Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of diameter ratio of pulmonary artery or ascending aorta in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)patients with pulmonary hypertension.Methods 60 COPD patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension were selected as the study group,then 60 cases of normal pulmonary artery pressure COPD patients were selected as the control group.By comparing the pulmonary artery and aorta diame-ter ratio rose of the two groups to judge the value slow lung disease in patients with pulmonary hypertension of the resistive prompt action.Results The MAPD and MAD ratio of the study group was significantly higher than in the control group[(1.04 ±0.01)vs (0.83 ±0.02),t =12.572,P =0.000],and pulmonary artery high pressure ratio was positively correlated with the relative coefficient of r =0.743.Conclusion MAD ratio MAPD in the diagnosis of pulmonary artery hypertension have relatively high specificity,and the risk of an exacerbation of COPD future have prompted role in helping COPD patients with pulmonary hypertension of early detection and early treatment.

Purpose To investigate the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3B in cervical squamous carcinoma and its relation-ship with Ki-67 expression. Methods To detect the expression of LC3B in 16 cases of normal cervical tissues and 126 cases of squa-mous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, Ki-67 protein was also detected in 126 cases of squamous cell car-cinoma in the same assay. The relationship between LC3B expression and Ki-67 in cervical squamous cell cancer was statistical analy-sis. Results Expression level of LC3B were significantly lower in cervical squamous carcinoma than normal squamous epithelial cells (P<0. 05), and the expression of LC3B was negatively correlated with Ki-67(rs = -0. 248, P<0. 05). Conclusion It appears that decreased levels of autophagy which indicated by low expression of LC3B may promote cancer cell proliferation in the early stages of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which provides a clinical referential evidence for further explore the mechanism of autophagy in cer-vical cancer development.

Recently, vasculogenic mimicry, a new form of tumor blood supply has been discovered,which is completely different with the classic model of tumor blood supply. It has important significance which perfect the mechanism of tumor blood supply, improve the treatment and prognosis of tumor. In the paper, its structure, mechanism, and clinical significance of tumor treatment are reviewed.

Objective To explore the efficacy of intratympanic dexamethasone injection in treating acute low-frequency hearing loss(ALHL).Methods Thirty-seven ALHL cases not responsive to intravenous dexamethasone and vasodilator medications were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups.In the treatment group,dexamethasone was injected intratympanically once per day to 18 cases for a seven-day history with unilateral ALHL and 1 case with bilateral ALHL.In the control group,18 cases with unilateral ALHL were given intravenous vasodilator medications for 7 days.All patients were followed up for 1～ 2 years.Results In the treatment group with unilateral ALHL,8 cases achieved complete recovery,7 cases achieved partial recovery and no change was observed in the other 3 cases.The efficiency was 83.3 %.2 cases showed recurrent low-frequency hearing loss during the follow-up period.One case with bilateral ALHL did not respond to the treatment and no recurrence was observed.No side effect was observed in the study.In the control group,3 cases completely recovered,5 cases partially recovered and 10 cases showed no improvement.The efficiency was 44.4%.5 cases recurred and one of them progressed to Meniere's disease.There was a statistically significant difference in efficiency of patients with unilateral ALHL between two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Intratympanic dexamethasone application was an effective and safe treatment option for ALHL.

Objective: The activity of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)in nasal mucosa of normal guinea pigs was compared with that of allergic rhinitis(AR)guinea pigs to investigate the relationship between NOS and AR. Methods: Localization of NOS in nasal mucosa of normal and AR guinea pigs was examined by means of NADPH diaphorase (NADPH d) histochemical stain. Results: Nasal mucosa of both normal and AR groups was positive for NADPH d, though the AR group reacted more strongly. Reaction was localized to the cytoplasm of glandular cell, epithelium and vascular endothelium. Conclusion: There is distribution of NOS in nasal mucosa of normal guinea pigs. The activity of NOS in guinea pig AR model was significantly stronger than that in normal group. NOS is related to AR. [

