency medical lab of Shanghai Changzheng hospital.Cardiac arrest was induced thngh asphyxiation(succinylcholine)and ice-cold 0.5 mol/L KCI in rats,and resuscitation began at five minutes after cardiac orrest.In this experiment,seventy-two male SD rats were randomizly divided into 9 groups:control group(sham group),routine treatment(O.5 h,2 h,4 h,6 h) groups.and Shen-fu treatment(O.5 h,2 h,4 h,6 h),and each group had 8 rats.Rats of Shen-fh treatment groups were injected with shen-fu(20 mL/kg,20 mL/h)during CPR.3H-prazosln Wag used to determine the activity of β-adrenoreceptor in myocyte. The data of the statistic analysiswere presentedin the for mofmeaj14-standard(4-5)deviation.One-way ANOVA was used for muhig Toup comparison,and t-test for comprarison between two groups.Results[3-adrenoreeeptor reached peak at0.5 h after CPR(247.81±8.91)fmol/mg,reached the lowest level at 4 h(104.17 4-13.87)fmol/mg,and returned to the normal level at 6 h(178.53±10.42)fmol/mg.In the eady period.-adrenorecepter activity in control group[O.5 h:(259.91-4-18.09)finol/mJ was similar to that in Shenfu treatment groups(P>O.05).In the late phase,adrenoreeeptor activity in the Shen-fu treatment groups[2 h:(173.04±18.77)fmol/mg,4 h:(148.72±13.88)finoL/mg]was significantly hi#er than that in the control groups(P<0.05).Conclusiom After CPR, ceplor activity firstly rises and then declines,and Shenfu injection Call significantly increase adrenoreceptor activity of mrs in the later period after CPR.

Objective To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenal tumors by transperito-neal or retroperitoneal approaches. Methods Atotal of 41 laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenal tumor patients were pertormed,inchiding 16 patients by transperitoneal approach and 25 patients by retroperitoneal approach. The tumor size,operative time,intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative ambulatory day and postopera-tive complications were observed. Results Of the 41 cases ,3 cases were transferred to open surgery and the other 38 cases were achieved successful operations. No significant differences( all P>0.05) were found in tumor size,intraop-erative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative ambulatory day between the transperitoneal group and ret-roperitoneal group ,but there were significant differences( P<0.05) in operative time and intraoperative blood loss be-tween the two group. Conclusion Both the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic approaches are feasible and safe for adrenal tumors, and the latter has more advantages in operative time, but the operative approach still should be chosen based on the pathological changes,tumor size and position as well as the individual conditions of the patients.

75mmHg) underwent PBMV using standard Inoue technique, and the changes in clinical functional status and echo Doppler pulmonary systolic pressure during follow up were assessed. Results PBMV was successful in 39 patients. Immediately after the procedure, mitral valve area increased from (0.83?0.12)cm 2 to (1.75?0.11)cm 2 ,pulmonary systolic pressure decreased from (85?7)mmHg to (61?13)mmHg (all P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the generation of beta-lactamases from Klebsiella pneumoniae(KPN) which is only susceptible to imipenem.METHODS Sixteen kinds of beta-lactamase genes were detected in a KPN strain by PCR.The genes included TEM,SHV,LEN,OKP, CTX-M-1 group,CTX-M-2 group,CTX-M-9 group,OXA-1 group,OXA-2 group,OXA-10 group,PER,GES,VEB,CARB,DHA,and ACT-1.RESULTS The assay showed six positive genes including TEM,SHV,CTX-M-1 group,CTX-M-9 group,OXA-1 group,and DHA.CONCLUSIONS The KPN strain carries six kinds of beta-lactamase genes simultaneously.

Objective To investigate the expressions of acetylcholine and norepinephrine of the central nervous system in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and to explore the possible roles of the classical neurotransmitters of the central nervous system in the pathogenesis of IBS. Methods The rat model of IBS was reproduced by intragastric instillation of 2.0ml water at 0-4℃ in male Wistar rats for two weeks. Both the model group and the control underwent rectal distention, then were sacrificed by deep anesthesia. Sections of the posterior horn of the spinal cord and hypothalamus were obtained and processed immunohistochemically using anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) antibodies respectively, and the staining results were analyzed semi-quantitatively using computerized color image analyzer. The statistical difference of the opacity density and immunoreactive areas between two groups was compared by t-test. Results Immunoreactive area, opacity density of AchE immunoreactive tissues in the posterior horn of the spinal cord and hypothalamus of the model group were all significantly higher than those in control group (P0.05). Conclusions The expressions of acetylcholine in the spinal cord and hypothalamus in the rat model of C-IBS were abnormal, which suggested that cholinergic nervous system in the central nervous system may play some roles in the pathogenesis of IBS.

Background and purpose:Colorectal carcinoma(CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality. In the 1990s, several fi rst-line phase Ⅲ trails showed a signifi cant improvement in result with the addition of CPT-11(irinotecan, which is a specifi c inhibitor of topoisomerase Ⅰ) to FU-LV combination therapy(FOLFIRI).We observed the survival rate, effi cacy and adverse reaction of the combination chemotherapy of irinotecan plus folinic acid/continuous 5-? uorouracil bimonthly FOLFIRI regimen as second chemotherapy in treating advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods:Sixty patients with histologically proved advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma whose disease had progressed after treatment with first-line oxaliplatin or other chemotherapeutics agents were included to receive at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy with irinotecan 180 mg/m2 day 1 and folinic acid 200 mg/m2 iv,5-FU 400 mg/m2 iv bolus,days 1 and 2, 5-FU 600 mg/m2 iv infusion over 22 hours, days 1 and 2.Treatment was repeated every two weeks. Results:All patients were assessable for toxicity and 58 patients were evaluable for treatment response. The non-hematological toxicity was mild. Most was grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ. Only two patients experienced grade Ⅲ diarrhea and one patient experienced grade Ⅲ nausea and vomiting. There were no cases with grade Ⅳ toxicity. The most common hematological toxicity was neutropenia. Grade Ⅲ neutropenia were observed in fi ve patients. There was no case of febrile neutropenia. Based on intention to treat analysis, there were no complete responses (CR), 14(24.14%) partial response (PR), and 30 (51.72%) stable disease. the median time to disease progression was 6.09 months. The median overall survival was 9.65 months. Conclusions:Bimonthly irinotecan in combination with folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil was active with acceptable toxicities and a prolonged survival time in retreated colorectal cancer.