Objective: To investigate the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis at cell level by determing basophil histamine releasability in guinea pigs and attempt to find an objective way for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Methods: A model of allergic rhinitis was established after healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into 2 groups. The basophil histamine releasability to the stimulant of concanavalin A between normal and experimental guinea pigs was compared by means of fluorometric assay of histamine. Results: Basophil histamine release to various concentrations of concanavalin A in allergic rhinitis group was significantly enhanced as compared with that in normal control ( P

Endometriosis, an oestrogen-dependent disorder, is related to inflammation, p38 Mitogen activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) can be activated by sex hormone and inflammatory factors, which plays an important role in many cellular reactions such as apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation and stresses, etc. Many studies showed that p38 MAPK was participated directly in regulating the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The special regulatory action of p38 MAPK on sex hormone and inflammation may help us to understand the intricate endometriosis pathological hypothesis. p38 MAPK inhibitors play a key role in the the study of endometriosis, and show great promise for the future. Blocking and regulating the expression of p38 MAPK on the signal transduction pathway level may hope to be a new strategy to prevent and treat endometriosis.

cases were histologically confirmed to be patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 4 cases to be patients with adenocarcinoma. The majority of the patients received stereotatic radiotherapy on the basis of external radiation. The single dose for stereotatic radiation was 5～10Gy, once every two days, 4～8 fractions, the total dose was 26～42 Gy by using 5～6 non-coplanar stationary beams or arc radiation. The patients′ CT was checked 2～3 months after treatment, there were 8 cases of CR( 26.7%), 18 cases of PR(60%),4 case of NR (13.3%).The median survival time was 12 months and the survival of 1 year and 2 years was 84 % and 61.2% (using Kaplan-Meier methods). The total effective rate was 86.7%. The results suggested that stereotatic radiotherapy (SRT) is effective for lung cancer at palliative and radical treatment. Combined with external irradiation, it can increase the doses of target and shorten the course of treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical, imaging and pathological findings of the primary (CNS) lymphoma in patients without AIDS. Methods The clinical, laboratory, neuroradiological and pathological data of such 15 cases were analysed. Results The clinical features of the primary malignant lymphoma of CNS are variable,however,more than half of patients were presented with an increased intracranial pressure and a neurologic dysfunction, such as weakness of limbs,speech changes and seizures. These symptoms were always misdiagnosed as some other tumors.Examination of CSF revealed a mild or intermediate increase of protein in all patients by way of lumbar punctures. Imaging examinations by CT and MRI both showed solitary or multiple masses of tumor located more likely in the frontal and temporal lobes. Only 20% patients mimiced the demyelineting disease and were misdiagnosed as multiply sclerosis. Conclusions Patients with such CNS lymphoma usually do not present the characteristically clinical manifestations or findings in the imaging scanning. Brain biopsy may be a method more reliable to confirm this disease and be important for improving the prognosis of patients.

Objective To compare cerebralspinal fluid acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), and their correlation with cognitive impairment.Methods First, dementia scales of 22 ADs, 22 VDs and 20 controls were scored using MMSE. Then the concentrations of CSF ACh and Ch in AD and VD were examined using the high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD). Finally, the scores of MMSE and concentrations of ACh and Ch were compared. Results The ACh concentrations in AD[(10.7?5.1)nmol/L] and VD [(16.8?7.4)nmol/L] were found to be significantly lower than in controls [(34.5?9.0)nmol/L]( P =0.001), and showed a significant positive correlation with MMSE scores. The Ch concentration in AD CSF [(627.6?145.1)nmol/L] was approximately the same as in controls [(716.0?159.4)nmol/L], and showed no correlation with MMSE scores. The Ch concentration in VD CSF [(887.4?187.4)nmol/L] was significantly higher than in AD ( P =0.001) and controls ( P =0.002).Conclusion (1)The depression of ACh is correlated with cognitive impairment, suggesting ACh is an important neurotransmitters for memory. (2) VD may have a similar pathogenesis as AD. (3) The depression of AD ACh concentration and elevation of VD Ch concentration in CSF may be a role in their differentiation. (4) The application of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is suitable for AD and VD.